Abstract: A coated ice skate blade includes an ice skate blade having a plurality of sides and a bottom, and a compressive coating applied to the sides of the ice skate blade. Also provided is a method of producing a coated ice skate blade including receiving an ice skate blade having a plurality of sides and an unground bottom, applying a compressive coating to the sides and the bottom of the ice skate blade, and grinding the bottom of the ice skate blade to produce a radius of hollow. Another method includes receiving an ice skate blade having a plurality of sides and a ground bottom, and applying a compressive coating to the sides and the bottom of the ice skate blade.

Abstract: A multi-piece ball bat includes a first section including a hitting portion, and a second section including a handle portion. A flexible joint connects the first section to the second section. The flexible joint may be a structural joint, such as a spring member, a mechanical locking joint, or a pneumatic or hydraulic joint, or it may be a non-uniform and/or non-continuous elastomeric joint.

Abstract: A thin wall tubular bat, particularly for softball, has a constant barrel diameter and an internal tubular insert spaced from the barrel with a shear stress transmitting elastomeric layer sandwiched between the barrel and insert so that the insert reinforces the barrel to reduce denting which would otherwise occur as the elastomer efficiently transfers stress to the insert and stores and releases energy during impact of the bat with a ball.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel compositions comprising porous materials infused with polymers obtained from metathesis reactions, for example ROMP derived polymers and ADMET derived polymers. The invention further relates to cyclic olefin monomer formulations, including ruthenium or osmium carbene metathesis catalysts, useful for the infusion of porous materials. Also disclosed are methods for preparing the porous materials infused with cyclic olefin resin formulations.

Abstract: A thin wall tubular bat, particularly for softball, has a constant barrel diameter and an internal tubular insert spaced from the barrel with a shear stress transmitting elastomeric layer sandwiched between the barrel and insert so that the insert reinforces the barrel to reduce denting which would otherwise occur as the elastomer efficiently transfers stress to the insert and stores and releases energy during impact of the bat with a ball.

Abstract: A governed performance hard shell bat designed to ensure ball exit speed approximating and not exceeding that of a wood bat of comparable weight and geometry is comprised of a thin wall hard shell such as reinforced resin composite or of metal such as aluminum or titanium or alloys thereof filled with light weight semi-rigid material such as a syntactic foam in the hitting area, the bat having longitudinal flexibility approximating that of a similarly shaped wood bat. The filler material has a sectional density and hardness correlated with the thickness of the metal shell wall in the hitting area and may be cast in the thin wall hard shell or it may be pre-formed and subsequently inserted into the shell. The filler has a sectional density in the range of from 10-30 lbs./cu. ft.

Abstract: A flexible skate boot having lower and upper portions made of leather, synthetic leather or similar material is provided with a flexible ankle encircling cuff made of synthetic moldable plastic material capable flexing designed in amounts in the forward and aft and lateral directions to act as an energy storage and release device and without wrinkling so as to minimize discomfort and abrasion on the user's ankle and extend the useful life of the boot. The tongue portion of the boot has a similar molded synthetic flexible panel separating the upper and lower sections of the tongue, the tongue panel being aligned with the flexible ankle encircling cuff which separates the upper and lower parts of the boot from each other. The parts are designed to essentially lock the tongue in the desired frontal position to prevent tongue migration from the desired frontal position during skating.

Abstract: A governed performance metal shell bat designed to ensure ball exit speed approximating and not exceeding that of a wood bat of comparable weight and geometry is comprised of a thin wall metal shell filled such as aluminum or titanium or alloys thereof with light weight semi-rigid material such as a syntactic foam in the hitting area, the bat having longitudinal flexibility approximating that of a similarly shaped wood bat and the filler material having a density and hardness correlated with the thickness of the metal shell wall in the hitting area.

Abstract: A flexible skate boot having lower and upper portions made of leather, synthetic leather or similar material is provided with a flexible ankle encircling cuff made of synthetic moldable plastic material capable flexing designed in amounts in the forward and aft and lateral directions to act as an energy storage and release device and without wrinkling so as to minimize discomfort and abrasion on the user's ankle and extend the useful life of the boot. The tongue portion of the boot has a similar molded synthetic flexible panel separating the upper and lower sections of the tongue, the tongue panel being aligned with the flexible ankle encircling cuff which separates the upper and lower parts of the boot from each other. The parts are designed to essentially lock the tongue in the desired frontal position to prevent tongue migration from the desired frontal position during skating.

