Abstract: An exemplary compressor for a turbocharger includes a compressor wheel that includes first and second compressor faces oriented back-to-back and a bore for mounting the compressor wheel to a shaft along a rotational axis of the compressor wheel; and a compressor housing that includes a first air inlet oriented to pass inlet air in an axial direction along the rotational axis to the first compressor face, a second air inlet positioned a distance radially from the rotational axis and oriented to pass inlet air in an axial direction parallel to the rotational axis and radially toward the rotational axis to the second compressor face, and a single volute that receives compressed air from the first and second compressor faces.

Abstract: A housing is incorporated as part of a compressor having blades that impart to a fluid a momentum along a main gas flow direction and a swirl. The housing includes a channel that has at least one channel wall and defines an axis substantially aligned with the main gas flow direction. The channel is configured to duct at least some of the fluid. The channel wall defines an internal cavity that extends axially within the channel wall. A bleed passage connects and provides fluid communication between the channel and the cavity. The channel wall defines a plurality of injection passages providing fluid communication between the cavity and the channel at a location spaced in a direction opposite the main gas flow direction from both the bleed passage and the blades. The injection passages have a portion configured to direct fluid from the cavity into the channel with a component along the main gas flow direction and a component opposed to the swirl.

Abstract: A housing is disclosed for a compressor having a duct defining a main gas flow axis and blades that draw a fluid through the duct. The blades impart to the fluid a momentum along a main gas flow direction and a swirl. The housing includes a volute configured to extend substantially circumferentially around and fluidly communicate with the duct (at a first location). The volute may be configured to direct a fluid portion flowing thereinto from the duct to have a velocity with a component in a first circumferential direction generally aligned with the swirl. The housing may also include at least one conduit, such as a pipe, in fluid communication with the first volute. The conduit may be configured to redirect the fluid portion to have a velocity with a first component along the main gas flow axis in a direction opposite the main gas flow direction and a second component in a second circumferential direction opposite to the first circumferential direction.

Abstract: A centrifugal compressor for compressing a fluid comprises a compressor wheel having a plurality of circumferentially spaced blades, and a compressor housing in which the compressor wheel is mounted. The compressor housing includes an inlet duct through which the fluid enters in an axial direction and is led by the inlet duct into the compressor wheel, and a wheel shroud located radially adjacent the tips of the blades. A bleed port is defined in the wheel shroud at a location intermediate the leading and trailing edges of the blades for bleeding off a bleed portion of the fluid being compressed by the compressor wheel. A converging injection nozzle is defined in the duct wall upstream of the leading edges of the blades for injecting the bleed portion of the fluid back into the main fluid flow stream approaching the compressor wheel.

Abstract: An exemplary compressor for a turbocharger includes a compressor wheel that includes first and second compressor faces oriented back-to-back and a bore for mounting the compressor wheel to a shaft along a rotational axis of the compressor wheel; and a compressor housing that includes a first air inlet oriented to pass inlet air in an axial direction along the rotational axis to the first compressor face, a second air inlet positioned a distance radially from the rotational axis and oriented to pass inlet air in an axial direction parallel to the rotational axis and radially toward the rotational axis to the second compressor face, and a single volute that receives compressed air from the first and second compressor faces.

Abstract: Turbochargers of this invention comprise a turbine housing and a turbine wheel rotatably disposed therein. A center housing is connected to the turbine housing, and a compressor housing is attached to the center housing. A compressor is rotatably disposed within the compressor housing, and comprises two impellers placed in back-to-back orientation. A movable member is disposed within the compressor housing to downstream of the compressor to control the flow of air within the compressor housing. The position of the movable member can be operated to control the amount of pressurized air that is produced by one of the compressor impellers to provide enhanced compressor operating efficiency throughout the operating range and mass flow requirements of the engine.

Abstract: A housing is disclosed for a compressor having a duct defining a main gas flow axis and blades that draw a fluid through the duct. The blades impart to the fluid a momentum along a main gas flow direction and a swirl. The housing includes a volute configured to extend substantially circumferentially around and fluidly communicate with the duct (at a first location). The volute may be configured to direct a fluid portion flowing thereinto from the duct to have a velocity with a component in a first circumferential direction generally aligned with the swirl. The housing may also include at least one conduit, such as a pipe, in fluid communication with the first volute. The conduit may be configured to redirect the fluid portion to have a velocity with a first component along the main gas flow axis in a direction opposite the main gas flow direction and a second component in a second circumferential direction opposite to the first circumferential direction.

