Abstract: Aspects of the present invention are directed to working fluids and their use in processes wherein the working fluids comprise compounds having the structure of formula (I): wherein R1, R2, R3, and R4 are each independently selected from the group consisting of: H, F, Cl, Br, and C1-C6 alkyl, at least C6 aryl, at least C3 cycloalkyl, and C6-C15 alkylaryl optionally substituted with at least one F, Cl, or Br, wherein formula (I) contains at least one F and at least one Cl or Br, provided that if any R is Br, then the compound does not have hydrogen. The working fluids are useful in Rankine cycle systems for efficiently converting waste heat generated from industrial processes, such as electric power generation from fuel cells, into mechanical energy or further to electric power. The working fluids of the invention are also useful in equipment employing other thermal energy conversion processes and cycles.

Abstract: Aspects of the present invention are directed to working fluids and their use in processes wherein the working fluids comprise compounds having the structure of formula (I): wherein R1, R2, R3, and R4 are each independently selected from the group consisting of: H, F, Cl, Br, and C1-C6 alkyl, at least C6 aryl, at least C3 cycloalkyl, and C6-C15 alkylaryl optionally substituted with at least one F, Cl, or Br, wherein formula (I) contains at least one F and at least one Cl or Br, provided that if any R is Br, then the compound does not have hydrogen. The working fluids are useful in Rankine cycle systems for efficiently converting waste heat generated from industrial processes, such as electric power generation from fuel cells, into mechanical energy or further to electric power. The working fluids of the invention are also useful in equipment employing other thermal energy conversion processes and cycles.

Abstract: The invention provides solvent and cleaning compositions comprising an ionic surfactant, which preferably has a fluorinated portion thereof, and a solvent selected from hydrofluoro- and/or hydrochlorofluoro-olefins. Additionally, the invention provides drying, dry cleaning, and soil repellency compositions containing a hydrofluoro- or hydrochlorofluoro-olefin and said surfactant. Additionally, the invention provides drying compositions containing a hydrofluoro-olefin or hydrochlorofluoro-olefin and an alcohol such as methanol, ethanol or isopropanol.

Abstract: Provided is a composition comprising (a) at least one halogenated compound selected from the group consisting of C3-C5 hydrofluoroolefin, CF3I, and combinations thereof, and (b) an effective stabilizing amount of a sesquiterpene selected from the group consisting of farnesol, farnesene, and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: The invention provides solvent and cleaning compositions comprising an ionic surfactant, which preferably has a fluorinated portion thereof, and a solvent selected from hydrofluoro- and/or hydrochlorofluoro-olefins. Additionally, the invention provides drying, dry cleaning, and soil repellency compositions containing a hydrofluoro- or hydrochlorofluoro-olefin and said surfactant. Additionally, the invention provides drying compositions containing a hydrofluoro-olefin or hydrochlorofluoro-olefin and an alcohol such as methanol, ethanol or isopropanol.

Abstract: Aspects of the present invention are directed to working fluids and their use in processes wherein the working fluids comprise compounds having the structure of formula (I): wherein R1, R2, R3, and R4 are each independently selected from the group consisting of: H, F, Cl, Br, and C1-C6 alkyl, at least C6 aryl, at least C3 cycloalkyl, and C6-C15 alkylaryl optionally substituted with at least one F, Cl, or Br, wherein formula (I) contains at least one F and at least one Cl or Br, provided that if any R is Br, then the compound does not have hydrogen. The working fluids are useful in Rankine cycle systems for efficiently converting waste heat generated from industrial processes, such as electric power generation from fuel cells, into mechanical energy or further to electric power. The working fluids of the invention are also useful in equipment employing other thermal energy conversion processes and cycles.

Abstract: Provided is a composition comprising (a) at least one halogenated compound selected from the group consisting of C3-C5 hydrofluoroolefin, CF3I, and combinations thereof, and (b) an effective stabilizing amount of a sesquiterpene selected from the group consisting of farnesol, farnesene, and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: The invention pertains to heat transfer compositions, particularly to automobile refrigerants comprising a hydrofluoroalkene, an iodocarbon, a lubricant and a metal stabilizer.

Abstract: A method for removing iodine and iodide ions from heat transfer compositions which contain a hydrofluoroalkene, an iodocarbon, and iodine and iodide ions. Iodine and iodide ions from such heat transfer compositions by contacting the composition with a molecular sieve, ion exchange resin, clay or alumina, metal impregnated with a metal which is capable of reacting with iodine and iodide ions.

Abstract: A method for removing iodine from heat transfer compositions which contain a hydrofluoroalkene, an iodocarbon, and iodine. Iodine from such heat transfer compositions by contacting the composition with activated carbon.

Abstract: A process for recovering waste heat which comprises: (a) passing a liquid phase working fluid through a heat exchanger in communication with a process which produces the waste heat; (b) removing a vapor phase working fluid from the heat exchanger; (c) passing the vapor phase working fluid to an expander, wherein the waste heat is converted into mechanical energy; and (d) passing the vapor phase working fluid from the expander to a condenser, wherein the vapor phase working fluid is condensed to the liquid phase working fluid. The preferred working fluid is an organic Rankine cycle system working fluid comprising compounds having the following general structure: where x, y, z, and m are each selected from the group consisting of: fluorine, hydrogen, Rf, and R, wherein R and Rf are each an alkyl, aryl, or alkylaryl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and wherein Rf is partially or fully fluorinated.

Abstract: Polyfluorinated ethers and polyfluorinated ketones and mixtures thereof, preferably polyfluorinated ethers such as methyl(trifluoroethyl)ether (CH3OCH2CF3), methyl(heptafluoropropyl)ether (CH3OCF2CHFCF3), di(trifluoroethyl)ether (CF3CH2OCH2CF3), methyl(hexafluoropropyl)ether (CH3OCF2CF2CHF2), methyl(pentafluoropropyl)ether (CH3OCH2CF2CF3), methyl (perfluorobutyl)ether (C4F9OCH3), ethyl(perfluorobutyl)ether (C4F9OC2H5), and polyfluorinated ketones such as methyl(perfluoromethyl)ketone (CF3COCH3), perfluoromethyl(trifluoroethyl)ketone (CF3CH2COCF3), methyl(perfluooroethyl)ketone (C2F5COCH3), methyl(perfluoropropyl)ketone (F3CF2CF2COCH3), perfluoroethyl(perfluoropropyl)ketone (CF3CF2CF2COC2F5), methyl(octafluorobutyl)ketone (C2F5CFHCF2COCH3), di(perfluoropropyl)ketone (CF3CF2CF2COCF2CF2CF3), and mixtures thereof meet the requirement for not adversely affect atmospheric chemistry and would be a negligible contributor to ozone depletion and to green-house global warming in comparison to the fully halogenated hydro

Abstract: A method of detecting a leakage of a chemical from a closed system into the environment and/or revealing the location of the leakage is provided. The method includes the steps of: placing a test strip in close proximity of or in direct contact with a suspected leak in the closed system, the test strip including a support material and a color forming composition disposed on the support material, the color forming composition including a dye precursor encapsulated in a microcapsule, a developer and optionally a filler; and detecting development of a color on the test strip in response to contact of the microcapsule with the chemical thereby indicating the presence of and/or the revealing the location of the leak.

Abstract: An optical device comprising a polymer comprising at least one repeating unit derived from a compound of the following formula: