Abstract: A method to amplify the pressure effects of very small flows, or very small leaks, in contained fluid systems, and the effects of small leaks in fluid systems that have small flows such as would occur in a combustible gas system with lighted pilot lights or a contained water system with a drip watering system, while not affecting the normal operation of such fluid systems, and without interfering with the function of such small flows.

Abstract: A means to amplify the pressure effects of very small flows, or very small leaks, in contained fluid systems using pressure sensors in differential flow measurement devices. A ball valve in the passageway to the sensor static port achieves a small delay.

Abstract: A signal analysis method to enable flow and leak detection devices to accurately detect and amplify the signal from a flow measurement means detecting the pressure effects of very small leaks in contained fluid systems, and leaks in fluid systems that have small flows, where the raw signal is an order of magnitude less than the random pressure fluctuations in the contained system, and is an order of magnitude less than the effects of temperature and manufacturer's variations in the sensing device and the components used in the manufacture of the flow detection device. The method involves windowing the signal in a small section of the range of the sensor, then periodically re-centering the signal.

Abstract: A method to amplify the pressure effects of very small flows, or very small leaks, in contained fluid systems, and the effects of small leaks in fluid systems that have small flows such as would occur in a combustible gas system with lighted pilot lights or a contained water system with a drip watering system, while not affecting the normal operation of such fluid systems, and without interfering with the function of such small flows.

Abstract: Current pole mounted vacuum sanders have universal connections between the pole and sander which permit the sanding pad to lift off the sanding surface when pressure is applied. The present invention provides a universal connection between the pole and base of the vacuum hand sanding device which allows the head to be semi-locked into position when the pole is angled to the working surface to prevent the pad lifting from the surface.

Abstract: Pulverizing apparatus, known as hammer mills, for crushing rocks, etcetera, are known, which use swinging hammers, pivotally mounted on a rotating axis within a casing. The present invention provides a crushing apparatus comprising a housing with first and second cylindrical chambers, the first chamber having an inlet for input of material to be crushed, and the second chamber having an outlet for expulsion of crushed material. An axle is mounted for rotation in the housing and provided with means for rotating the axle. Hammers are mounted for rotation in the first chamber. Blades are mounted for rotation in the second chamber and have a flat surface for moving air in the second chamber. A flywheel is mounted for rotation on the rotating axle and forms a central wall between the first and second chamber while being adapted to leave a clearance between the first and second chamber sufficient for movement of crushed particles.

Abstract: Current manual vacuum sanders do not adequately capture dust from around the edges of the sander. The present invention provides a back-up pad for a vacuum hand sanding device for sanding a working surface, where the device is of the type comprising a tailpiece for connecting a source of vacuum, a base for attaching a back-up pad and screw clamps for releasably attaching an abrasive, air-permeable sheet.

Abstract: The present invention provides an automatic monitoring and shutoff system for utilities which allows the user to set the system to permit certain uses of gas or water without triggering the shutoff, depending on whether the user is home or away, and is able to provide for specific usual or unusual uses.