Abstract: A medical device and a method of operating the same are provided. In a method of operating a medical device for ultrasonic treatment, the medical device including an ultrasonic instrument having a vibration transmission member that vibrates ultrasonically, a power source configured to supply electric energy to the ultrasonic instrument, and a processor including a control unit operably connected to the power source, the method includes: controlling supply of the electric energy to the ultrasonic instrument, obtaining a temperature value related to a temperature of the vibration transmission member, the vibration transmission member being separate from a transducer, and controlling the power source to reduce or stop the supply of electric energy of the power source based on the rate of change of the temperature value.

Abstract: A generator includes first, second, and third inductors and a capacitor. The first inductor is formed by a primary coil of a transformer. The second inductor is formed by a first secondary coil of the transformer. The second inductor is connected between a first contact and a second contact. The first and the second contacts are connected to a surgical instrument. The third inductor is formed by a second secondary coil of the transformer continuously connected to the first secondary coil. The third inductor is connected between the second contact and a third contact. A polarity of the second contact with respect to the third contact coincides with a polarity of the first contact with respect to the second contact of the second inductor. The capacitor is connected between the third contact and ground. An inductance of the third inductor and a capacitance of the capacitor are adjusted.

Abstract: A training data generation method includes: obtaining output information related to an electrical characteristic value in an energy treatment tool when ultrasound energy is being applied from the energy treatment tool to a body tissue; obtaining photography data that contains a photograph taken of a state in which the ultrasound energy is being applied to the body tissue; obtaining a label from the photography data; and adding the label to the output information to generate the training data.

Abstract: An energy control device supplies power to an ultrasonic treatment instrument including an end effector performing treatment using ultrasonic vibration generated by an ultrasonic transducer. The energy control device includes an energy source configured to output the power to the ultrasonic transducer, and an integrated circuit. The integrated circuit is configured to: acquire a resonance frequency of a vibration system including the ultrasonic transducer; calculate an initial feature value relating to the resonance frequency after a start of an output of the power; set a threshold based on the initial feature value; and perform causing the energy source to stop or reduce the output of the power to the ultrasonic transducer based on a relationship between the resonance frequency and the threshold, or notifying the relationship between the resonance frequency and the threshold.

Abstract: A method of actuating an ultrasonic drive device includes sweeping, by a first control circuit, a frequency at which an ultrasonic transducer oscillates from a predetermined frequency toward a resonant frequency, predicting, by a prediction circuit, whether or not ringing occurs based on a first parameter representing a driving state of the ultrasonic transducer, and if the prediction circuit predicts that the ringing does not occur and if a second parameter representing a frequency at which the ultrasonic transducer is driven satisfies a predetermined condition, resonantly driving, by a second control circuit, the ultrasonic transducer at a resonant frequency by PLL control.

Abstract: In an energy control device, a processor detects, based on a detection result of an electric characteristic value in relation to an electric energy which is output from an energy output source to an ultrasonic transducer, a gradual decrease start time at which the electric characteristic value starts a gradual decrease after a gradual increase. The processor executes, based on a fact that a time rate of change of the electric characteristic value become greater than a predetermined threshold after the gradual decrease start time, at least one of causing the energy output source to stop or reduce the output of the electric energy to the ultrasonic transducer, and notifying that the time rate of change become greater than the predetermined threshold.

Abstract: A treatment instrument includes: a sheath; and an end effector that is provided at a distal end of the sheath. The end effector is capable of gripping a living tissue and applying high frequency energy to the living tissue. The end effector includes a treatment surface, and a pair of electrodes that can grip the living tissue and apply the high frequency energy to the living tissue. The treatment surface includes a distal end area that is provided on a distal end side of the treatment surface, and another area that is provided on a proximal end side of the treatment surface. The distal end area applies, to the living tissue, high frequency energy that is higher than high frequency energy applied by the other area. One of the pair of electrodes includes a distal end portion and a proximal end portion.

