Abstract: Beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) mixed salts are formulated to induce or sustain ketosis in a subject. The BHB mixed salts provide a biologically balanced set of cationic electrolytes and avoid detrimental health effects associated with imbalanced electrolyte ratios. BHB mixed salt compositions include two, three or four of sodium BHB, potassium BHB, calcium BHB, or magnesium BHB. BHB mixed salt compositions include R-BHB and/or S-BHB, such as enriched with either R-BHB or S-BHB. BHB mixed salt compositions may include BHB mixed salts and beta-hydroxybutyric acid. BHB mixed salts may be provided as or mixed with a dietetically or pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. BHB mixed salt compositions can be a solid, such as a powder, or a liquid, such as a beverage. A mixed salt-acid composition is particularly well-suited for flavored beverages.

Abstract: Ketogenic compositions include a racemic mixture of R- and S-beta-hydroxybutyric acids and a racemic mixture of R- and S-beta-hydroxybutyrate salts. The compositions contain the R-enantiomer to elevate ketone bodies and increase the rate at which ketosis is achieved and yet contain an equivalent amount of the S-enantiomer to provide alternative benefits. The R- and S-beta-hydroxybutyric acids are more rapidly absorbed and utilized by the body than salts or esters, enhance taste, and reduce the need to include citric acid or other edible acids. The R- and S-beta-hydroxybutyrate salts are more slowly absorbed and utilized by the body and can provide one or more electrolytes. The ketogenic composition may contain a dietetically or pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and a racemic mixture of R- and S-beta-hydroxybutyrate salts and acids. The composition contains less than 100% by molar equivalents of total R,S-beta-hydroxybutyrate salts and more than 0% by molar equivalents of R,S-beta-hydroxybutyric acids.

Abstract: Ketogenic compositions including beta-hydroxybutyrate (beta-hydroxybutyrate) and acetoacetate are formulated to induce, promote, or sustain ketosis in a mammal. The combined beta-hydroxybutyrate/acetoacetate compositions include an amount of acetoacetate that limits the reduction in available NAD+ in a subject without causing the formation of excess acetone in the bloodstream. In some aspects a composition for promoting and/or sustaining ketosis in a mammal contains a dietetically or pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and a beta-hydroxybutyrate/acetoacetate mixture of about 5% to about 45% acetoacetate by weight of the mixture and about 55% to about 95% beta-hydroxybutyrate by weight of the mixture.

Abstract: An energy-promoting composition includes a stimulant component such as caffeine, a vasodilator component, an energy source including an exogenous ketone body component, and optionally a nootropic component. The separate components beneficially and synergistically interact with one another enhances the overall energy-promoting effect of the composition more rapidly and to a greater degree than if one or more of the components are omitted. The energy-promoting composition is also formulated to minimize the crash effect common to stimulants such as energy drinks.

Abstract: Beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) mixed salts are formulated to induce or sustain ketosis in a subject. The BHB mixed salts provide a biologically balanced set of cationic electrolytes and avoid detrimental health effects associated with imbalanced electrolyte ratios. BHB mixed salt compositions include two, three or four of sodium BHB, potassium BHB, calcium BHB, or magnesium BHB. BHB mixed salt compositions include R—BHB and/or S-BHB, such as enriched with either R-BHB or S-BHB. BHB mixed salt compositions may include BHB mixed salts and beta-hydroxybutyric acid. BHB mixed salts may be provided as or mixed with a dietetically or pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. BHB mixed salt compositions can be a solid, such as a powder, or a liquid, such as a beverage. A mixed salt-acid composition is particularly well-suited for flavored beverages.

Abstract: An autobiotic composition includes a prebiotic component and postbiotic component. The prebiotic component is a substance resistant to digestion in the stomach and small intestine and selectively fermentable by microorganisms in the large intestine. The postbiotic component is a short-chain fatty acid, such as butyric acid, lactic acid, succinic acid, or salt or ester thereof, such as tributyrin. An autobiotic composition beneficially combines the microbiome-enhancing effects of a prebiotic with the intestinal healing effects of a postbiotic to provide overall benefits to digestive health. A seedbiotic component may form part of or be co-administered with the autobiotic composition. Enzymes may form part of or be co-administered with the autobiotic composition to enhance digestion of the prebiotic in the stomach and intestine and/or increase microbiome health. An exogenous ketone body component may form part of or be co-administered with the autobiotic composition.

