Abstract: Methods, systems, and nano-sensor devices are disclosed for detecting or discriminating nucleic acids with a single nucleotide resolution based on nucleic acid strand displacement. The detection can be made by time-lapse fluorescence measurements or by electro-based graphene FET, which can be combined with wireless communication to provide real-time transmission of the detected signals.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and nano-sensor devices are disclosed for detecting or discriminating nucleic acids with a single nucleotide resolution based on nucleic acid strand displacement. The detection can be made by time-lapse fluorescence measurements or by electro-based graphene FET, which can be combined with wireless communication to provide real-time transmission of the detected signals.

Abstract: The emerging concept of cancer stem cells suggests that activation in transformed cells of “stemness” genetic pathways (e.g., normal stem cells' self-renewal pathways) may contribute to the survival life cycle of cancer stem cells, and to tumor progression and metastasis of the malignancy. Thus, activation of “stemness” genes in cancer cells may be associated with aggressive clinical behavior and increased likelihood of therapy failure. General methods and kits associated with prediction of clinical outcome for a disease state of a subject based on gene expression analysis are described. The invention includes determining expression of at least three genes selected from the group consisting of GBX2, MKI67, CCNB1, BUB1, KNTC2, USP22, HCFC1, RNF2, ANK3, FGFR2, and CES1, and mouse homologs thereof.

Abstract: The emerging concept of cancer stem cells suggests that activation in transformed cells of “sternness” genetic pathways (e.g., normal stem cells' self-renewal pathways) may contribute to the survival life cycle of cancer stem cells, and to tumor progression and metastasis of the malignancy. Thus, activation of “sternness” genes in cancer cells may be associated with aggressive clinical behavior and increased likelihood of therapy failure. General methods and kits associated with prediction of clinical outcome for a disease state of a subject based on gene expression analysis are described. The invention includes determining expression of at least three genes selected from the group consisting of GBX2, MKI67, CCNB1, BUB1, KNTC2, USP22, HCFC1, RNF2, ANK3, FGFR2, and CES1, and mouse homologs thereof.