Patents by Inventor Gary W. Skeels
Gary W. Skeels has filed for patents to protect the following inventions. This listing includes patent applications that are pending as well as patents that have already been granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO).
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Patent number: 5744673Abstract: The present invention relates to a zeolite beta catalyst characterized by critical limits of weak and strong acid species and exceptionally high catalytic activity. The catalyst is activated at a temperature effective to substantially reduce the concentration of strong acid species, i.e., hydronium cations, without substantially reducing the concentration of weak acid species, i.e., hydroxoaluminum cations, preferably following a calcining step wherein a synthesized zeolite beta catalyst containing a templating agent is calcined at a temperature in the range of from about 200.degree. to 1000.degree. C. in order to remove a substantial portion of the catalyst templating agent and an ion-exchanging step wherein the calcined catalyst is ion-exchanged with a salt solution containing at least one hydrogen forming cation selected from NH.sub.4.sup.+ and quaternary ammonium.Type: GrantFiled: December 20, 1996Date of Patent: April 28, 1998Assignee: UOPInventors: Gary W. Skeels, Edith M. Flanigen
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Patent number: 5659099Abstract: The present invention relates to a zeolite beta catalyst characterized by critical limits of weak and strong acid species and exceptionally high catalytic activity. The catalyst is activated at a temperature effective to substantially reduce the concentration of strong acid species, i.e., hydronium cations, without substantially reducing the concentration of weak acid species, i.e., hydroxoaluminum cations, preferably following a calcining step wherein a synthesized zeolite beta catalyst containing a templating agent is calcined at a temperature in the range of from about 200.degree. to 1000.degree. C. in order to remove a substantial portion of the catalyst templating agent and an ion-exchanging step wherein the calcined catalyst is ion-exchanged with a salt solution containing at least one hydrogen forming cation selected from NH.sub.4.sup.+ and quaternary ammonium.Type: GrantFiled: February 28, 1995Date of Patent: August 19, 1997Assignee: UOPInventors: Gary W. Skeels, Edith M. Flanigen
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Patent number: 5518708Abstract: Molecular sieve compositions are prepared by extracting aluminum and substituting chromium and/or tin for extracted aluminum to give molecular sieve products containing framework chromium and/or tin atoms. The process of preparing the chromium and/or tin-containing molecular sieves involves contacting a starting molecular sieve with a solution or slurry of at least one of a fluoro salt of chromium or a fluoro salt of tin under effective process conditions to provide for aluminum extraction and substitution of chromium and/or tin.Type: GrantFiled: November 8, 1994Date of Patent: May 21, 1996Assignee: UOPInventors: Gary W. Skeels, Diane M. Chapman, Edith M. Flanigen
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Patent number: 5401488Abstract: Molecular sieve compositions are prepared by extracting aluminum and substituting chromium and/or tin for extracted aluminum to give molecular sieve products containing framework chromium and/or tin atoms. The process of preparing the chromium and/or tin-containing molecular sieves involves contacting a starting molecular sieve with a solution or slurry of at least one of a fluoro salt of chromium or a fluoro salt of tin under effective process conditions to provide for aluminum extraction and substitution of chromium and/or tin.Type: GrantFiled: June 26, 1992Date of Patent: March 28, 1995Assignee: UOPInventors: Gary W. Skeels, Diane M. Chapman, Edith M. Flanigen
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Patent number: 5393718Abstract: The present invention relates to a zeolite beta catalyst characterized by critical limits of weak and strong acid species and exceptionally high catalytic activity. The catalyst is activated at a temperature effective to substantially reduce the concentration of strong acid species, i.e., hydronium cations, without substantially reducing the concentration of weak acid species, i.e., hydroxoaluminum cations, preferably following a calcining step wherein a synthesized zeolite beta catalyst containing a templating agent is calcined at a temperature in the range of from about 200.degree. to 1000.degree. C. in order to remove a substantial portion of the catalyst templating agent and an ion-exchanging step wherein the calcined catalyst is ion-exchanged with a salt solution containing at least one hydrogen forming cation selected from NH.sub.4.sup.+ and quaternary ammonium. Conversion processes utilizing the catalyst of the invention also are disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: July 26, 1993Date of Patent: February 28, 1995Assignee: UOPInventors: Gary W. Skeels, Edith M. Flanigen
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Patent number: 5366616Abstract: This invention relates to hydrocarbon conversion processes using novel molecular sieve compositions as the catalyst. These molecular sieves contain chromium in the framework structure along with aluminum and silicon. The process of preparing the chromium-containing molecular sieves involves contacting a starting molecular sieve with a solution or slurry of a fluoro salt of chromium under effective process conditions to provide for aluminum extraction and substitution of chromium.Type: GrantFiled: November 24, 1992Date of Patent: November 22, 1994Assignee: UOPInventors: Gary W. Skeels, Diane M. Chapman, Edith M. Flanigen
