Abstract: This invention relates to acetylene removal catalysts and their use in the hydrogenating of highly unsaturated hydrocarbons to less unsaturated hydrocarbons in an olefin rich hydrocarbon stream in the presence of hydrogen and a catalyst composition under conditions effective to convert said highly unsaturated hydrocarbon to a less unsaturated hydrocarbon. Said catalyst composition comprises palladium, silver, potassium, and an inorganic support material, wherein the catalyst composition contains less than about 0.3 weight % potassium. In the presence of sulfur-containing impurities, the catalysts of the present invention yield a much smaller increase in T1 (cleanup temperature) and higher ethylene selectivity is achieved.

Abstract: A catalyst for the selective hydrogenation of acetylene comprising a support having a uniformly round external surface; palladium in the range of about 0.01 to 1.0 weight percent of the catalyst and substantially all of the palladium being concentrated in a skin periphery of the catalyst; and silver in the range of about 0.5 to 10.0 times the weight of the palladium. Preferably, the support is selected from the group consisting of alumina, titania, zirconia, zinc aluminate, zinc titanate and mixtures thereof, and/or the skin has a thickness less than about 400 microns.

Abstract: A catalyst composition is provided which can be used for hydrogenating a highly unsaturated hydrocarbon such as an alkyne or a diolefin. The catalyst composition contains palladium, a catalyst component of either silver or an alkali metal compound, or both silver and an alkali metal compound, and a metal aluminate catalyst support. Such metal aluminate catalyst support is prepared by a process of incorporating alumina with a metal component, preferably impregnating alumina with a melted metal component, to thereby provide a metal-incorporated alumina followed by drying and high temperature calcining to thereby provide a metal aluminate catalyst support. The catalyst composition disclosed can be used for hydrogenating a highly unsaturated hydrocarbon to a less unsaturated hydrocarbon. The process involves contacting a highly unsaturated hydrocarbon with a catalyst composition in the presence of hydrogen under a hydrogenation condition sufficient to effect a hydrogenation of the highly unsaturated hydrocarbon.

Abstract: A catalyst composition is provided which can be used for hydrogenating a highly unsaturated hydrocarbon such as an alkyne or a diolefin. The catalyst composition contains palladium, a catalyst component of either silver or an alkali metal compound, or both silver and an alkali metal compound, and a metal aluminate catalyst support. Such metal aluminate catalyst support is prepared by a process of incorporating alumina with a metal component, preferably impregnating alumina with a melted metal component, to thereby provide a metal-incorporated alumina followed by drying and high temperature calcining to thereby provide a metal aluminate catalyst support. The catalyst composition disclosed can be used for hydrogenating a highly unsaturated hydrocarbon to a less unsaturated hydrocarbon. The process involves contacting a highly unsaturated hydrocarbon with a catalyst composition in the presence of hydrogen under a hydrogenation condition sufficient to effect a hydrogenation of the highly unsaturated hydrocarbon.

Abstract: A catalyst composition is provided which can be used for hydrogenating a highly unsaturated hydrocarbon such as an alkyne or a diolefin. The catalyst composition contains palladium, a catalyst component of either silver or an alkali metal compound, or both silver and an alkali metal compound, and a metal aluminate catalyst support. Such metal aluminate catalyst support is prepared by a process of incorporating alumina with a metal component, preferably impregnating alumina with a melted metal component, to thereby provide a metal-incorporated alumina followed by drying and high temperature calcining to thereby provide a metal aluminate catalyst support. The catalyst composition disclosed can be used for hydrogenating a highly unsaturated hydrocarbon to a less unsaturated hydrocarbon. The process involves contacting a highly unsaturated hydrocarbon with a catalyst composition in the presence of hydrogen under a hydrogenation condition sufficient to effect a hydrogenation of the highly unsaturated hydrocarbon.

Abstract: A catalyst composition is provided which can be used for hydrogenating a highly unsaturated hydrocarbon such as an alkyne or a diolefin. The catalyst composition contains palladium, a catalyst component of either silver or an alkali metal compound, or both silver and an alkali metal compound, and a metal aluminate catalyst support. Such metal aluminate catalyst support is prepared by a process of incorporating alumina with a metal component, preferably impregnating alumina with a melted metal component, to thereby provide a metal-incorporated alumina followed by drying and high temperature calcining to thereby provide a metal aluminate catalyst support. The catalyst composition disclosed can be used for hydrogenating a highly unsaturated hydrocarbon to a less unsaturated hydrocarbon. The process involves contacting a highly unsaturated hydrocarbon with a catalyst composition in the presence of hydrogen under a hydrogenation condition sufficient to effect a hydrogenation of the highly unsaturated hydrocarbon.

Abstract: This invention provides an improved etherification process that reduces the amount of acidic-ion-exchange-resin catalyst that is deactivated by nitriles. This process uses a water phase to remove nitriles from a hydrocarbon phase followed by an alcohol phase to remove the nitriles from the water phase. An hydrogenation catalyst is used to convert the nitriles to amines so that they can be more easily removed from the alcohol phase.

