Abstract: The present invention relates to a light emitting diode with metal piles and one or more passivation layers and a method for making the diode including a first steps of performing mesa etching respectively on a first semiconductor layer and a second semiconductor layer belonging to stacked layers formed on a substrate in sequence! a second step of forming a reflector layer on the mesa-etched upper and side face! a third step of contacting one or more first electrodes with the first semiconductor layer and one or more second electrodes through the reflector layer with the second semiconductor layer; a fourth step of forming a first passivation layer on the reflector layer and the contacted electrodes; and a fifth step of connecting the first electrodes to a first bonding pad through one or more first electrode lines, bring one ends of vertical extensions having the shape of a metal pile into contact with one or more second electrodes, and connecting the other ends of the vertical extensions to a second bonding

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to a system and method for tagging media. In some implementations a method includes receiving information identifying media requested by a user devices. a plurality of different tags assigned to the requested media are identified. The plurality of tags are transmitted to the user device for presenting the plurality of tags in connection with presenting the media. Each of the plurality of tags are associated with an element in the media and configured to retrieve secondary information in response to at least the user selecting the tag.

Abstract: Provided are a method and apparatus for controlling media access in a sensor network and a method of managing traffic information. Since traffic information is exchanged between nodes and data is transmitted by using a dynamic long preamble according to receiver nodes, data transmission efficiency can be improved, energy consumed to transmit the long preamble can be reduced, and data transmission delay can be reduced as well.

Abstract: Provided is a method of transmitting/receiving data in a sensor node for reducing overhearing of sensor nodes, and a sensor network which implements the method. A sender node having transmission data from among a plurality of nodes which perform a low power listening (LPL) operation in an asynchronous manner at predetermined time intervals, generates a long preamble including short preambles, each having information including a destination address of the transmission data, a remainder of the long preamble, and a length of the transmission data, and sequentially transmits the second preamble and the transmission data. A receiver node from among the plurality of nodes determines whether a valid signal is sensed during an active state in the LPL operation. If it is determined that the valid signal is sensed, the receiver node receives the short preamble transmitted from the sender node.

Abstract: Disclosed is a channel equalizing apparatus and method for a digital television receiver that performs channel equalization using equalizing algorithms. The channel equalizing apparatus includes a channel equalizing section for compensating for channel distortion using a blind algorithm and a decision directed algorithm among equalizing algorithms, and a equalizing control section for calculating error values for compensating for the channel distortion from the blind algorithm and the decision directed algorithm and controlling the channel equalizing section to compensate for the channel distortion according to the calculated error values.

Abstract: A channel equalizer includes an equalizer filter for correcting an error upon receipt of a signal transmitted by a sending end, a DD slicer for calculating a first error upon receipt of the corrected signal from the equalizer filter, a Sato slicer for calculating a second error upon receipt of the corrected signal from the equalizer filter, and a DD error size calculation unit for taking the absolute value of the real part and imaginary part of the first error calculated from the DD slicer and summing these absolute values.

Abstract: A real/complex dual combination channel equalizer is provided, which is capable of minimizing the complexity of a channel equalizer while maintaining the performance of a real and complex mode. The real/complex dual combination channel equalizer includes a combination of elements for inputting real data and imaginary data to a channel select unit, outputting data selected by the channel select unit, yielding real filter output data and imaginary filter output data by multiplying tap coefficients to the outputted data and performing operations, selecting data among the yielded data, outputting a final data of the real filter by subtracting the value outputted from a real decision orientation filter unit from the selected data, outputting real/complex decision data and an error by the outputted data, and renewing the tap coefficient by the data outputted from the channel select unit and the error.

Abstract: Disclosed is a channel equalizing apparatus and method for a digital television receiver that performs channel equalization using equalizing algorithms. The channel equalizing apparatus includes a channel equalizing section for compensating for channel distortion using a blind algorithm and a decision directed algorithm among equalizing algorithms, and a equalizing control section for calculating error values for compensating for the channel distortion from the blind algorithm and the decision directed algorithm and controlling the channel equalizing section to compensate for the channel distortion according to the calculated error values.