Abstract: A polytetrafluoroethylene resin comprising polytetrafluoroethylene having a two-dimensional branched structure in the molecule is produced by exposing polytetrafluoroethylene to an ionizing radiation at a dose of no more than 10 kGy.

Abstract: A polytetrafluoroethylene resin comprising polytetrafluoroethylene having a two-dimensional branched structure in the molecule is produced by exposing polytetrafluoroethylene to an ionizing radiation at a dose of no more than 10 kGy.

Abstract: In a fabrication zone where a silicon ribbon 12 is manufactured from molten silicon under an inactive gaseous atmosphere, a fabrication belt conveyer (fabrication bed) 5 composed of a feeding substrate 11 is arranged. The substrate is supplied with molten silicon 2 from a crucible furnace through a rotating roller 3 which adjusts the molten silicon into a state suitable for fabrication. The substrate 11 is provided with a plurality of gas ejecting pores and gas evacuating pores for ejecting and evacuating a gas with respect to a silicon ribbon 4 being fabricated from the molten silicon 2 from below the silicon ribbon.

Abstract: Proposed is a manufacturing method to continuously fabricate plate glass which comprises supporting at least bottom surface of the traveling glass before stiffening by means of a gas generated from support members and controlling the gravitational effect on the glass to provide the partial displacement and deformation repeatedly while changing the position thereof so as to achieve propagation of overall glass extension. The proposed technology shows the possible way to solve or improve the drawbacks and restrictions of known technologies and provides convenient process which may significantly save energy and resource consumption alleviating environmental problems. The technology also realizes plate glass product of high-quality without surface defects and further makes clear the important technical perspectives and essential elements which the former technologies using water vapor thin film basically lack.

Abstract: High quality plate glass free from surface defects, and excellent in macro thickness uniformity, flatness, and the like is manufactured by minimizing the part to be wasted. To that end, glass melt 4 from a melting furnace 1 is supplied between a gas ejection/discharge rotary roll 5 and a gas ejection/discharge concave support 6. The gas ejection/discharge rotary roll 5 has a large number of gas ejection holes each including a flow path having fluid resistance (e.g., vortex flow resistance) in the inside for supplying compression air, and a large number of gas decompression discharge holes each including the same flow path. The gas ejection/discharge concave support 6 has a large number of gas ejection holes for supplying compression air, each including the same flow path, and gas ordinary pressure discharge holes each communicated with the ordinary pressure release space.

Abstract: Coating of a substrate with an organic material, which is characterized in that it comprises liquefying by pressurization a medium which is gaseous at ordinary temperature under 1 atom and liquefies at ordinary temperature under a pressure of 100 atom or less, dissolving or dispersing an organic material in the liquefied medium, and spraying the resulting material mixture onto a substrate in an inert gas atmosphere or comprises bringing a medium having a critical temperature of ordinary temperature or lower and a critical pressure of 100 atm or less into a supercritical state, dissolving or dispersing an organic material in the medium, and spraying the resulting material mixture onto a substrate in an inert gas atmosphere.

Abstract: A process for forming a glass sheet, which is a process for continuously forming a glass sheet, and which comprises a step of introducing a vapor film-forming agent, which is not vapor at least around room temperature and which is vapor at a temperature above the glass transition point of the glass, into a support composed of a structure or a material capable of internally containing liquid, and a step of sliding the support and the glass of which temperature is above the glass transition point against each other via a thin layer of a vaporized vapor film-forming agent.

Abstract: A process for forming a glass sheet, which is a process for continuously forming a glass sheet, and which comprises a step of introducing a vapor film-forming agent, which is not vapor at least around room temperature and which is vapor at a temperature above the glass transition point of the glass, into a support composed of a structure or a material capable of internally containing liquid, and a step of sliding the support and the glass of which temperature is above the glass transition point against each other via a thin layer of a vaporized vapor film-forming agent.

Abstract: A method for cyclic polymerization, wherein a fluorine-containing monomer is subjected to cyclic polymerization, the fluorine-containing monomer having two carbon-carbon multiple bonds, each having different polymerizability, as linked by a linking chain having a straight chain portion to from 2 to 7 atoms, and having a fluorine content of at least 10% by weight.