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Patent number: 5271761Abstract: This invention relates to molecular sieve compositions and processes for using the molecular sieves. The molecular sieves have a three-dimensional microporous crystalline framework structure of tetrahedral oxide units of AlO.sub.2, SiO.sub.2, TiO.sub.2 and/or FeO.sub.2. These molecular sieves can be prepared by contacting a starting zeolite with a solution or slurry of a fluoro salt of titanium and/or iron under effective process conditions to extract aluminum from the zeolite framework and substitute titanium and/or iron. The molecular sieves can be used as catalysts in hydrocarbon conversion processes and other processes.Type: GrantFiled: September 30, 1992Date of Patent: December 21, 1993Assignee: UOPInventors: Gary W. Skeels, Richard Ramos
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Patent number: 5262141Abstract: Silicon is inserted into the crystal lattice of zeolites containing defect sites by reaction with SiCl.sub.4 in the presence of oxygen. It has been found that by initially dehydrating the starting zeolite and removing the hydroxyl groups existing in the crystal defect sites, the generation of HCl from the SiCl.sub.4 reagent is avoided along with the undesirable aluminum hydrolysis reactions between the HCl thus-generated and the zeolite framework. The prior dehydration and dehydroxylation makes the presence of oxygen essential to the silicon insertion.Type: GrantFiled: December 21, 1992Date of Patent: November 16, 1993Assignee: UOPInventor: Gary W. Skeels
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Patent number: 5258570Abstract: The present invention relates to a zeolite beta catalyst characterized by critical limits of weak and strong acid species and exceptionally high catalytic activity. The catalyst is activated at a temperature effective to substantially reduce the concentration of strong acid species, i.e., hydronium cations, without substantially reducing the concentration of weak acid species, i.e., hydroxoaluminum cations, preferably following a calcining step wherein a synthesized zeolite beta catalyst containing a templating agent is calcined at a temperature in the range of from about 200.degree. to 1000.degree. C. in order to remove a substantial portion of the catalyst templating agent and an ion-exchanging step wherein the calcined catalyst is ion-exchanged with a salt solution containing at least one hydrogen forming cation selected from NH.sub.4.sup.+ and quaternary ammonium. Conversion processes utilizing the catalyst of the invention also are disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: September 30, 1991Date of Patent: November 2, 1993Assignee: UOPInventors: Gary W. Skeels, Edith M. Flanigen
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Patent number: 5248491Abstract: A novel aluminosilicate zeolite molecular sieve, denominated LZ-276, having effective pore diameters in the small to medium size range and possibly being topologically related to zeolite Phi, is synthesized hydrothermally in the TEAOH-Na.sub.2 O--SiO.sub.2 --Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 --H.sub.2 O system at a temperature of from 100.degree. C. to 150.degree. C.Type: GrantFiled: December 20, 1991Date of Patent: September 28, 1993Assignee: UOPInventors: Gary W. Skeels, Marilyn R. Sears
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Patent number: 5208197Abstract: The combination of a steam-stabilized form of zeolite Y, known in the art as Y-85, and a form of zeolite beta which has been modified to maximize the weak acid sites and minimize the strong acid sites, is found to be a uniquely effective acidic component of a hydrocracking catalyst for the production of gasoline. Both the catalyst composition and the hydrocracking process utilizing the catalyst are disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: May 19, 1992Date of Patent: May 4, 1993Assignee: UOPInventors: James G. Vassilakis, Donald F. Best, Gary W. Skeels, Edith M. Flanigen
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Patent number: 5192522Abstract: A novel aluminosilicate zeolite, denominated LZ-277 is synthesized hydrothermally from aqueous gels in the Na.sub.2 O--Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 --SiO.sub.2 system and in the absence of an organic templating agent. The as-synthesized LZ-277 has a chemical composition on an anhydrous basis expressed in terms of molar oxide ratios of:1.0.+-.0.1 Na.sub.2 O:Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 :3-15 SiO.sub.2and has a low adsorptive capacity for SF.sub.6 compared with the prior known, and possibly topologically related, zeolite Phi.Type: GrantFiled: November 26, 1991Date of Patent: March 9, 1993Assignee: UOPInventors: Gary W. Skeels, Marilyn R. Sears
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Patent number: 5186918Abstract: Molecular sieve compositions are prepared by extracting aluminum and substituting chromium and/or tin for extracted aluminum to give molecular sieve products containing framework chromium and/or tin atoms. The process of preparing the chromium and/or tin-containing molecular sieves invovles contacting a starting molecular sieve with a solution or slurry of at least one of a fluoro salt of chromium or a fluoro salt of tin under effective process conditions to provide for aluminum extraction and substitution of chromium and/or tin. These compositions are effective as hydrocarbon conversion catalysts and for separating mixtures of molecular species.Type: GrantFiled: January 25, 1991Date of Patent: February 16, 1993Assignee: UOPInventors: Gary W. Skeels, Diane M. Chapman, Edith M. Flanigen