Abstract: Provided is an improved process for removing sulfur compounds from sulfur contaminated fluid streams by contacting such fluid streams with an absorbent composition comprising zinc oxide, silica, and molybdenum disulfide. The absorbent composition comprising zinc oxide, silica, and molybdenum disulfide is a novel composition which has the desirable properties of high sulfur loading capacity and the, ability to be contacted with the hydrogen sulfide containing fluid stream for the removal of such hydrogen sulfide from said fluid stream with a minimum amount of sulfur dioxide slippage. An additional embodiment of the disclosed invention includes a method for minimizing the amount of extrusion die wear during the production of the zinc oxide based absorbent compositions. Extrusion die wear is reduced by adding a quantity of molybdenum disulfide to the zinc oxide absorbent in an amount which provides desirable lubricating properties such that extrusion die wear is reduced during the manufacture of the composition.

Abstract: Hydrogen sulfide is removed from a fluid stream containing hydrogen sulfide by contacting the fluid stream under suitable absorbing conditions with an absorbing composition consisting essentially of zinc oxide and silica. Additionally, the absorbing composition may contain binders and may be promoted, preferably with nickel oxide.

Abstract: Provided is an improved process for removing sulfur compounds from sulfur contaminated fluid streams by contacting such fluid streams with an absorbent composition comprising zinc oxide, silica, and molybdenum disulfide. The absorbent composition comprising zinc oxide, silica, and molybdenum disulfide is a novel composition which has the desirable properties of high sulfur loading capacity and the ability to be contacted with the hydrogen sulfide containing fluid stream for the removal of such hydrogen sulfide from said fluid stream with a minimum amount of sulfur dioxide slippage. An additional embodiment of the disclosed invention includes a method for minimizing the amount of extrusion die wear during the production of the zinc oxide based absorbent compositions. Extrusion die wear is reduced by adding a quantity of molybdenum disulfide to the zinc oxide absorbent in an amount which provides desirable lubricating properties such that extrusion die wear is reduced during the manufacture of the composition.

Abstract: A novel composition comprising zinc oxide and at least one metal phosphate that can be effectively used to remove sulfur compounds from a fluid stream by contacting said fluid stream under suitable absorption conditions with this novel composition. Also, a novel method is described for making a composition comprising mixing with zinc oxide at least one metal phosphate followed by the addition of a dilute acid to form a paste or paste like material having a desired consistency for agglomeration.

Abstract: The composition of this invention is a silicated zinc oxide that comprises a co-gelled mixture comprising zinc oxide and silica. This co-gelled mixture is used as a sorbent for removing sulfur compounds from sulfur containing fluids by contacting such fluids with the sorbent. The composition can be prepared by a silicating process wherein the composition is manufactured by silicating zinc oxide to form a co-gelled mixture.

Abstract: Hydrogen sulfide is removed from a fluid stream containing hydrogen sulfide by contacting the fluid stream under suitable absorbing conditions with an absorbing composition consisting essentially of zinc oxide and silica. Additionally, the absorbing composition may contain binders and may be promoted, preferably with nickel oxide.

Abstract: A novel sorbent comprising zinc oxide and a Group IIA metal silicate. A process for the removal of hydrogen sulfide from a fluid stream that comprises contacting a fluid stream with a novel sorbent. A further feature of this invention includes a novel method for preparing a composition comprising zinc oxide and a Group IIA metal silicate.

Abstract: A composition (being effective for removing chloride ions from liquids) comprises at least one hydrotalcite and 3-6 weight percent of at least one sodium polyphosphate. Preferably, this composition is prepared by a process comprising the step of calcining a mixture of at least one hydrotalcite and 3-6 weight percent of at least one sodium polyphosphate for about 10-20 hours at a temperature of about 370.degree.-480.degree. C.

Abstract: A novel composition comprising zinc oxide and at least one metal phosphate that can be effectively used to remove sulfur compounds from a fluid stream by contacting said fluid stream under suitable absorption conditions with this novel composition. Also, a novel method is described for making a composition comprising mixing with zinc oxide at least one metal phosphate followed by the addition of a dilute acid to form a paste or paste like material having a desired consistency for agglomeration.

Abstract: The composition of this invention is a silicated zinc oxide that comprises a co-gelled mixture comprising zinc oxide and silica. This co-gelled mixture is used as a sorbent for removing sulfur compounds from sulfur containing fluids by contacting such fluids with the sorbent. The composition can be prepared by a silicating process wherein the compositon is manufactured by silicating zinc oxide to form a co-gelled mixture.

Abstract: A novel sorbent comprising zinc oxide and a Group IIA metal silicate. A process for the removal of hydrogen sulfide from a fluid stream that comprises contacting a fluid stream with the novel sorbent. A further feature of this invention includes a novel method for preparing a composition comprising zinc oxide and a Group IIA metal silicate.

Abstract: C.sub.3 and/or C.sub.4 hydrocarbons (in particular propane and butanes) are converted to less saturated hydrocarbons (in particular ethylene and propylene) in the presence of a catalyst consisting essentially of either (a) zinc oxide and manganese oxide or (b) zinc oxide, manganese oxide and calcium oxide. Compositions of matter (a) and (b), as defined above, are provided in accordance with this invention.

Abstract: Trialkyl arsine (in particular trimethyl arsine) is removed from a fluid (e.g. a hydrocarbon-containing gas) by contacting the fluid with a sorbent material comprising (a) a transition metal polysulfide (preferably Fe.sub.2 (S.sub.3).sub.3, and (b) an inorganic support material (preferably alumina).