Abstract: In an energy control device, a processor detects a gradual decrease start time at which the electric characteristic value in relation to electric energy output to an ultrasonic transducer starts a gradual decrease after a gradual increase. The processor calculates a difference value by subtracting the electric characteristic value from a peak value at gradual decrease start time and calculates an integrated value of the difference value from the gradual decrease start time. The processor executes, based on a fact that the integrated value become greater than a predetermined threshold, at least one of causing to stop or reduce the output of the electric energy to the ultrasonic transducer, and notifying that the integrated value become greater than the predetermined threshold.

Abstract: A medical device and a method of operating the same are provided. In a method of operating a medical device for ultrasonic treatment, the medical device including an ultrasonic instrument having a vibration transmission member that vibrates ultrasonically, a power source configured to supply electric energy to the ultrasonic instrument, and a processor including a control unit operably connected to the power source, the method includes: controlling supply of the electric energy to the ultrasonic instrument, obtaining a temperature value related to a temperature of the vibration transmission member, the vibration transmission member being separate from a transducer, and controlling the power source to reduce or stop the supply of electric energy of the power source based on the rate of change of the temperature value.

Abstract: An energy control device for an ultrasonic treatment tool which includes an ultrasonic transducer and an end effector that performs a treatment using the ultrasonic vibration generated by the ultrasonic transducer comprises a first power supply configured to supply an electric power to the ultrasonic transducer, and a circuit. The circuit is configured to measure an output duration, monitor a characteristic parameter representing a situation of the treatment, set a time threshold value based on the characteristic parameter, and perform, when the output duration exceeds the time threshold value, at least one of: stopping or reducing the output of electric power from the first power supply to the ultrasonic transducer and notifying that the output duration has exceeded the time threshold value.

Abstract: A generator includes first, second, and third inductors and a capacitor. The first inductor is formed by a primary coil of a transformer. The second inductor is formed by a first secondary coil of the transformer. The second inductor is connected between a first contact and a second contact. The first and the second contacts are connected to a surgical instrument. The third inductor is formed by a second secondary coil of the transformer continuously connected to the first secondary coil. The third inductor is connected between the first contact and a third contact. A polarity of the second contact with respect to the third contact coincides with a polarity of the first contact with respect to the second contact of the second inductor. The capacitor is connected between the third contact and ground. An inductance of the third inductor and a capacitance of the capacitor are adjusted.

Abstract: An energy control device for an ultrasonic treatment tool which includes an ultrasonic transducer and an end effector that performs a treatment using the ultrasonic vibration generated by the ultrasonic transducer comprises a first power supply configured to supply an electric power to the ultrasonic transducer, and a circuit. The circuit is configured to measure an output duration, monitor a characteristic parameter representing a situation of the treatment, set a time threshold value based on the characteristic parameter, and perform, when the output duration exceeds the time threshold value, at least one of: stopping or reducing the output of electric power from the first power supply to the ultrasonic transducer and notifying that the output duration has exceeded the time threshold value.

Abstract: In an energy control device, a processor detects, based on a detection result of an electric characteristic value in relation to an electric energy which is output from an energy output source to an ultrasonic transducer, a gradual decrease start time at which the electric characteristic value starts a gradual decrease after a gradual increase. The processor executes, based on a fact that a time rate of change of the electric characteristic value become greater than a predetermined threshold after the gradual decrease start time, at least one of causing the energy output source to stop or reduce the output of the electric energy to the ultrasonic transducer, and notifying that the time rate of change become greater than the predetermined threshold.

Abstract: In an energy control device, a processor detects a gradual decrease start time at which the electric characteristic value in relation to electric energy output to an ultrasonic transducer starts a gradual decrease after a gradual increase. The processor calculates a difference value by subtracting the electric characteristic value from a peak value at gradual decrease start time and calculates an integrated value of the difference value from the gradual decrease start time. The processor executes, based on a fact that the integrated value become greater than a predetermined threshold, at least one of causing to stop or reduce the output of the electric energy to the ultrasonic transducer, and notifying that the integrated value become greater than the predetermined threshold.

