Abstract: Spinetoram is selectively produced in excellent yields by hydrogenating a mixture of 3?-O-ethyl spinosyn J and 3?-O-ethyl spinosyn L in a water miscible organic solvent using hydrogen gas and a heterogeneous catalyst.

Abstract: A respiratory breathing circuit prevents heat loss and condensation in a flow of humidified air through a conduit from a humidification system to a patient interface, such as a nasal cannula. The circuit directly impedes heat loss or insulates the flow of a humidified gas therein, and provides a heating source inside the circuit along the length of the circuit to prevent net heat loss from the circuit tubing by providing thermal energy and/or insulation to impede convective, conductive, or radiative heat loss by the gas as it flows through the system. A temperature, humidity, or other flow quality measuring probe is disposed at the distal end of the circuit near the patient interface to actively measure a corresponding quality of the humidified gas flow to provide feedback to the system. A pressure relief valve is provided on the circuit to prevent a pressure build-up and/or structural failure.

Abstract: A respiratory therapy mask assembly comprises a mask configured to be secured on a patient's face, a substantially hollow pipe having an upper end secured in the mask inlet port, a lower end configured to receive a gas inlet pipe adapter, and an angled side pipe extension configured to receive a valved nebulizer adapter assembly, a gas inlet pipe adapter and integral gas inlet pipe secured in the lower end of the hollow pipe, and a valved nebulizer adapter assembly secured in the angled pipe extension and having a reciprocally movable spring-loaded valve biased to close, and a valve actuator configured to cooperate with a nebulizer for opening the spring-loaded valve.

Abstract: 4-Trifluoromethyl-2(1H)-pyridinone is prepared by reaction of 4-alkoxy-1,1,1-trifluorobut-3-en-2-one or 4,4-dialkoxy-1,1,1-trifluorobutan-2-one with a trialkyl phosphonoacetate followed by cyclization.

Abstract: Precision alignment of auxiliary equipment on an aircraft is accomplished by a locating tool for the aircraft inertial reference unit (IRU) attached to the auxiliary equipment mount. Aircraft attitude and heading are obtained using the IRU. The IRU is removed from its avionics tray in the aircraft and installed on the locating tool. The locating tool is connected for remote operation of the IRU and the IRU is operated to obtain attitude and heading. This attitude and heading is then compared to the IRU reading for the attitude and heading of the aircraft.

Abstract: 3-Substituted benzotrifluorides are selectively deprotonated and functionalized in the 2-position. The selectivity is achieved by equilibrating the mixture of lithiobenzotrifluorides initially formed in the presence of a primary or secondary amine catalyst.

Abstract: 2-Amino-5, 8-dimethoxy[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-c]-pyrimidine is prepared from a 5-chloro or 5-methoxy substituted 3-amino-8-methoxy[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-c]-pyrimidine by reaction with methoxide in an alcohol solvent. Both rearrangement and, when the 5-substituent is chloro, methoxy substitution can be accomplished directly.

Abstract: 2-Amino-5,8-dimethoxy[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-c]-pyrimidine is prepared from a 5-chloro or 5-methoxy substituted 3-amino-8-methoxy[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-c]-pyrimidine by reaction with methoxide in an alcohol solvent. Both rearrangement and, when the 5-substituent is chloro, methoxy substitution can be accomplished directly.

Abstract: 3-Substituted benzotrifluorides are selectively deprotonated and functionalized in the 2-position. The selectivity is achieved by equilibrating the mixture of lithiobenzotrifluorides initially formed in the presence of a primary or secondary amine catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a new improved, simplified process for the preparation of halo-4-phenoxyquinolines, whereby thionyl chloride is used as the chlorinating agent to prepare the corresponding chloroquinoline intermediate prior to the final coupling reaction, and a single, inert high boiling polyether solvent is used throughout the entire reaction procedure.

Abstract: A salt of 2-ethoxy-4,6-dihydroxypyrimidine (DHEP) is prepared by contacting a salt of O-ethylisourea with dimethyl malonate in the presence of a methoxide base to form the salt of DHEP. The salt of DHEP can optionally be protonated with an acid to form neutral DHEP. The reaction is typically conducted in a methanol solvent at a temperature less than about 30.degree. C. Typically, the monosodium salt of DHEP is prepared by contacting O-ethylisourea hydrochloride with dimethyl malonate in the presence of sodium methoxide and methanol solvent.

Abstract: The present invention is an integrated process for the production of glass utilizing combustion heat to melt glassmaking materials in a glassmaking furnace. The fuel combusted to produce heat sufficient to melt the glassmaking materials is combusted with oxygen-enriched oxidant to reduce heat losses from the offgas of the glassmaking furnace. The process further reduces heat losses by quenching hot offgas from the glassmaking furnace with a process stream to retain the heat recovered from quench in the glassmaking process with subsequent additional heat recovery by heat exchange of the fuel to the glassmaking furnace, as well as the glassmaking materials, such as batch and cullet. The process includes recovery of a commercially pure carbon dioxide product by separatory means from the cooled, residual offgas from the glassmaking furnace.