Abstract: A method for the selective ethylation of 2-alkoxy-naphthalene compounds at the 6 position of the naphthalene nucleus is disclosed.

Abstract: There is provided a process for the conversion of a feedstream comprising gaseous and/or liquid feed materials to a desired products by means of catalytic distillation employing a catalyst-packing material comprising a rigid, cellular monolith or a rigid, cellular monolith coated with a catalytically-active material.Preferred rigid, cellular monoliths are ceramic honeycomb monoliths.

Abstract: A method for the highly selective production of 2,6-methylethylnaphthalene involving the use of a specific acid catalyst and a highly regeospecific ethylating agent.

Abstract: A method for the highly selective production of a p-alkyltoluene or 4,4'-alkylmethylbiphenyl involving the use of a specific Lewis acid catalyst and a highly regeospecific methylating agent.

Abstract: A method for the highly selective production of a p-alkylethylbenzene or 4,4'-alkylethylbiphenyl involving the use of a Lewis acid or Bronsted acid alkylation catalyst and a highly regiospecific ethylating agent.

Abstract: A catalyzed, continuous vapor phase process to convert a C.sub.2 or higher olefin in combination with methanol to a mixture containing at least one higher molecular weight alcohol, for example, isobutanol, over a magnesium oxide composition. The process also may contain a lower aldehyde and/or ketone in the feed.

Abstract: A regioselective acylation process is provided for coverting a 2-methylnaphthalene compound to a 2-acetyl-6-methylnaphthalene compound. The process is conducted under liquid phase conditions in an acylation inert solvent using a complexing agent which is regiospecific for the beta position of naphthalene and which is a thermally stable nitrohydrocarbon compound. Preferred such agents are nitrobenzene, o-nitrotoluene, and mesitylene. Also provided is a novel method for producing a 2-acetyl-6-methylnaphthalene compound of relatively high purity from isomer mixtures by recrystallization from a hydrocarbon solvent, such as n-octane, isooctane, or n-nonane.

Abstract: A catalyzed, continuous vapor phase process to convert a C.sub.2 or higher alcohol and, optionally, one or more C.sub.1 or higher alcohols, for example methanol and ethanol, to a mixture containing at least one higher molecular weight alcohol, for example, isobutanol, over a catalyst which is essentially magnesium oxide. The process also may have a lower aldehyde and/or ketone in the feed.

Abstract: A regioselective acetylation process is provided for converting a 2-methylnaphthalene compound to a 2-acetyl-6-methylnaphthalene compound. The process is conducted under liquid phase conditions using a new complexing agent which is regiospecific for the beta position of naphthalene and which is an electron-rich, carbon-based compound. A preferred such agent is hexamethylbenzene. Also provided is a novel method for producing a 2-acetyl-6-methylnaphthalene compound of relative high purity from isomer mixtures by recrystallization from a hydrocarbon solvent, such as n-octane, isooctane, or n-nonane.

Abstract: Catalyst and process are disclosed for the improved preparation of alpha, beta-unsaturated acids. The catalyst comprises a porous silica gel component and a Group IA alkali metal component, which is present in an amount of from 200 to 20,000 parts per million and optionally another component such as tin (IV) oxide, and mixtures thereof. The process comprises reacting formaldehyde and an aliphatic carboxylic acid in the presence of said catalyst while maintaining catalyst activity and selectivity during the process by addition of a source of the alkali metal component.

Abstract: Catalyst and process are disclosed for preparation of alpha, beta-unsaturated acids. Catalyst comprises a silica component and a Group IA alkali metal component which is present in an amount of from 200 to 15,000 parts per million, said silica component containing less than about 500 parts per million individually of aluminum, zirconium, titanium, iron and mixtures thereof. Process comprises reacting formaldehyde and a carboxylic acid of the formula RHC.sub.2 COOH wherein R is a member of the class consisting of --H, -alkyl, -aryl, -aralkyl, -cycloalkyl, and -alkylaryl radicals in the presence of said catalyst. Catalyst activity is maintained during process by addition of source of alkali metal component.

Abstract: A method for the highly selective production of 2,6-diethylnaphthalene involving the use of a specific Lewis acid catalyst and a highly regiospecific ethylating agent.

Abstract: Oxybisaniline is prepared in high yield by reacting a hydroxylamine with a polycarboxylic diphenyl ether in the presence of an inorganic acid. The acid groups are directly converted to amine groups. By-products of the reaction are negligible.

Abstract: Esters of carboxylic acids of the formula RCH.sub.2 COOR"' and R'CH:C(R")COOR"' are reacted to form a carboxylic acid and an aliphatic alcohol R"'OH wherein R, R', and R" are individually selected from the group consisting of --H, alkyl moieties of from 1 to 18 carbon atoms and aralkyl moieties, cycloalkyl moieties and alkylaryl moieties of 3 to 18 carbon atoms and R"' is an alkyl moiety of 1 to 18 carbon atoms in the presence of an AMS-1B borosilicate crystalline molecular sieve catalyst under reaction conditions.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for producing an alpha-, beta-ethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acid compound which comprises the aldol-type condensation of a saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acid compound under vapor phase conditions in the presence of a hydrocarbon of 6 to 12 carbon atoms and a solid catalyst.

Abstract: Catalyst and process are disclosed for preparation of alpha, beta-unsaturated acids. Catalyst comprises a silica component and a Group IA alkali metal component which is present in an amount of from 200 to 15,000 parts per million, said silica component containing less than about 500 parts per million individually of aluminum, zirconium, titanium, iron and mixtures thereof. Process comprises reacting formaldehyde and a carboxylic acid of the formula RCH.sub.2 COOH wherein R is a member of the class consisting of -H, -alkyl, -aryl, -aralkyl, -cycloalkyl, and -alkylaryl radicals in the presence of said catalyst. Catalyst activity is maintained during process by addition of source of alkali metal component.

Abstract: Alpha, beta-unsaturated esters are prepared by reaction between dimethylformal and carboxylic acid compounds of the formula RCH.sub.2 COOR' wherein R is a member of the class consisting of --H, -alkyl, -aryl, -aralky, -cycloalkyl, and -alkylaryl radicals, and R' is selected from the group consisting of --H and --CH.sub.3 radicals in the presence of AMS-1B borosilicate crystalline molecular sieve catalyst under reaction conditions.

Abstract: Alpha, beta-unsaturated aldehydes are prepared by reacting formaldehyde and a reactant aldehyde of formula RCH.sub.2 CHO wherein R is a member of the class consisting of -H, -alkyl, -aryl, -aralkyl, -cycloalkyl, and -alkylaryl radicals in the presence of AMS-1B borosilicate crystalline molecular sieve catalyst. Metacrolein is prepared from propionaldehyde and formaldehyde.