Abstract: Concentrates and method of making concentrates are disclosed. The concentrates may be incorporated into thermoformable articles as a concentrate powder or as a paste. Thermoformable articles, such as fibers, containing the concentrates and methods of making the thermoformable articles are also disclosed.

Abstract: An ozone fade resistant dyed carpet made of dyed sheath/core face fibers has a sheath substantially or completely covering the core. The sheath is composed of a fiber-forming polymer which is inherently chemically compatible and is selected from polymers that are resistant to dye migration and yet inherently chemically compatible with the core polymer. The face fibers are dyed with at least one acid dye, basic dye or disperse dye and resist ozone fading as indicated by a CIEL*a*b* total color difference from the original unexposed sample after at least 3 cycles of ozone fading that is less than one-half of the CIEL*a*b* total color difference seen for a fiber composed substantially completely of said core polyamide component that is dyed with the same dyes. The fibers may be cabled and heatset in which case even more substantial improvement in the ozone fastness is observed.

Abstract: Concentrates and method of making concentrates are disclosed. The concentrates may be incorporated into thermoformable articles as a concentrate powder or as a paste. Thermoformable articles, such as fibers, containing the concentrates and methods of making the thermoformable articles are also disclosed.

Abstract: An ozone fade resistant dyed carpet made of dyed sheath/core face fibers has a sheath substantially or completely covering the core. The sheath is composed of a fiber-forming polymer which is inherently chemically compatible and is selected from polymers that are resistant to dye migration and yet inherently chemically compatible with the core polymer. The face fibers are dyed with at least one acid dye, basic dye or disperse dye and resist ozone fading as indicated by a CIEL*a*b* total color difference from the original unexposed sample after at least 3 cycles of ozone fading that is less than one-half of the CIEL*a*b* total color difference seen for a fiber composed substantially completely of said core polyamide component that is dyed with the same dyes. The fibers may be cabled and heatset in which case even more substantial improvement in the ozone fastness is observed.

Abstract: Dyeable and dyed filaments have a core and a sheath which entirely surrounds the core. The core is formed of a core polymer which is susceptible to dyeing by a dye bath chemical, while the sheath is formed of a sheath polymer which is resistant to dyeing by the dye bath chemical. When the filament is brought into contact with a dye bath containing the dye chemical, the dye chemical in the dye bath will physically diffuse or migrate through the sheath polymer to cause the core polymer to be dyed a color of the dye bath chemical, while the sheath polymer is substantially undyed thereby.

Abstract: Dyeable and dyed filaments have a core and a sheath which entirely surrounds the core. The core is formed of a core polymer which is susceptible to dyeing by a dye bath chemical, while the sheath is formed of a sheath polymer which is resistant to dyeing by the dye bath chemical. When the filament is brought into contact with a dye bath containing the dye chemical, the dye chemical in the dye bath will physically diffuse or migrate through the sheath polymer to cause the core polymer to be dyed a color of the dye bath chemical, while the sheath polymer is substantially undyed thereby.

Abstract: Dyeable and dyed filaments have a core and a sheath which entirely surrounds the core. The core is formed of a core polymer which is susceptible to dyeing by a dye bath chemical, while the sheath is formed of a sheath polymer which is resistant to dyeing by the dye bath chemical. When the filament is brought into contact with a dye bath containing the dye chemical, the dye chemical in the dye bath will physically diffuse or migrate through the sheath polymer to cause the core polymer to be dyed a color of the dye bath chemical, while the sheath polymer is substantially undyed thereby.

Abstract: Polymeric compositions include a nonaqueous additive system having dispersant-coated pigments physically dispersed in a liquid nonaqueous polymeric carrier which may be added directly to a melt flow of a polymeric host material. The additive system employed in the polymeric systems is most preferably in the form of a particulate paste which can be added in metered amounts (dosed) to a melt flow of the polymeric host material prior to being spun into filaments. By providing a number of additive systems having a number of different additive attributes, and controllably dosing one or more into the melt flow of host polymeric material, shaped objects of the polymeric material (e.g., melt-spun filaments) having different additive attributes may be produced on a continuous basis without shutting down the shaping operation.

Abstract: At least two different liquid streams are sub-divided into a dense plurality of individually separated parallel pixels oriented in respective misregistered arrays. Therefore, an individual pixel of one of the liquid stream arrays will be surrounded by pixels of the other liquid stream array. These individual pixel arrays are then bought into contact with one another to form a multi-pixel liquid stream comprised of the misregistered pixel arrays of the two different liquid streams. The “pixelated” liquid stream—that is, the liquid stream containing in cross-section the misregistered pixel arrays of the two different liquid streams—may then be further processed. For example, the pixelated liquid stream may be subjected to further mixing by being directed along a tortuous flow path.