Abstract: An energy control device supplies power to an ultrasonic treatment instrument including an end effector performing treatment using ultrasonic vibration generated by an ultrasonic transducer. The energy control device includes an energy source configured to output the power to the ultrasonic transducer, and an integrated circuit. The integrated circuit is configured to: acquire a resonance frequency of a vibration system including the ultrasonic transducer; calculate an initial feature value relating to the resonance frequency after a start of an output of the power; set a threshold based on the initial feature value; and perform causing the energy source to stop or reduce the output of the power to the ultrasonic transducer based on a relationship between the resonance frequency and the threshold, or notifying the relationship between the resonance frequency and the threshold.

Abstract: An energy control device supplies power to an ultrasonic treatment instrument including an end effector performing treatment using ultrasonic vibration generated by an ultrasonic transducer. The energy control device includes an energy source configured to output the power to the ultrasonic transducer, and at least one integrated circuit. The integrated circuit is configured to: acquire a resonance frequency of a vibration system including the ultrasonic transducer; calculate an integrated value of a difference between the resonance frequency and a predetermined frequency after the acquired resonance frequency has become a first threshold; and perform causing the energy source to stop or reduce an output of the power to the ultrasonic transducer, or notifying that the integrated value has reached the second threshold when the integrated value has reached a second threshold.

Abstract: This invention relates to use of probiotics, particularly P acidilactici and S boulardii, for use in conjunction with steroids and other immune suppressor agents to ameliorate symptoms of autoimmune diseases, especially disease symptoms arising from the body's production of antibodies against autologous blood cells. The practice of the invention sustains ameliorative response associated with immune suppressor agents while lowering the amount of immune suppressor agents required for treatment.

Abstract: A case hardening steel material having a chemical composition consists of, by mass percent, C: 0.15 to 0.23%, Si: 0.01 to 0.15%, Mn: 0.65 to 0.90%, S: 0.010 to 0.030%, Cr: 1.65 to 1.80%, Al: 0.015 to 0.060%, and N: 0.0100 to 0.0250%, further containing, as necessary, one or more kinds selected from Cu and Ni of predetermined amounts, the balance being Fe and impurities; 25?Mn/S?85, 0.90?Cr/(Si+2Mn)?1.20, and 1.16Si+0.70Mn+Cr?2.20; P, Ti and O in the impurities being P?0.020%, Ti?0.005%, and O?0.0015%; and having a structure consisting of 20 to 70% in an area ratio being ferrite; and the portion other than the ferrite being one or more kinds of pearlite and bainite. The steel material is used suitably as a raw material of the carburized part such as a CVT pulley shaft.

Abstract: A control apparatus for a hybrid vehicle includes a torque determining device for determining respective divided torques outputted from a first electric motor and a second electric motor on the basis of total torque required for driving of a hybrid vehicle; a torque correcting device for correcting the respective divided torques of the first electric motor and the second electric motor such that pulsation torque of an internal combustion engine on a drive shaft is canceled by the respective divided torques outputted from the first electric motor and the second electric motor and such that the respective divided torques of the first electric motor and the second electric motor are directed opposite to each other with respect to the drive shaft; and a controlling device for controlling each of the first electric motor and the second electric motor so as to output respective one of the corrected divided torques.

Abstract: This invention relates to use of probiotics, particularly P acidilactici and S boulardii, for use in conjunction with steroids and other immune suppressor agents to ameliorate symptoms of autoimmune diseases, especially disease symptoms arising from the body's production of antibodies against autologous blood cells. The practice of the invention sustains ameliorative response associated with immune suppressor agents while lowering the amount of immune suppressor agents required for treatment.