Abstract: The present disclosure pertains to a system configured to determine sleep stages in a subject based on cardiac artifact information and brain activity information in EEG signals. Cardiac artifacts present in EEG signals can cause erroneous sleep stage determinations which may result in inopportune sensory stimulation during sleep, no stimulation at all, discarding long periods of EEG signal information, and/or other events. The present system enhances real-time sleep stage determinations compared to prior art systems and/or provides other advantages because the present system determines the current sleep stage of the subject based on both cardiac activity information and brain activity information included in the EEG signals.

Abstract: The present disclosure pertains to manipulating electrical activity in the brain of a subject to facilitate wakefulness. The system comprises: a sensory stimulator; a sensor configured to generate output signals conveying information related to brain activity, activity of the central nervous system, and/or activity of the peripheral nervous system of the subject; and a processor configured to: receive a target wake-up moment for the subject; determine one or more activity parameters of the subject during the sleep session; determine whether the one or more activity parameters indicate the subject is in deep sleep a predetermined amount of time before the target wake-up moment; and, responsive to the one or more activity parameters indicating the subject is in deep sleep, cause the one or more sensory stimulators to guide the activity parameters and facilitate/accelerate a transition from deep sleep to light sleep before the target wake-up moment.

Abstract: The present disclosure pertains to a system and method for providing sensory stimulation (e.g., tones and/or other sensory stimulation) during sleep. The delivery of the sensory stimulation is timed based on a combination of output from a trained time dependent sleep stage model and output from minimally obtrusive sleep monitoring devices (e.g. actigraphy devices, radar devices, video actigraphy devices, an under mattress sensor, etc.). The present disclosure describes determining whether a user is in deep sleep based on this information and delivering sensory stimulation responsive to the user being in deep sleep. In some embodiments, the system comprises one or more sensory stimulators, one or more hardware processors, and/or other components.

Abstract: An apparatus and method involve leveraging unobtrusive sleep monitoring technologies, even consumer ones, to predict the phase of a viral infection and is usable for guiding patient treatment and tracking treatment effectiveness. An apparatus and method determine a phase of a viral infection based at least in part upon a data set that is input to an algorithm.

Abstract: The present disclosure pertains to a reference slow wave activity metric determination system. Instead of collecting information during sleep sessions without stimulation (e.g., baseline and/or sham sessions) to determine a reference amount of slow wave activity in a subject, the present system is configured to build a model between stimulation properties and slow wave enhancement, and determine the reference amount of slow wave activity in the subject (e.g., corresponding to what would occur during baseline sleep and/or sham sessions) using the model. Advantageously, this approach does not require performance of baseline and/or sham sleep sessions, and enables personalization of the reference amount of slow wave activity, which dynamically increases its accuracy as more information is collected.

Abstract: The present disclosure pertains to a system configured to deliver sensory stimulation to a user to enhance a target cognitive domain during a sleep session. Example target cognitive domains include memory consolidation, vigilance, verbal fluency, sleepiness, and/or other target cognitive domains. The stimulation is adjusted based on the target cognitive domain to be enhanced. Responsive to one or more brain activity parameters indicating the user is in sufficiently deep sleep, the system is configured to cause one or more sensory stimulators to provide sensory stimulation to the user according to a stimulation strategy associated with the target cognitive domain. The system is configured to determine the effect of the sensory stimulation provided to the user using a quantification method associated with the stimulation strategy and the target cognitive domain. The system includes one or more sensory stimulators, one or more sensors, one or more hardware processors, and/or other components.

Abstract: The present disclosure pertains to a system configured to facilitate prediction of a sleep stage and intervention preparation in advance of the sleep stage's occurrence. The system comprises sensors configured to be placed on a subject and to generate output signals conveying information related to brain activity of the subject; and processors configured to: determine a sample representing the output signals with respect to a first time period of a sleep session; provide the sample to a prediction model at a first time of the sleep session to predict a sleep stage of the subject occurring around a second time; determine intervention information based on the prediction of the sleep stage, the intervention information indicating one or more stimulator parameters related to periheral stimulation; and cause one or more stimulators to provide the intervention to the subject around the second time of the sleep session.

Abstract: A method is provided of generating behavior recommendations for a user, and communicating these to a user by means of a linguistic message, and wherein the recommended behavior or properties of the linguistic message are configured based on a measure of circadian inconsistency for the user. The measure of circadian inconsistency is derived by comparing an expected circadian curve of the user (e.g. an average curve derived from historical data for the user) with an empirical circadian curve for a given day. A deviation between the two provides an indication of the circadian inconsistency for the given day, and this is used to inform content, timing, wording, or other properties of the behavior recommendations.

Abstract: The present disclosure pertains to systems and methods for modeling at least a sleep parameter for a subject. In some embodiments, a method for predicting at least a sleep parameter for a subject comprises: obtaining sleep and/or wake information related to a subject for a given period of time; estimating bedtime and/or wakeup time of the subject using a sleep model and the sleep and/or wake information; predicting at least a sleep parameter of the subject for an upcoming time interval based upon the sleep model and the estimated bedtime and/or wakeup time; obtaining physiological information of the subject; and adjusting the predicted sleep parameter for the upcoming time interval based upon the sleep model and the physiological information.

Abstract: A method of detecting and treating stress in a patient includes receiving in a controller patient information obtained passively from one or more electronic devices associated with the patient; analyzing the patient information with the controller; determining in the controller, from the analyzing of the patient information, a stress-reducing treatment for the patient; and providing the stress-reducing treatment to the patient.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for early detection of dementia overcomes the shortcomings of conventional systems and methods for detecting dementia. This is achieved by providing an apparatus and method for employing an early dementia biomarker based on the response to sensory stimulation during sleep, such as during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for employing the macro- and micro-structure of sleep and similar states of consciousness to optimize pain-treatment are disclosed wherein an objective biomarker of pain-related sleep disturbance guides pain treatment from a sleep perspective. Furthermore, this concept can be extended to states of reduced consciousness such as coma or sedation. Additionally, it could be applied on individuals who are non-communicative due to injury, disease, language issues and/or infancy.

Abstract: The present disclosure pertains to a system and method for delivering sensory stimulation to a user during a sleep session. The system comprises one or more sensors, one or more sensory stimulators, and one or more hardware processors. The processor(s) are configured to: determine one or more brain activity parameters indicative of sleep depth in the user based on output signals from the sensors; cause a neural network to indicate sleep stages predicted to occur at future times for the user during the sleep session; cause the sensory stimulator(s) to provide the sensory stimulation to the user based on the predicted sleep stages over time during the sleep session, and cause the sensory stimulator(s) to modulate a timing and/or intensity of the sensory stimulation based on the one or more brain activity parameters and values output from one or more intermediate layers of the neural network.

Abstract: The present disclosure pertains to systems and methods for delivering sensory stimulation to a subject for facilitating sleep onset. The system comprises one or more sensors for generating output signals indicating one or more physiological parameters of a subject; a sensory stimulator for delivering sensory stimulation to the subject; and one or more physical processors configured to: determine an initial state of the subject based on the output signals from the sensor, the initial state corresponding to at least one physiological parameter of the subject; determine one or more stimulation parameters of sensory stimulation to be delivered to the subject by the sensory stimulator based on the initial state of the subject; and cause the sensory stimulator to deliver the sensory stimulation to the subject based on the determined one or more stimulation parameters.

Abstract: The present disclosure pertains to a system configured to adjust a volume of auditory stimulation delivered to a subject during sleep. The system is configured to determine a deepening time indicative of a rate at which sleep of the subject deepens during the sleep session. The deepening time is determined based on (i) a ratio of power in a high frequency band of an EEG signal to power in a low frequency band, (ii) a density of slow waves, or (iii) a hypnogram, indicative of sleep depth in the subject during the sleep session. The system is configured to determine a rate of volume increase for auditory stimulation during a subsequent sleep session based on the deepening time; and control the one or more sensory stimulators to adjust the volume of auditory stimulation provided to the subject during the subsequent sleep session based on the determined rate of volume increase.

Abstract: The present disclosure pertains to a system for delivering sensory stimulation to a subject, the system comprising: sensors configured to generate output signals indicating physiological parameters of a subject; a sensory stimulator configured to deliver sensory stimulation to the subject; and processors configured to: determine one or more physiological parameters of the subject; determine a target physiological parameter based on the on the determined one or more physiological parameters; determine one or more stimulation parameters of sensory stimulation to be delivered to the subject based on the target physiological parameter and the determined one or more physiological parameters; and cause the sensory stimulator to deliver the sensory stimulation to the subject based on the determined one or more stimulation parameters.

Abstract: The present disclosure pertains to shortening sleep latency during the wake to sleep transition. Sensory stimulation is delivered to a subject by sensory stimulators during a sleep session, and a measure of wakefulness of the subject is determined. The sensory stimulators are controlled based on the measure of wakefulness of the subject. The sensory stimulators may be controlled to modulate an intensity of the sensory stimulation delivered to the subject. For example, the sensory stimulators may decrease the intensity of the sensory stimulation as the measure of wakefulness decreases. The system then determines that the measure of wakefulness has reached stable sleep. The sensory stimulators are controlled based on the determination that the measure of wakefulness has reached stable sleep. The sensory stimulators may decrease the intensity of the sensory stimulation at a faster rate once the measure of wakefulness reaches stable sleep.

Abstract: The present disclosure pertains to delivering sensory stimulation to a subject during a sleep session in order to enhance dream recall. The system may detect REM sleep in the subject during a sleep session based on brain activity of the subject. The system may then deliver sensory stimulation to the subject during the sleep session. The system may deliver sensory stimulation at a frequency in a theta range of an EEG signal in order to increase theta power in the brain activity of the subject. In some embodiments, the system may modulate the intensity of the sensory stimulation according to changes in the EEG theta power associated with the subject during the sleep session. In some embodiments, an increase in EEG theta power associated with the subject may promote dream recall.

Abstract: An apparatus used in a method for generating an ear electroencephalogram (EEG) signal from an ear of a patient includes: a housing; a first electrode provided on a first portion of the housing received within an ear canal of the ear, such that the first electrode is disposed against a first surface of the ear canal to generate a first ear canal signal; a second electrode provided on a second portion of the housing structured to be received within a concha of the ear when the first portion is received within the ear canal, such that the second electrode is disposed against a surface of concha to generate a concha signal; and electronic circuitry provided within the housing, the electronic circuitry being structured and configured to generate a first in ear signal after receiving the first ear canal signal and the concha signal.

Abstract: The present disclosure pertains to enhancement of slow wave activity and personalized measurement thereof. Sensory stimulation may be delivered to a subject upon detection of slow wave activity of the subject. The system may obtain a baseline model, which includes baseline information describing slow wave activity increases due to sensory stimulation delivered to an age matched population. The system may generate a personalized model based on the baseline information, the sensory stimulation delivered to the subject, and slow wave activity increases due to sensory stimulation delivered to the subject during prior sleep sessions. The system may then provide the subject with personalized measurements relating to the slow wave activity enhancement.