Abstract: A housing is incorporated as part of a compressor having blades that impart to a fluid a momentum along a main gas flow direction and a swirl. The housing includes a channel that has at least one channel wall and defines an axis substantially aligned with the main gas flow direction. The channel is configured to duct at least some of the fluid. The channel wall defines an internal cavity that extends axially within the channel wall. A bleed passage connects and provides fluid communication between the channel and the cavity. The channel wall defines a plurality of injection passages providing fluid communication between the cavity and the channel at a location spaced in a direction opposite the main gas flow direction from both the bleed passage and the blades. The injection passages have a portion configured to direct fluid from the cavity into the channel with a component along the main gas flow direction and a component opposed to the swirl.

Abstract: A centrifugal compressor for compressing a fluid comprises a compressor wheel having a plurality of circumferentially spaced blades, and a compressor housing in which the compressor wheel is mounted. The compressor housing includes an inlet duct through which the fluid enters in an axial direction and is led by the inlet duct into the compressor wheel, and a wheel shroud located radially adjacent the tips of the blades. A bleed port is defined in the wheel shroud at a location intermediate the leading and trailing edges of the blades for bleeding off a bleed portion of the fluid being compressed by the compressor wheel. A converging injection nozzle is defined in the duct wall upstream of the leading edges of the blades for injecting the bleed portion of the fluid back into the main fluid flow stream approaching the compressor wheel.

Abstract: A turbocharger, having an axial compressor wheel and an axial turbine wheel mounted on a first shaft supported by a housing, and a radial compressor wheel and a radial turbine wheel mounted on a second shaft, the second shaft concentrically extending around the first shaft and being supported by the housing. The housing defines a first duct extending axially from the exducer of the axial compressor to the inducer of the radial compressor, and a second duct extending axially from the exducer of the radial turbine to the inducer of the axial turbine. A plurality of controllable compressor guide vanes extend through the first duct, and a plurality of controllable turbine stator vanes extend through the second duct. The housing is provided with variable diffuser vanes at the exducer of the radial compressor, and with variable turbine vanes at the inducer of the radial turbine.

Abstract: A turbocharger with a two-stage compressor having first- and second-stage impellers mounted on a common shaft in a back-to-back configuration. The first-stage impeller has a boreless configuration, defining an unthreaded pilot hole receiving an unthreaded end of the shaft so as to establish a coaxial relationship between the impeller and the shaft. The first impeller further defines a hollow cylindrical pilot member that projects from the back of the impeller and is received in a portion of the bore through the second-stage impeller to position the impellers coaxially with each other. The shaft passes through the pilot member and is externally threaded for engaging threads on the inner surface of the pilot member to secure the impellers to the shaft. The bore of the second impeller has a second portion that engages an outer cylindrical surface of the shaft to establish a coaxial relationship between the shaft and impeller.

Abstract: Turbochargers of this invention comprise a turbine housing and a turbine wheel rotatably disposed therein. A center housing is connected to the turbine housing, and a compressor housing is attached to the center housing. A compressor is rotatably disposed within the compressor housing, and comprises two impellers placed in back-to-back orientation. A movable member is disposed within the compressor housing to downstream of the compressor to control the flow of air within the compressor housing. The position of the movable member can be operated to control the amount of pressurized air that is produced by one of the compressor impellers to provide enhanced compressor operating efficiency throughout the operating range and mass flow requirements of the engine.

Abstract: The present invention provides a high efficiency compressor wheel with highly backswept blades, such that the wheel provides optimal efficiency over a wide operating range. The compressor wheel is made of titanium, which provides for an acceptably thin blade thickness while providing a backsweep of more than 50° and improves the aerodynamic flow characteristics within the compressor wheel's flow channels. By providing stable operation at both lower and higher flows allows a compressor to provide stable flow over a wider range of engine operating conditions, thereby accommodating higher engine speeds, torques and boost levels. The internal flow characteristics provided for by the present invention also reduces efficiency losses associated with flow separation and recirculation, which results in improved compressor efficiency.

Abstract: Turbochargers of this invention comprise a turbine housing and a turbine wheel rotatably disposed therein. A center housing is connected to the turbine housing, and a compressor housing is attached to the center housing. A compressor is rotatably disposed within the compressor housing, and comprises two impellers placed in back-to-back orientation. A movable member is disposed within the compressor housing to downstream of the compressor to control the flow of air within the compressor housing. The position of the movable member can be operated to control the amount of pressurized air that is produced by one of the compressor impellers to provide enhanced compressor operating efficiency throughout the operating range and mass flow requirements of the engine.

Abstract: A high-pressure ratio turbocharger of this invention has a two-stage compressor section comprising a first-stage compressor impeller rotatably disposed in a first compressor housing, and a second-stage compressor impeller rotatably disposed in a second-stage compressor housing. The first and second stage compressor impellers are attached to a common shaft, and are positioned within respective compressor housing in a direction facing away from one another. A portion of the second-stage compressor housing is formed from a compressor backplate attached to a turbocharger center housing. A scroll seal is disposed between the first and second-stage compressor housings, and is interposed between the impellers to separate outlet air flow between each respective first and second-stage compressor chamber.

Abstract: Turbochargers of this invention comprise a turbine housing and a turbine wheel rotatably disposed therein. A center housing is connected to the turbine housing, and a compressor housing is attached to the center housing. A compressor is rotatably disposed within the compressor housing, and comprises two impellers placed in back-to-back orientation. A movable member is disposed within the compressor housing to downstream of the compressor to control the flow of air within the compressor housing. The position of the movable member can lo be operated to control the amount of pressurized air that is produced by one of the compressor impellers to provide enhanced compressor operating efficiency throughout the operating range and mass flow requirements of the engine.

Abstract: A compressor includes first-stage and second-stage impellers arranged back-to-back such that fluid is discharged from the first-stage impeller into a generally annular interstage duct that conducts the fluid into the second-stage impeller and the fluid discharged from the second-stage impeller enters into a volute that is arranged generally concentrically within the interstage duct. A discharge duct from the volute passes through the interstage duct at one circumferential location. An array of non-axisymmetric deswirl vanes is arranged upstream of the second-stage impeller. One of the vanes is thick and envelops the discharge duct. The remaining vanes are thinner and are differently configured about the circumference of the vane array to account for the flowfield effects of the thick vane.

Abstract: A compressor includes first-stage and second-stage impellers arranged back-to-back such that fluid is discharged from the first-stage impeller into a generally annular interstage duct that conducts the fluid into the second-stage impeller and the fluid discharged from the second-stage impeller enters into a volute that is arranged generally concentrically within the interstage duct. A discharge duct from the volute passes through the interstage duct at one circumferential location. An array of non-axisymmetric deswirl vanes is arranged upstream of the second-stage impeller. One of the vanes is thick and envelops the discharge duct. The remaining vanes are thinner and are differently configured about the circumference of the vane array to account for the flowfield effects of the thick vane.

Abstract: A high-pressure ratio turbocharger of this invention has a two-stage compressor section comprising a first-stage compressor impeller rotatably disposed in a first compressor housing, and a second-stage compressor impeller rotatably disposed in a second-stage compressor housing. The first and second stage compressor impellers are attached to a common shaft, and are positioned within respective compressor housing in a direction facing away from one another. A portion of the second-stage compressor housing is formed from a compressor backplate attached to a turbocharger center housing. A scroll seal is disposed between the first and second-stage compressor housings, and is interposed between the impellers to separate outlet air flow between each respective first and second-stage compressor chamber.

Abstract: A high-pressure ratio turbocharger of this invention has a two-stage compressor section comprising a first-stage compressor impeller rotatably disposed in a first compressor housing, and a second-stage compressor impeller rotatably disposed in a second compressor housing. The first and second stage compressor impellers are attached to a common shaft, and are positioned within respective compressor housing in a direction facing away from one another. A portion of the second compressor housing is formed from a compressor backplate attached to a turbocharger center housing. A scroll seal is disposed between the first and second compressor housings, and is interposed between the impellers to separate outlet air flow between each respective first and second compressor chamber.