Abstract: Improved coating and method of forming a nondewettable coating in a reactive carbon monoxide atmosphere wherein a small portion of palladium, platinum or mixture thereof is added to the coating mixture before the mixture is applied to the substrate. Alternatively, in the case of electrolytic deposition, a thin layer of palladium, platinum or mixture thereof is, e.g. electrolessly or by sputtering or silkscreening, deposited on a substrate before a tin or tin alloy coating is deposited, such as by sputtering, silkscreening, etc. The reaction temperature required to form a nondewettable bond is reduced or increased depending on the tin alloy content, but it appears that if platinum or palladium is participating in the reaction for the same alloy, the temperature for achieving the bond appears to be reduced.

Abstract: This invention relates to nitrides, oxides, arsenides, borides, phosphides, tellurides, titanates, silicides, carbides, etc. of metals or metalloids, such as or in their compacted forms, as substrates or base elements. These can be readily joined with various other substrates employing as a coating, film, layer or interlayer former a tin, lead, indium, or alloys thereof, in an admixture with a carbide or carbonyl former and joining the substrate or base in a carbon monoxide atmosphere with the coating, etc. former.

Abstract: As an article for manufacture, a tin, lead, indium, and alloys of each, admixed with a carbide or carbonyl former, for forming these with said tin, lead and indium, and their alloys into an "active" alloy form; these "active" alloy forms are suitable for making wettable carbon, graphite, diamond, sapphire, alumina, metal carbide, quartz, silicon metal, etc., composites which will not dewet upon heating but form strong bonds; methods for preparing said composites of various shapes, layers, coatings, and sandwiches; alloys, preforms and various metal-graphite, diamond, sapphire, alumina, metal carbide, quartz, silicon metal etc., structures also disclosed.

Abstract: Highly adhesive composites with an active tin alloy are obtained as coating on beryllia by depositing tin with, e.g. vanadium on beryllia, and heating in a carbon monoxide atmosphere of up to 1000.degree. C.

Abstract: Substrates such as boron nitride and titanium diboride and the like joined to other metal or metal sandwiches useful as resistance elements.

Abstract: As an article for manufacture, a tin, lead, indium, alloys of each with a carbide or carbonyl former in an admixture for forming said tin, lead and indium, wettable graphite composites which will not dewet upon heating; methods for preparing the composites of various shapes, layers, coatings, and sandwiches, of alloys, preforms and metal-graphite etc, structures are also disclosed.