Abstract: Ketogenic compositions include a racemic mixture of R- and S-beta-hydroxybutyric acids and a racemic mixture of R- and S-beta-hydroxybutyrate salts. The compositions contain the R-enantiomer to elevate ketone bodies and increase the rate at which ketosis is achieved and yet contain an equivalent amount of the S-enantiomer to provide alternative benefits. The R- and S-beta-hydroxybutyric acids are more rapidly absorbed and utilized by the body than salts or esters, enhance taste, and reduce the need to include citric acid or other edible acids. The R- and S-beta-hydroxybutyrate salts are more slowly absorbed and utilized by the body and can provide one or more electrolytes. The ketogenic composition may contain a dietetically or pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and a racemic mixture of R- and S-beta-hydroxybutyrate salts and acids. The composition contains less than 100% by molar equivalents of total R,S-beta-hydroxybutyrate salts and more than 0% by molar equivalents of R,S-beta-hydroxybutyric acids.

Abstract: Ketogenic compositions including a beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) mixed salt are formulated to induce or sustain ketosis in a subject to which the ketogenic compositions are administered. The BHB mixed salt is formulated to provide a biologically balanced set of cationic electrolytes, and is formulated to avoid detrimental health effects associated with imbalanced electrolyte ratios. A ketogenic composition includes BHB salts of at least sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium. The BHB salts may also include at least other component such as a BHB compound containing other cations, such as transition metal cations (e.g., zinc or iron), a BHB-amino acid salts, medium chain fatty acid source, vitamin D3, flavorant, or other excipient.

Abstract: Ketogenic compositions include a mixture of optically pure S-beta-hydroxybutyrate salts and acid(s) or non-racemic mixture of beta-hydroxybutyrate salts and acid(s) enriched with the S-enantiomer. The S-beta-hydroxybutyrate enantiomer modulates the effect of ketone bodies in the subject and controls the rate at which ketosis is achieved. Beta-hydroxybutyric acid is more rapidly absorbed and utilized by the body than salts or esters, enhances taste, and reduces the need to include citric acid or other edible acids. Beta-hydroxybutyrate salts are more slowly absorbed and utilized by the body and can provide one or more electrolytes. Compositions for controlling ketone body level in a subject may contain a dietetically or pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and optically pure S-beta-hydroxybutyrate or non-racemic mixture enriched with S-beta-hydroxybutyrate, wherein the compositions contains from about 50.5% to 100% by enantiomeric equivalents of S-beta-hydroxybutyrate and from about 49.

Abstract: Ketogenic compositions include a non-racemic mixture of beta-hydroxybutyrate salts and acid(s) enriched with the R-enantiomer. The compositions are enriched with the R-enantiomer to elevate ketone bodies and increase the rate at which ketosis is achieved yet contains an amount of the S-enantiomer to provide alternative benefits. Beta-hydroxybutyric acid is more rapidly absorbed and utilized by the body than salts or esters, enhances taste, and reduces the need to include citric acid or other edible acids. Beta-hydroxybutyrate salts are more slowly absorbed and utilized by the body and can provide one or more electrolytes. Compositions for increasing ketone body level in a subject may contain a dietetically or pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and a non-racemic mixture of R-beta-hydroxybutyrate and S-beta-hydroxybutyrate, wherein the non-racemic mixture of R-beta-hydroxybutyrate and S-beta-hydroxybutyrate contains from about 50.5% to 99.

Abstract: Ketogenic compositions including a plurality of beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) salts and beta-hydroxybutyric acid are formulated to induce or sustain ketosis in a subject to which the ketogenic compositions are administered. The BHB composition is formulated to provide a biologically balanced set of cationic electrolytes, and is formulated to avoid detrimental health effects associated with imbalanced electrolyte ratios. A ketogenic composition includes beta-hydroxybutyric acid and a plurality of BHB salts selected from sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium. The BHB composition may include transition metal cations (e.g., zinc or iron), one or more BHB-amino acid salts, a short-, medium-, or long chain fatty acid source, vitamin D3, flavorant, or other excipient.

Abstract: Ketogenic compositions including a non-racemic mixture of beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) enriched with the S-enantiomer are formulated to control ketone body levels in a subject. The non-racemic mixture of BHB is enriched with the S-enantiomer to modulate the effect of ketone bodies in the subject and control the rate at which ketosis is achieved. In some aspects a composition for controlling ketone body level in a subject contains a dietetically or pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and a non-racemic mixture of S-beta-hydroxybutyrate and R-beta-hydroxybutyrate, wherein the non-racemic mixture contains from about 52% to 99% by enantiomeric equivalents of S-beta-hydroxybutyrate enantiomer and from about 48% to about 1% by enantiomeric equivalents of R-beta-hydroxybutyrate enantiomer.

Abstract: Ketogenic compositions including a non-racemic mixture of beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) enriched with the R-enantiomer are formulated to increase ketone body level in a subject. The non-racemic mixture of BHB is enriched with the R-enantiomer to elevate ketone bodies and increase the rate at which ketosis is achieved yet contains an amount of the S-enantiomer sufficient to provide alternative benefits as discussed herein. In some aspects a composition for increasing ketone body level in a subject contains a dietetically or pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and a non-racemic mixture of R-beta-hydroxybutyrate and S-beta-hydroxybutyrate, wherein the non-racemic mixture of R-beta-hydroxybutyrate and S-beta-hydroxybutyrate contains from about 51% to 99.5% by enantiomeric equivalents of the R-beta-hydroxybutyrate and from about 49% to about 0.5% by enantiomeric equivalents of S-beta-hydroxybutyrate enantiomer.

