Abstract: Various embodiments include computer-aided systems and methods for training a user in conducting negotiations. An example method includes: providing data of a first type using recordings of real or virtual negotiations of one or more users with of one or more recording devices after corresponding computer-aided processing; and communicating the data of a first type to an artificial intelligence for generating data of a second and a third type. Data of a second and a third type are presented on an output device, which give the user a conception of the AI-calculated reaction and/or consequence of the user's recorded negotiation, subsequently and also in real time, during the ongoing negotiation.

Abstract: A method for control of a cooling device for the active cooling of a perovskite solar cell, wherein the perovskite solar cell is part of a perovskite photovoltaic module. The method includes determining a measure of the internal temperature of the perovskite solar cell and activating the cooling device when the determined measure of the internal temperature of the perovskite solar cell is greater than a corresponding measure of a predetermined temperature threshold value. A photovoltaic apparatus having a perovskite photovoltaic module includes at least one perovskite solar cell, and a cooling device for the active cooling of the perovskite solar cell.

Abstract: A method of removing an organic, preferably polymeric, light-emitting material (4) from defined areas of a substrate (1) comprises the steps of arranging a shadow mask (5) to overlie the organic material other than in the defined areas, and applying a beam of ions (7) to the defined areas through the mask. The method is useful in forming organic light-emitting diode arrays.

Abstract: A method of forming a semiconductor device from a semiconductor substrate (1) comprising circuitry (2) and terminal means (3) for establishing electrical connection to the circuitry; and a sheet (4) for forming a further layer of the device, the sheet comprising at least one groove (5). Adhesive is applied to at least one of the substrate (1) and the sheet (4); the substrate and the sheet are then aligned in a position such that the groove (5) faces the terminal means (3); and the substrate and the sheet are then attached together by means of the adhesive.