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Patent number: 5176817Abstract: This invention relates to molecular sieve compositions and processes for using the molecular sieves. The molecular sieves have a three-dimensional microporous crystalline framework structure of tetrahedral oxide units of AlO.sub.2, SiO.sub.2, TiO.sub.2 and/or FeO.sub.2. These molecular sieves can be prepared by contacting a starting zeolite with a solution or slurry of a fluoro salt of titanium and/or iron under effective process conditions to extract aluminum from the zeolite framework and substitute titanium and/or iron. The molecular sieves can be used as catalysts in hydrocarbon conversion processes and other processes.Type: GrantFiled: December 16, 1991Date of Patent: January 5, 1993Assignee: UOPInventors: Gary W. Skeels, Richard Ramos
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Patent number: 5160033Abstract: The combination of a steam-stabilized form of zeolite Y, known in the art as Y-85, and a form of zeolite beta which has been modified to maximize the weak acid sites and minimize the strong acid sites, is found to be a uniquely effective acidic component of a hydrocracking catalyst for the production of gasoline. Both the catalyst composition and the hydrocracking process utilizing the catalyst are disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: May 1, 1991Date of Patent: November 3, 1992Assignee: UOPInventors: James G. Vassilakis, Donald F. Best, Gary W. Skeels, Edith M. Flanigen
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Patent number: 5116794Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for enhancing at least one catalytic property of a crystalline microporous three-dimensional solid catalyst having the structure and composition of zeolite beta for use in hydrocarbon conversion processes. An essential step in the methods of the present invention comprises activating the catalyst which had previously been calcined and subjected to ion-exchange with a hydrogen-forming cation by heating in air or in inert atmosphere at a temperature of from about 575.degree.-657.degree. C. and for a period of time sufficient to enhance at least one catalytic property of the catalyst for use in the hydrocarbon conversion process. Typical of the enhanced catalytic properties which can be achieved in accordance with the present invention are catalytic activity and catalytic selectivity.Type: GrantFiled: June 21, 1990Date of Patent: May 26, 1992Assignee: UOPInventors: Gary W. Skeels, Edith M. Flanigen
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Patent number: 5100644Abstract: The removal of aluminum and silicon atoms from the framework of crystalline zeolites and the reinsertion of at least some of the removed silicon atoms into the sites vacated by extracted aluminum atoms is accomplished by the process of contacting the zeolite with an aqueous solution of a bifluoride salt, preferably ammonium bifluoride. The treated zeolites have higher crystal destruction temperatures than their precursor starting zeolites.Type: GrantFiled: December 14, 1990Date of Patent: March 31, 1992Assignee: UOPInventors: Gary W. Skeels, Diane M. Chapman-Snyder, Edith M. Flanigen
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Patent number: 5098687Abstract: This invention relates to molecular sieve compositions and processes for using the molecular sieves. The molecular sieves have a three-dimensional microporous crystalline framework structure of tetrahedral oxide units of AlO.sub.2, SiO.sub.2, TiO.sub.2 and/or FeO.sub.2. These molecular sieves can be prepared by contacting a starting zeolite with a solution or slurry of a fluoro salt of titanium and/or iron under effective process conditions to extract aluminum from the zeolite framework and substitute titanium and/or iron. The molecular sieves can be used as catalysts in hydrocarbon conversion processes and other processes.Type: GrantFiled: July 23, 1990Date of Patent: March 24, 1992Assignee: UOPInventors: Gary W. Skeels, Richard Ramos
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Patent number: 5095169Abstract: The present invention relates to processes for isomerizing normal paraffin hydrocarbons to produce products containing non-normal hydrocarbons using a zeolite beta catalyst that has been activated in order to enhance its catalytic properties. In accordance with the present invention, the zeolite beta catalyst is activated at a temperature effective to substantially reduce the concentration of strong acid species, i.e., hydronium cations, without substantially reducing the concentration of weak acid species, i.e., hydroxoaluminum cations, both of said strong acid species and weak acid species being initially present on the catalyst prior to activation. In addition, the isomerization step is preferably conducted at a temperature at least 300.degree. C. lower than the activation temperature.Type: GrantFiled: October 11, 1990Date of Patent: March 10, 1992Assignee: UOPInventors: Gary W. Skeels, Edith M. Flanigen
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Patent number: 4996034Abstract: In the process for inserting extraneous silicon atoms into lattice sites of zeolite crystals from which aluminum atoms have been extracted, it has been found that the use of more concentrated fluorosilicate salt solutions and shorter contact times between the zeolite crystals and the salt solution than heretofore proposed, enables the production of more highly siliceous products with less defect structure. Advantageously the zeolite crystals are contacted with the concentrated fluorosilicate salt solution in a stepwise manner with the crystals being washed to remove fluoride ions between each contact with the salt solution.Type: GrantFiled: December 22, 1989Date of Patent: February 26, 1991Assignee: UOPInventor: Gary W. Skeels