Abstract: A complex spatial light modulator includes a polarization-phase modulator for separating an incident beam into a first beam having a first polarization and a first phase, and a second beam having a second polarization and a second phase, and for outputting the first beam and the second beam; and a beam synthesizer including a prism structure formed of an optical anisotropic material having a first refractive index with respect to the first beam having the first polarization and having a second refractive index, different form the first refractive index, with respect to the second beam having the second polarization, where the beam synthesizer combines the first beam and the second beam.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for outputting view images by tracking a gaze of a user are provided. The image processing apparatus estimates movement of a gaze of a user using a camera, and determines an output order of view images according to the gaze movement.

Abstract: A complex spatial light modulator and a three-dimensional (3D) image display apparatus including the complex spatial light modulator are provided. The complex spatial light modulator includes: a spatial light modulator that modulates a phase of light; a prism array including a plurality of prism units, each of the plurality of prism units including a first prism surface and second prism surface, where light from the spatial light modulator is incident on the prism array; and a polarization-independent diffracting element that diffracts light that has passed through the prism array.

Abstract: A complex spatial light modulator for modulating a phase and amplitude of a light beam and a 3-dimensional (3D) display including the same are provided. The complex spatial light modulator includes a spatial light modulator modulating a phase of a light beam, a lenticular lens array disposed next to the spatial light modulator, and a volume holographic lens array spaced apart from the lenticular lens array and allowing light beams output from the lenticular lens array to be superimposed and to interfere with each other, and so that the phase and an amplitude of the light beam are simultaneously modulated.

Abstract: A depth adjusting method and apparatus is described. The depth adjusting method and apparatus may calculate an average depth value of objects based on a spatial feature of an image, may adjust a depth of the image based on the calculated average value, and may adjust a depth of the image according to a difference in depth between a current frame and a previous frame, based on a temporal feature of the image.

Abstract: An illumination unit is provided including a coherent light source; a projection optical element which focuses a light beam emitted from the coherent light source onto a focal plane; and a holographic optical element interposed between the coherent light source and the projection optical element, and having an interference pattern formed thereon. The holographic optical element diffracts the light beam emitted from the coherent light source and emits the diffracted light to the projection optical element. Here, the interference pattern on the holographic optical element may have information that diffracts the light beam and thereby cancels a diffraction of the light beam due to an aberration of the projection optical element.

Abstract: A method of printing a holographic 3D image is provided. The method includes forming sub-voxels on a hologram recording material, the sub-voxels including one or more colors.

Abstract: Provided are a complex spatial light modulator and a three-dimensional image display device including the same. The complex spatial light modulator includes: a spatial light modulator for modulating a phase of light; a prism array disposed next to the spatial light modulator; and a polarization-independent diffractive element for diffracting light that has passed through the prism array. The complex spatial light modulator may modulate both phase and amplitude of light.

Abstract: A two dimensional/three dimensional (2D/3D) switchable autostereoscopic display apparatus and method to selectively display a 2D image and a 3D image using two displays and a convertible lens. When outputting the 2D image, the 2D/3D switchable autostereoscopic display apparatus may control a first display to output a white image/white light, control a second display to output an image, and control an electrical diffuser lens of the convertible lens to be switched off and the white image to be diffused so as to operate as a backlight. When outputting the 3D image, the 2D/3D switchable autostereoscopic display apparatus may control the first display to output an image, control the second display to be switched off to be in a transparent state, control the electrical diffuser lens of the convertible lens to be switched on to be in the transparent state, and control the lenticular lens to output the 3D image.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for outputting view images by tracking a gaze of a user are provided. The image processing apparatus estimates movement of a gaze of a user using a camera, and determines an output order of view images according to the gaze movement.

Abstract: A depth adjusting method and apparatus is described. The depth adjusting method and apparatus may calculate an average depth value of objects based on a spatial feature of an image, may adjust a depth of the image based on the calculated average value, and may adjust a depth of the image according to a difference in depth between a current frame and a previous frame, based on a temporal feature of the image.

Abstract: Provided are a complex spatial light modulator and a three-dimensional (3D) image display including the same. The complex spatial light modulator includes a spatial light modulator configured to modulate a phase of a light beam, a prism array disposed after the spatial light modulator and including an array of prism portions each having a first prism surface and a second prism surface, and a diffractive device configured to diffract a light beam that has passed through the prism array. Accordingly, both the phase and amplitude of the light beam may be modulated.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for outputting view images by tracking a gaze of a user are provided. The image processing apparatus estimates movement of a gaze of a user using a camera, and determines an output order of view images according to the gaze movement.

Abstract: A three-dimensional (3D) display device and method using a directional light field is provided. The 3D display device may construct a light field using a direction light generated by a high speed projector and at least one rotating optical device to thereby display a more natural 3D image in a wide region.

Abstract: A rendering apparatus and method in a light field display may determine positions of eyes of a user, may determine a subpixel emitting a ray that enters the eyes, based on the positions of the eyes, among a plurality of subpixels forming a three-dimensional (3D) pixel, and may display a stereoscopic image on the light field display based on a pixel value of the determined subpixel.

Abstract: A holographic three-dimensional (3D) printing apparatus and a method of driving the same are provided. The holographic 3D printing apparatus includes a light source configured to emit a beam, a beam splitting and expanding unit configured to split the emitted beam into a reference beam and a signal beam and expand the signal beam, an illumination unit configured to extract the expanded signal beam and collimate the extracted signal beam, a spatial light modulator (SLM) configured to modulate the collimated signal beam, an objective lens unit configured to emit the modulated signal beam to a holographic recording medium, and a reference beam forming unit configured to emit the reference beam to the holographic recording medium.

Abstract: Example embodiments of a display system and method using a hybrid user tracking sensor are described. The display system may determine a final location of a user based on information of a face or eyes of a user generated based on information received from a plurality of cameras and posture information generated based on information received from a plurality of sensors.

Abstract: A holographic three-dimensional (3D) image generating apparatus that may use a collimated directional backlight unit (CD BLU) is provided. The CD BLU may output a collimated light of which an emitting light is adjusted. The convergent lens may enable the outputted collimated light to converge into a viewing area of a viewer and thus, a viewing window may be generated. A spatial light modulator (SLM) may perform spatially-varying modulation with respect to the collimated light converging into the viewing area to generate a focused beam.

Abstract: Provided are a complex spatial light modulator and a three-dimensional (3D) image display including the same. The complex spatial light modulator includes a spatial light modulator configured to modulate a phase of a light beam, a prism array disposed after the spatial light modulator and including an array of prism portions each having a first prism surface and a second prism surface, and a diffractive device configured to diffract a light beam that has passed through the prism array. Accordingly, both the phase and amplitude of the light beam may be modulated.

Abstract: A rendering system and method based on a weighted value of a sub-pixel region are provided. The rendering system may change a pixel value of a single sub-pixel using pixel values of sub-pixels that represent, as respective central viewpoints, a plurality of viewpoints represented by the single sub-pixel based on an inclined lens, and may perform rendering using the changed pixel value.