Abstract: An electrical double layer capacitor (EDLC) energy storage device is provided that includes at least two electrodes and a redox-enhanced electrolyte including two redox couples such that there is a different one of the redox couples for each of the electrodes. When charged, the charge is stored in Faradaic reactions with the at least two redox couples in the electrolyte and in a double-layer capacitance of a porous carbon material that comprises at least one of the electrodes, and a self-discharge of the energy storage device is mitigated by at least one of electrostatic attraction, adsorption, physisorption, and chemisorption of a redox couple onto the porous carbon material.

Abstract: An electrical double layer capacitor (EDLC) energy storage device is provided that includes at least two electrodes and a redox-enhanced electrolyte including two redox couples such that there is a different one of the redox couples for each of the electrodes. When charged, the charge is stored in Faradaic reactions with the at least two redox couples in the electrolyte and in a double-layer capacitance of a porous carbon material that comprises at least one of the electrodes, and a self-discharge of the energy storage device is mitigated by at least one of electrostatic attraction, adsorption, physisorption, and chemisorption of a redox couple onto the porous carbon material.

Abstract: The present invention relates to hemostatic compositions comprising a mesocellular oxide foam and, optionally, a biologically active agent such as a procoagulant, as well as devices and methods of use to promote blood clotting.

Abstract: The present invention relates to hemostatic compositions comprising a mesocellular oxide foam and, optionally, a biologically active agent such as a procoagulant, as well as devices and methods of use to promote blood clotting.

Abstract: The present invention relates to hemostatic compositions comprising a mesocellular oxide foam and, optionally, a biologically active agent such as a procoagulant, as well as devices and methods of use to promote blood clotting.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for removing a contaminant from its environment. The method includes forming a magnetic composition comprising the contaminant and an amphiphilic substance, and applying a magnetic field to the magnetic composition so as to separate the magnetic composition from the environment. One composition includes a micelle array confined in a magnetic mesoporous framework. Another composition is formed by adhering an amphiphilic material comprising functional surface groups to a contaminant, then interacting a magnetic material with the functional surface groups of the amphiphilic material. In various versions, the contaminant can be a hydrophobic organic compound, or a fullerene-related nanoparticle. The methods can also be used to purify hydrophobic organic compounds or fullerene-related nanoparticles.

Abstract: For use in a DMFC, a proton-conducting membrane containing a proton-conducting host polymer and a functionalized fullerene having one or more proton accepting or proton donating functional groups selected from: >C[PO(OH)2]2; —PO(OH)2; —OH; —SO3H; —NH2; —CN; —HOSO3H; —COOH; —OPO(OH)2; and —OSO3 or a combination of two or more of these groups attached to the fullerene.

Abstract: The invention provides a homogeneous composition comprising a hemostatically effective amount of a charged oxide, wherein the composition has an isoelectric point, as measured in calcium chloride, below 7.3 or above 7.4. Typically, the charged oxide is selected from the group consisting of silaceous oxides, titanium oxides, aluminum oxides, calcium oxides, zinc oxides, nickel oxides and iron oxides. In some embodiments, the composition further comprises a second oxide selected from the group consisting of calcium oxide, sodium oxide, magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, phosphorus oxide and alumina. In a typical embodiment of the invention, the charged oxide is silaceous oxide, the second oxide comprises calcium oxide and the ratio, by molar ratio, of silaceous oxide to calcium oxide is 0.25 to 15. Optionally, the composition further comprises phosphorous oxide. Also described are methods of making and using such compositions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to hemostatic compositions comprising a mesocellular oxide foam and, optionally, a biologically active agent such as a procoagulant, as well as devices and methods of use to promote blood clotting.

Abstract: The components of and a proton conducting membrane (PCM) produced from a host polymer and an attached or physically blended in hydrogen cyano fullerene proton-source agent, with the physical blending of the host polymer and hydrogen cyano fullerene further promoted by a poly(ethylene oxide) attached fullerene mixing agent.

Abstract: Disclosed is a microwave preparation method for producing polymeric nanoparticles in which a mixture is made that contains a monomer, an optional functionalize co-monomer, a polymerization initiator that is activated by microwave irradiation, a cross-linker that preferentially creates intra-particle cross-links during polymerization, and a water-based solvent which is then irradiated with microwave radiation to facilitate polymerization of the nanoparticles into sub-50 nm size range nanoparticles.

Abstract: Mesoscopically ordered, hydrothermally stable metal oxide-block copolymer composite or mesoporous materials are described herein that are formed by using amphiphilic block polymers which act as structure directing agents for the metal oxide in a self-assembling system.

Abstract: Pegylated fullerenes, for use with a lithium ion battery as a solvent-free electrolyte, having the formula {[CH3-(PEO)]m-LINKER}n-fullerene, with n?1, m?1 to 5, and the LINKER group comprising a moiety capable of attaching each of the CH3-(PEO)-chains to the fullerene.

Abstract: The invention provides a homogeneous composition comprising a hemostatically effective amount of a charged oxide, wherein the composition has an isoelectric point, as measured in calcium chloride, below 7.3 or above 7.4. Typically, the charged oxide is selected from the group consisting of silaceous oxides, titanium oxides, aluminum oxides, calcium oxides, zinc oxides, nickel oxides and iron oxides. In some embodiments, the composition further comprises a second oxide selected from the group consisting of calcium oxide, sodium oxide, magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, phosphorus oxide and alumina. In a typical embodiment of the invention, the charged oxide is silaceous oxide, the second oxide comprises calcium oxide and the ratio, by molar ratio, of silaceous oxide to calcium oxide is 0.25 to 15. Optionally, the composition further comprises phosphorous oxide. Also described are methods of making and using such compositions.

Abstract: The invention provides compositions, methods and devices relating to a silaceous oxide that generates a reduced heat of hydration upon contact with blood. By reducing the heat of hydration, the compositions provide a hemostatic agent that attenuates a tissue burning side effect of conventional hemostatic agents without adversely affecting the wound healing properties of the composition.

Abstract: A reactant selected from the group consisting of alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, dienes, and aromatics is reacted with a halide selected from the group including chlorine, bromine, and iodine to form a first reaction product. The first reaction product is reacted with a solid oxidizer to form a product selected from the group including olefins, alcohols, ethers, and aldehydes, and spent oxidizer. The spent oxidizer is oxidized to form the original solid oxidizer and the second reactant which are recycled.

Abstract: A membrane/film casting method for fabricating composite membranes/films, and the produced composite membranes/films thereby fabricated, from a host polymer and a fullerene, often with the mixing of the host polymer and fullerene further promoted by a poly(ethylene oxide) attached fullerene mixing agent.

Abstract: Novel acidic hydrogen cyano fullerenes and cyano fullerenes are disclosed that may be utilized as components in a proton conducting membrane (PCM). In particular, C60H(CN)n, wherein n>1, and C60(CN)n, wherein n>2, species are provided.

Abstract: The components of and a proton conducting membrane (PCM) produced from a host polymer and an attached or physically blended in hydrogen cyano fullerene proton-source agent, with the physical blending of the host polymer and hydrogen cyano fullerene further promoted by a poly(ethylene oxide) attached fullerene mixing agent.

Abstract: An organic-inorganic hydrophilic polymer-oxide hybrid proton conducting membrane (PCM) is produced from a host organic polymer, a filler inorganic oxide, and a proton-source with a pKa less than about 5. Usually, the subject invention comprises PCMs containing host polymer-x-strong acid-y-filler oxide, wherein x is between about 1 and about 10 (with “x” as the molar ratio of acid anion to polymer repeat unit) and y? about 50% (with “y” the weight percentage of filler oxide in the composite).