Abstract: Dyeable and dyed filaments have a core and a sheath which entirely surrounds the core. The core is formed of a core polymer which is susceptible to dyeing by a dye bath chemical, while the sheath is formed of a sheath polymer which is resistant to dyeing by the dye bath chemical. When the filament is brought into contact with a dye bath containing the dye chemical, the dye chemical in the dye bath will physically diffuse or migrate through the sheath polymer to cause the core polymer to be dyed a color of the dye bath chemical, while the sheath polymer is substantially undyed thereby.

Abstract: An ozone fade resistant dyed carpet made of dyed sheath/core face fibers has a sheath substantially or completely covering the core. The sheath is composed of a fiber-forming polymer which is inherently chemically compatible and is selected from polymers that are resistant to dye migration and yet inherently chemically compatible with the core polymer. The face fibers are dyed with at least one acid dye, basic dye or disperse dye and resist ozone fading as indicated by a CIEL*a*b* total color difference from the original unexposed sample after at least 3 cycles of ozone fading that is less than one-half of the CIEL*a*b* total color difference seen for a fiber composed substantially completely of said core polyamide component that is dyed with the same dyes. The fibers may be cabled and heatset in which case even more substantial improvement in the ozone fastness is observed.

Abstract: Polymeric compositions include a nonaqueous additive system having dispersant-coated pigments physically dispersed in a liquid nonaqueous polymeric carrier which may be added directly to a melt flow of a polymeric host material. The additive system employed in the polymeric systems is most preferably in the form of a particulate paste which can be added in metered amounts (dosed) to a melt flow of the polymeric host material prior to being spun into filaments. By providing a number of additive systems having a number of different additive attributes, and controllably dosing one or more into the melt flow of host polymeric material, shaped objects of the polymeric material (e.g., melt-spun filaments) having different additive attributes may be produced on a continuous basis without shutting down the shaping operation.

Abstract: A process for producing hollow polyamide filaments having at least one continuous void that adds to a fiber-forming polyamide from about 0.05% to about 5% of a triazine compound prior to extrusion of fiber. The process results in a greater closure of voids and larger void space than when the triazine compound is not used.

Abstract: Dispersible additive systems for polymeric materials include dispersant-coated pigments in a liquid nonaqueous polymeric carrier. The additive systems are most preferably in the form of a particulate nonaqueous paste which can be added in metered amounts (dosed) to a melt flow of the polymeric host material prior to being shaped (for example, prior to being spun into synthetic filaments). By providing a number of additive systems having a number of different additive attributes, and controllably dosing one or more into the melt flow of polymeric material, shaped objects of the polymeric material (e.g., melt-spun filaments) having different additive attributes may be produced on a continuous basis without shutting down the shaping operation.

Abstract: Additives for polymeric compositions are prepared by coating pigment with a dispersant, and thereafter dispersing the dispersant-coated pigment in a liquid nonaqeous polymeric carrier. Preferably, the dispersant-coated pigment is spray-dried. That is, most preferably, an aqueous dispersion of the pigment and dispersant is subjected to a spray-drying operation so as to obtain pigment coated with the dispersant. The dispersant-coated pigment will have an average particle size of about 5 .mu.m or greater, but is capable of breaking apart to average particle sizes of about 1 .mu.m or less when dispersed in a polymeric host material.

Abstract: Methods of continuously producing sequential lengths of different additive-containing melt-spun filaments include continuously supplying a melt-spinnable polymeric host material to orifices of a spinneret and controllably dosing at least one dispersible additive concentrate system containing a pigment in a liquid nonaqueous polymeric carrier to the melt flow of polymeric host material upstream of the spinneret orifices. In such a manner, a first polymeric mixture of the dispersible additive concentrate system and the polymeric host material is obtained which achieves an additive attribute. During a first time interval, the first mixture is extruded through the spinneret orifices; and thereafter, during a second subsequent time interval, the dosing of the at least one dispersible additive is changed so as to form a second mixture having a second additive attribute different from the first additive attribute while continuously supplying the melt flow of polymeric host material to the spinneret orifices.

Abstract: A method for producing halogen-free, antimony-free and phosphorous-free polyamide fibers is described by incorporating an additive into the polyamide which comprises a vulcanizable mixture of silicones and a catalyst in a thermoplastic matrix. The fibers have improved flame retardancy and are used for the manufacture of carpets.

Abstract: A method for producing halogen-free, antimony-free and phorphorous-free polyamide fibers is described by incorporating an additive into the polyamide which comprises a vulcanizable mixture of silicones and a catalyst in a thermoplastic matrix. The fibers have improved flame retardancy and are used for the manufacture of carpets.

Abstract: A method for producing halogen-free, antimony-free and phosphorous-free polyamide fibers is described by incorporating an additive into the polyamide which comprises a vulcanizable mixture of silicones and a catalyst in a thermoplastic matrix. The fibers have improved flame retardancy and are used for the manufacture of carpets.