Abstract: Ketogenic compositions including a non-racemic mixture of beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) enriched with the R-enantiomer are formulated to increase ketone body level in a subject. The non-racemic mixture of BHB is enriched with the R-enantiomer to elevate ketone bodies and increase the rate at which ketosis is achieved yet contains an amount of the S-enantiomer sufficient to provide alternative benefits as discussed herein. In some aspects a composition for increasing ketone body level in a subject contains a dietetically or pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and a non-racemic mixture of R-beta-hydroxybutyrate and S-beta-hydroxybutyrate, wherein the non-racemic mixture of R-beta-hydroxybutyrate and S-beta-hydroxybutyrate contains from about 55% to 98% by enantiomeric equivalents of the R-beta-hydroxybutyrate and from about 45% to about 2% by enantiomeric equivalents of S-beta-hydroxybutyrate enantiomer.

Abstract: Ketogenic compositions including a non-racemic mixture of beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) enriched with the S-enantiomer are formulated to control ketone body levels in a subject. The non-racemic mixture of BHB is enriched with the S-enantiomer to modulate the effect of ketone bodies in the subject and control the rate at which ketosis is achieved. In some aspects a composition for controlling ketone body level in a subject contains a dietetically or pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and a non-racemic mixture of S-beta-hydroxybutyrate and R-beta-hydroxybutyrate, wherein the non-racemic mixture contains from about 52% to 99% by enantiomeric equivalents of S-beta-hydroxybutyrate enantiomer and from about 48% to about 1% by enantiomeric equivalents of R-beta-hydroxybutyrate enantiomer.

Abstract: Ketogenic compositions including a non-racemic mixture of beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) enriched with the R-enantiomer are formulated to increase ketone body level in a subject. The non-racemic mixture of BHB is enriched with the R-enantiomer to elevate ketone bodies and increase the rate at which ketosis is achieved yet contains an amount of the S-enantiomer sufficient to provide alternative benefits as discussed herein. In some aspects a composition for increasing ketone body level in a subject contains a dietetically or pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and a non-racemic mixture of R-beta-hydroxybutyrate and S-beta-hydroxybutyrate, wherein the non-racemic mixture of R-beta-hydroxybutyrate and S-beta-hydroxybutyrate contains from about 55% to 98% by enantiomeric equivalents of the R-beta-hydroxybutyrate and from about 45% to about 2% by enantiomeric equivalents of S-beta-hydroxybutyrate enantiomer.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are “ketonnabidiol” or “ketannabidiol” compositions including a combination of: (1) cannabidiol (CBD) and/or cannabidiolic acid (CBDA); (2) a ketone body component such as beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) and/or acetoacetate; and (3) a dietetically or pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. Also disclosed herein are methods of using such ketonnabidiol compositions for producing desired physiological effects, such as fat loss, in a mammal. The ketonnabidiol compositions beneficially enhance fat loss through ketosis while also reducing the duration and/or severity of unpleasant “keto flu” symptoms typically associated with ketosis.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are “ketannabis” (or “ketonnabis”) compositions including a combination of: (1) tetrahydrocannabinol (THC); (2) a ketone body component such as beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) and/or acetoacetate; and (3) a dietetically or pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. Also disclosed herein are methods of using such ketannabis compositions for producing desired physiological effects. The ketannabis compositions beneficially enhance the euphoric effects of THC without aggravating common side effects or even acting to reduce common side effects such as anxiety, disruption of short-term memory, appetite increases, heart rate increases, and blood pressure changes.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are “ketannabis” (or “ketonnabis”) compositions including a combination of: (1) tetrahydrocannabinol (THC); (2) a ketone body component such as beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) and/or acetoacetate; and (3) a dietetically or pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. Also disclosed herein are methods of using such ketannabis compositions for producing desired physiological effects. The ketannabis compositions beneficially enhance the euphoric effects of THC without aggravating common side effects or even acting to reduce common side effects such as anxiety, disruption of short-term memory, appetite increases, heart rate increases, and blood pressure changes.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are “ketonnabidiol” compositions including a combination of: (1) cannabidiol (CBD) and/or cannabidiolic acid (CBDA); (2) a ketone body component such as beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) and/or acetoacetate; and (3) a dietetically or pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. Also disclosed herein are methods of using such ketonnabidiol compositions for producing desired physiological effects, such as fat loss, in a mammal. The ketonnabidiol compositions beneficially enhance fat loss through ketosis while also reducing the duration and/or severity of unpleasant “keto flu” symptoms typically associated with ketosis.