Abstract: An electrostatic speaker system including at least one electrostatic speaker element having a pair of stators and a diaphragm therebetween, each of the stators and the diaphragm having an least one electrically conductive portion. The conductive portion of the diaphragm is patterned as a mesh, which may include gaps, and a conforming layer overlying the conducting portion of the diaphragm and disposed so as to cover gaps in the mesh. A speaker drive circuit provides soft clipping of the audio input signal so that the audio signal applied between the diaphragm and the stators does not exceed the maximum acceptable level that can be applied between the diaphragm and the stators of at least one speaker element.

Abstract: An electrostatic loudspeaker (ESL) system includes a damping screen adjacent an outside surface of at least one of its stators to reduce distortion of acoustic output rendered by the loudspeaker's diaphragm, including effects of resonance of the diaphragm. A resilient excursion limiter placed adjacent an inside surface of at least one of the stators prevents contact of the diaphragm with the stator. A conductive portion of the diaphragm is printed with a conductive ink layer that includes conductive nanofibers. The loudspeaker system includes a dipole-radiating ESL element, an unbaffled or partially baffled dynamic loudspeaker and a baffled monopole-radiating dynamic loudspeaker (subwoofer), all essentially co-planar. The unbaffled or partially baffled dynamic loudspeaker provides a smooth transition in sound between the dipole-radiating ESL element and the monopole-radiating subwoofer.

Abstract: Embodiments of an electrostatic loudspeaker utilize first and second stators and a diaphragm disposed therebetween, each of the stators and the diaphragm having an electrically conductive portion, wherein the conductive portions of the first stators are electrically coupled to each other; the conductive portions of the second stators are electrically coupled to each other; and the conductive portions of the diaphragms are electrically isolated from each other. The first stators and the second stators may be realized by common first and second stators may be mounted obliquely with respect to one another, so as to achieve differentially greater spacing between stators of the first one of the speaker elements than between stators of the second one of the speaker elements. Protective circuitry is also provided.

Abstract: An electrostatic speaker system including at least one electrostatic speaker element having a pair of stators and a diaphragm therebetween, each of the stators and the diaphragm having an least one electrically conductive portion. The conductive portion of the diaphragm is patterned as a mesh, which may include gaps, and a conforming layer overlying the conducting portion of the diaphragm and disposed so as to cover gaps in the mesh. A speaker drive circuit provides soft clipping of the audio input signal so that the audio signal applied between the diaphragm and the stators does not exceed the maximum acceptable level that can be applied between the diaphragm and the stators of at least one speaker element.

Abstract: Embodiments of an electrostatic loudspeaker utilize first and second stators and a diaphragm disposed therebetween, each of the stators and the diaphragm having an electrically conductive portion, wherein the conductive portions of the first stators are electrically coupled to each other; the conductive portions of the second stators are electrically coupled to each other; and the conductive portions of the diaphragms are electrically isolated from each other. The first stators and the second stators may be realized by common first and second stators may be mounted obliquely with respect to one another, so as to achieve differentially greater spacing between stators of the first one of the speaker elements than between stators of the second one of the speaker elements. Protective circuitry is also provided.