Abstract: A reflection controller for modifying electromagnetic reflections from a surface includes a conducting patch being positioned proximate to an electromagnetically reflecting surface. The floating conducting patch includes an electrical conductor at a floating potential positioned on a dielectric substrate where at least one of a dielectric thickness, dielectric constant, or the dimensions of the electrical conductor are chosen to reduces retro-reflection of incident radiation.

Abstract: A reflection controller for modifying electromagnetic reflections from a surface includes a conducting patch being positioned proximate to an electromagnetically reflecting surface. The floating conducting patch includes an electrical conductor at a floating potential positioned on a dielectric substrate where at least one of a dielectric thickness, dielectric constant, or the dimensions of the electrical conductor are chosen to reduces retro-reflection of incident radiation.

Abstract: This invention describes a simple method of producing optical singlesideband suppressed-carrier (SSB-SC) modulation. The SSB-SC transmitter is a Mach-Zehnder interferometric modulator followed by an optical filter. The modulator is biased for minimum transmission of the carrier.

Abstract: An electro-optical modulation device comprises a first Mach-Zehnder interferometric modulator. This modulator has balanced optical power in each arm to intensity modulate an optical carrier signal in response to an information signal. The invention also includes a second Mach-Zehnder interferometric modulator that is in a cascade connection with the first modulator and also has balanced optical power in each arm. This second modulator receives the optical carrier signal from the first modulator and also intensity modulates the optical carrier signal in response to the information signal. In another embodiment, the electro-optical modulation device comprises an electro-optical modulator, for intensity modulating an optical carrier in response to an electrical signal, and a reflective termination. The termination reflects the intensity modulated optical carrier signal to travel back through the electro-optical modulator. As a result, the modulation effect of the modulator is effectively-doubled.

Abstract: An electro-optical modulation device comprises a first Mach-Zehnder interferometric modulator. This modulator has balanced optical power in each arm to intensity modulate an optical carrier signal in response to an information signal. The invention also includes a second Mach-Zehnder interferometric modulator that is in a cascade connection with the first modulator and also has balanced optical power in each arm. This second modulator receives the optical carrier signal from the first modulator and also intensity modulates the optical carrier signal in response to the information signal. In another embodiment, the electro-optical modulation device comprises an electro-optical modulator, for intensity modulating an optical carrier in response to an electrical signal, and a reflective termination. The termination reflects the intensity modulated optical carrier signal to travel back through the electro-optical modulator. As a result, the modulation effect of the modulator is effectively doubled.