Abstract: The invention is directed to a mapping method in a memory device with a plurality of memory chips in a sequence of 0 to K, K?1. Each of the memory chips has a plurality of data blocks. The mapping method includes setting a block sequence number “(K+1)*n” to the (n+1)th data block of the memory chip K, wherein n is a positive integer greater than or equal to 0. Based on the mapping method, a writing method is also provided.

Abstract: In one embodiment, an anti-rootkit module compares operating system kernel binary files to their loaded kernel file image in memory to find a difference between them. The difference may be scanned for telltale signs of rootkit modification. To prevent rootkits from interfering with memory access of the kernel file image, a pre-scan may be performed to ensure that paging functions and the interrupt dispatch table are in known good condition. If the difference is due to a rootkit modification, the kernel file image may be restored to a known good condition to disable the rootkit. A subsequent virus scan may be performed to remove remaining traces of the rootkit and other malicious codes from the computer.

Abstract: An access time adjusting circuit is used in a non-volatile memory to obtain an optimized access time in operation. The circuit includes an access time detecting unit, used to detect a performance status of the non-volatile memory under an operation clock and output the performance status. An access time controlling unit is used to generate at least one adjusting operation clock. Each adjusting operation clock serves as the operation clock for the non-volatile memory. In addition, the non-volatile memory, the access time controlling unit, and the access time detecting unit are connected to form a detection and adjustment loop, so that an optimized operation clock is determined after checking the at least one adjusting operation clock.

Abstract: An access time adjusting circuit is used in a non-volatile memory to obtain an optimized access time in operation. The circuit includes an access time detecting unit, used to detect a performance status of the non-volatile memory under an operation clock and output the performance status. An access time controlling unit is used to generate at least one adjusting operation clock. Each the adjusting operation clock serves as the operation clock for the non-volatile memory. In addition, the non-volatile memory, the access time controlling unit, and the access time detecting unit are connected to form a detection and adjustment loop, so that an optimized operation clock is determined after checking the at least one adjusting operation clock.