Abstract: Methods of DNA sequencing from a template strand via DNA polymerase immobilized on a magnetic sensor. The methods include forming a complementary strand by the DNA polymerase from individual magnetic nanoparticle (MNP)-labeled nucleotides, and obtaining a signal from the magnetic sensor to identify the MNP and thus the nucleotide. The process can be repeated until the entire complementary strand is formed and identified.

Abstract: Method of utilizing a nanochannel in combination with at least one magnetic sensor for detecting (e.g., identifying) molecules, cells, and other analytes. Particularly, the method includes bringing molecules, labeled with magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), in close proximity to the magnetic sensor to identify the molecules via an output signal from the magnetic sensor. The method is particularly suited for identifying nucleotides of DNA and RNA strands.