Abstract: A governed performance aluminum shell bat designed to ensure ball exit speed approximating and not exceeding that of a wood bat of comparable weight and geometry is comprised of a thin wall aluminum shell filled with syntactic foam in the hitting area, the foam having a density and hardness correlated with the thickness of the bat wall in the hitting area.

Abstract: A light weight high strength bicycle seat post comprised of a metal tube having a pre-stressed, tubular composite core therein, with the core having an exposed end extending from the tube, and method making same are disclosed in which the tube includes a composite core compressively engaged with the interior of the metal tube. The composite core is compressively restrained inside the metal tube by compressive stresses in the order of not less than about twenty thousand pounds per square inch. The composite core is formed of a plurality of layers of carbon fibers in a triaxial arrangement. The method of making the bicycle seat post consists of inserting an uncured composite core into a metal tube and expanding the core into engagement with the metal tube under heat and pressure to cure the composite and establish a light weight high strength bicycle seat post. Accordingly, the article is particularly useful as a bicycle seat post that possess strength, rigidity, and light weight.

Abstract: A two-piece hockey stick shaft and blade joint system employing wax to hold the elements together during play, which may also include provision of a "pre-load" force acting between a shaft socket and blade tennon to increase frictional resistance to separation of the blade and the shaft so as to require a sustained steady pull be applied to separate the elements, the wax being substantially solid at temperatures encountered during play and flowable at elevated temperatures, for example such as might be attained in the shaft to blade connection by application of warmth from the hands or application of water heated sufficiently.

Abstract: A shock attenuating hollow bat including a barrel having a proximal taper segment and a separate handle having a distal tapered segment providing an enlarged shape at the distal end of the handle, the tapered segment of the handle fitting within the proximal taper segment of the barrel, the relative sizes of the enlarged distal end of the handle and the interior of the barrel at its proximal end providing a mechanical interference preventing the barrel from sliding distally off the handle, the barrel and handle elements being joined by an elastomeric isolation union between the inner surface of the barrel taper segment and the outer surface of the handle taper segment to form an integral bat having reduced shock transmission to the hands of a batter in the event of an off-center hit.

Abstract: A hollow metal tube and method making same are disclosed in which the tube includes a reinforcing sleeve compressively engaged with the interior of the tube. The sleeve is formed of carbon fibers in an epoxy matrix. The method of making the tube results in the wall of the tube being compressed against the sleeve, which imparts a high rate of wall recovery if the tube is impacted. Accordingly, the article is particularly useful as a ball bat or other tubular structure which may be subjected to external forces or impact.

Abstract: A cylindrical sliding hockey puck with layers of bristle material attached to first and second ends for use on hard non-ice surfaces is described.

Abstract: An archery arrow nock (10) having a bowstring receiving groove (16) with a string contact point which is offset from the central axis (12) of the arrow to which the nock is to be attached permits the use of a lighter weight less stiff arrow by countering and diminishing the normal bending of the arrowshaft as it is propelled forward by acceleration of the bowstring at the moment of release. The string contact point may be offset either laterally from the plane containing the bowstring and arrow centerline or in this plane away from the arrow centerline.

Abstract: A laminated archery bow limb has a relatively light weight core consisting of a plurality of hollow micro spheres in a matrix of hard synthetic resin and formed as a tapered strip of "syntactic foam" material with relatively thin facing and backing strips of high tensile and compressive strengths and a high rate of recovery glued to opposite sides thereof. In a second form of bow limb construction the core material further includes, in addition to the hollow micro spheres, reinforcing fibres to increase the physical strength thereof.

Abstract: A hollow metal ball bat having a hollow end knob encompassing an enlarged section of a hollow handle portion. The opening of the end knob is smaller than the contained enlarged handle portion, and fits over the smaller cross-section of the handle portion adjacent the enlarged portion. A ring of resilient material is held between the end knob and the enlarged handle portion.

Abstract: A method of attaching a hollow end knob to the handle portion of a hollow ball bat, in which the hollow bat handle portion positioned within the cavity of the hollow end knob is outwardly deformed to a transverse cross-section substantially larger than the cavity opening. The outward deformation is preferably accomplished by applying pressure against the transverse exterior surface of the end knob which in turn bears against the circular end of the hollow bat handle. The interior transverse surface of the end knob may have a circular recess corresponding to the end of the bat handle.A hollow metal ball bat having a hollow end knob encompassing an enlarged section of a hollow handle portion. The opening of the end knob is smaller than the contained enlarged handle portion, and fits over the smaller cross-section of the handle portion adjacent the enlarged portion.