Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a method for assessing soil health of cultivated land, which adopts “three sets of dual index assessment systems”, that is an index system for current soil function and a healthy soil function required by crops, an index system for current soil nutrition and healthy soil nutrition required by crops, and an index system for current crop output of cultivated land and a crop output expected by cultivated land users or owners. The method solves the shortcomings of the existing assessment systems that the existing soil health assessment index system has no hierarchy and applicability. This method includes using deviating degree of ratio R e.g., the index current value C/index health value E of measured dual index from 1 as well as it is simple, and the assessment result may directly determine the indicators or factors that can be used for guiding soil improvement and conservation.