Abstract: A fluorine-containing thermoplastic resinous polymer which consist essentially of a group (a) of repeating units of a cyclic structure to be represented by the following general formula: ##STR1## (where: n is an integer of 1 to 2); the polymer having a molecular weight such that the intrinsic viscosity thereof may become at least 0.1.A fluorine-containing thermoplastic resinous polymer which consists essentially of:(i) a group (a) of repeating units to be represented by the following general formula: ##STR2## (where: n is an integer of 1 or 2), and (ii) a group (b) of repeating units to be represented by the following general formula:--CF.sub.2 --CFX)--(where: X is selected from fluorine, chlorine. O--CF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 CF.sub.3, O--CF.sub.2 CF(CF.sub.3)OCF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 SO.sub.2 F, and O--CF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 CF.sub.2 COOCH.sub.

Abstract: A flame-retardant resin having excellent moldability composed essentially of a fluorine-containing copolymer obtained by the copolymerization of tetrafluoroethylene, chlorotrifluoroethylene and ethylene, wherein the copolymer comprises from 10 to 60 molar % of tetrafluoroethylene, from 20 to 60 molar % of chlorotrifluoroethylene and from 20 to 40 molar % of ethylene, and has a thermal decomposition temperature of at least 325.degree. C.

Abstract: A fluorine-containing elastomer having excellent low temperature resistance and oil resistance comprises ethylene units (E) and fluorovinyl ether units (FV) having the formula CF.sub.2 .dbd.CFOX (X represents a C.sub.1 -C.sub.9 perfluoroalkyl group which can have one or more ether bond) at a molar ratio of (E) to (FV) of 95:5 to 30:70 and at a total content of (E) and (FV) of at least 70 mole %.

Abstract: A curable composition comprising an elastomeric vinylidene fluoride copolymer, an organic peroxide and a vulcanization accelerator, characterized in that said copolymer contains unsaturated bonds introduced by reacting an untreated elastomeric vinylidene fluoride copolymer dispersed in an aqueous medium, with an aqueous alkaline solution containing an onium compound.

Abstract: A copolymer for an fluorine-containing elastomer having excellent low temperature resistance and alcohol resistance comprises vinylidene fluoride units and fluorovinyl ether units having the formula CF.sub.2 =CFOX (X represents a C.sub.3 -C.sub.9 perfluoroalkyl group which has ether bond having 1-3 oxygen atom) at a molar ratio of vinylidene fluoride units to fluorovinyl ether units of 95:5 to 50:50 and at a total content of the units of at least 80 mole %.

Abstract: A process for producing a carboxyl group-containing fluoropolymer comprises reacting a hydroxyl group-containing fluoropolymer in an organic solvent with a dibasic acid anhydride represented by the general formula ##STR1## where R represents a bifunctional organic group, to convert at least a part of hydroxyl groups into ester groups represented by the general formula ##STR2## where R is as defined above.

Abstract: A propylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer is produced by copolymerizing propylene and tetrafluoroethylene in a molar ratio ranging from 95/5 to 40/60 in an aqueous medium containing tertiary butanol ranging from 5 to 30 wt.%, an emulsifier ranging from 0.01 to 10 wt.% and a redox catalyst of a combination of (1) a water soluble persulfate, (2) a water soluble iron salt, (3) a hydroxymethanesulfinate and (4) ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid or a salt thereof at pH of 8 to 10.5 and at a temperature of 0.degree. to 50.degree. C.

Abstract: A copolymer for a fluorine-containing elastomer having excellent low temperature resistance and alcohol resistance comprises vinylidene fluoride units and fluorovinyl ether units having the formula CF.sub.2 =CFOX (X represents a C.sub.3 -C.sub.9 perfluoroalkyl group which has ether bond having 1-3 oxygen atom) at a molar ratio of vinylidene fluoride units to fluorovinyl ether units of 95:5 to 50:50 and at a total content of the units of at least 80 mole %.

Abstract: A fluorine-containing elastomer having excellent low temperature resistance and oil resistance comprises ethylene units (E) and fluorovinyl ether units (FV) having the formula CF.sub.2 .dbd.CFOX (X represents a C.sub.1 -C.sub.9 perfluoroalkyl group which can have one or more ether bond) at a molar ratio of (E) to (FV) of 95:5 to 30:70 and at a total content of (E) and (FV) of at least 70 mole %.

Abstract: A curable fluorocopolymer comprises 40 to 60 mol % of fluoroolefin units, 5 to 45 mol % of cyclohexyl vinyl ether units, 5 to 45 mol % of alkyl vinyl ether units and 3 to 15 mol % of hydroxyalkyl vinyl ether units and has an inherent viscosity of 0.05 to 2.0 dl/g. in tetrahydrofuran at 30.degree. C.

Abstract: Fluorine-containing elastomers comprise the grafted copolymer havig rubber-like elasticity and having chemical linkages at the reactive sites of fluorine-containing polymeric segments and organopolysiloxane segments.