Abstract: In a filter cigarette having a tobacco strand, a wrapping and a filter, the filter possesses at least one gas phase-active filter part which contains at least one gas phase-reducing substance. The gas phase-reducing substances are embedded in a filter material matrix. They are introduced in a quantity of at least 75 mg per filter and at least 5 mg/mm of the length of the gas phase-active filter part. The filter cigarette exhibits a filter ventilation of at most 30% (or of from 30% to 70%). The NFDPM value is between 4 and 10 mg/cigarette (or in the range of from 2 to 4 mg/Cigarette), as measured in accordance with ISO smoking conditions. The gas phase quotient Q1, defined as (?g of benzene per cigarette)/(mg of CO per cigarette) and measured in accordance with ISO smoking conditions, is less than 1.5, preferably less than 1.

Abstract: A process for preparing perylene-3,4:9,10-tetracarboxylic dianhydride, comprising: dimerizing a naphthalene-1,8-dicarboximide of the formula IIa; reoxidizing the resulting alkali metal salt of the leuco form of the perylene-3,4:9,10-tetracarboxylic diimide of the formula Ia; hydrolyzing the diimide to the tetraalkali metal salt of perylene-3,4:9,10-tetracarboxylic acid in the presence of an inert organic solvent, of an alkali metal base and of water; and subjecting the tetraalkali metal salt of perylene-3,4:9,10-tetracarboxylic acid to the action of an aqueous inorganic acid to convert it into perylene-3,4:9,10-tetracarboxylic dianhydride; wherein R3 is cyclohexyl or phenyl which may each be substituted by up to three C1-C4-alkyl radicals, and the dimerizing is in a substantially homogeneous reaction medium consisting essentially of an apolar aprotic organic solvent and an alkali metal base.

Abstract: In a filter cigarette having a tobacco strand, a wrapping and a filter, the filter possesses at least one gas phase-active filter part which contains at least one gas phase-reducing substance. The gas phase-reducing substances are embedded in a filter material matrix. They are introduced in a quantity of at least 75 mg per filter and at least 5 mg/mm of the length of the gas phase-active filter part. The filter cigarette exhibits a filter ventilation of at most 30% (or of from 30% to 70%). The NFDPM value is between 4 and 10 mg/cigarette (or in the range of from 2 to 4 mg/Cigarette), as measured in accordance with ISO smoking conditions. The gas phase quotient Q1, defined as (?g of benzene per cigarette)/(mg of CO per cigarette) and measured in accordance with ISO smoking conditions, is less than 1.5, preferably less than 1.

Abstract: A process for preparing perylene-3,4:9,10-tetracarboxylic dianhydride, comprising: dimerizing a naphthalene-1,8-dicarboximide of the formula IIa; reoxidizing the resulting alkali metal salt of the leuco form of the perylene-3,4:9,10-tetracarboxylic diimide of the formula Ia; hydrolyzing the diimide to the tetraalkali metal salt of perylene-3,4:9,10-tetracarboxylic acid in the presence of an inert organic solvent, of an alkali metal base and of water; and subjecting the tetraalkali metal salt of perylene-3,4:9,10-tetracarboxylic acid to the action of an aqueous inorganic acid to convert it into perylene-3,4:9,10-tetracarboxylic dianhydride; wherein R3 is cyclohexyl or phenyl which may each be substituted by up to three C1-C4-alkyl radicals, and the dimerizing is in a substantially homogeneous reaction medium consisting essentially of an apolar aprotic organic solvent and an alkali metal base.

Abstract: A process for preparing perylene-3,4:9,10-tetracarboxylic diimides of the general formula I comprising dimerizing a naphthalene-1,8-dicarboximide of the formula II in a reaction medium consisting essentially of an apolar aprotic organic solvent and an alkali metal base and subsequently reoxidizing the resulting alkali metal salt of the leuco form of the perylene-3,4:9,10-tetracarboxylic diimide in the presence of a polar solvent.

Abstract: A process for preparing perylene-3,4:9,10-tetracarboxylic diimides of the general formula I where R is C1-C30-alkyl whose carbon chain may be interrupted by one or more —O— moieties and/or which may be substituted by one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of C5-C8-cycloalkyl (which may be substituted by one or more C1-C6-alkyl substituents), phenyl or phenyl-C1-C6-alkyl (which may each be substituted by one or more C1-C18-alkyl and/or C1-C6-alkoxy substituents), —OCOR1, —N(R1)2, —SO2NH2, —SO2N(R1)2, —CON(R1)2 and —COOR1; C5-C8-cycloalkyl whose carbon skeleton may be interrupted by one or more moieties selected from the group consisting of —O—, —S— and —NR2- and/or which may be substituted by one or more C1-C6-alkyl substituents; phenyl, phenyl-C1-C6-alkyl, naphthyl or hetaryl, which may each be substituted by one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of C1-C18-alkyl, C1-C6-alkoxy, phenylazo, naphthylazo, pyridylazo, pyrimidylazo, cyano, —N(R1)2, —CON(R1)2 and —COO

Abstract: The invention relates to a tobacco filter for smoking products in which the tobacco material selected for the filter or parts thereof are subjected to a thermal treatment during the tobacco preparation process.

Abstract: A 1,7-disubstituted perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic diimide of the general formula VI: Compositions or products comprising the compound of formula VI. Compositions comprising 1,7-diaroxy- or 1,7-diarylthio-substituted perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic dianhydrides (I) or 1,7-diaroxy- or 1,7-diarylthio-substituted perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acids (Ia).

Abstract: A 1,7-disubstituted perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic diimide of the general formula VI where X1 and X1 re independently bromine or —L—R, where L is 1,2-ethylene, 1,2-ethenylene or 1,2-ethynylene and R is hydrogen or C1-C30-alkyl whose carbon chain can be interrupted by one or more groups —O—, —S—, —NR3—, —CO— and/or —SO2— and/or which can be substituted one or more times by —COOR3, —SO3R3, hydroxyl, cyano, C1-C6-alkoxy, C5-C8-cycloalkyl or aryl or by a 5- to 7-membered heterocyclic radical which is attached via a nitrogen atom and can include further heteroatoms and/or can be aromatic, R3 being hydrogen or C1-C6-alkyl.

Abstract: 1,7-Disubstituted perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic dianhydrides I and perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acids Ia ##STR1## where R is substituted or unsubstituted aryloxy, arylthio, hetaryloxy or hetarylthio,their preparation and use as pigments, laser dyes and precursors for preparing fluorescent dyes, polymeric colorants, pigments and pigment additives, and 1,7-disubstituted perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic diimides (VI) as intermediates thereof.

Abstract: Perylene-3,4-dicarboximides I ##STR1## (R.sup.1 is hydrogen; C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkyl; C.sub.5 -C.sub.8 -cycloalkyl; substituted or unsubstituted phenyl or naphthyl;R.sup.2 independently at each occurrence is hydrogen; C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 -alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryloxy, arylthio, hetaryloxy or hetarylthio)are prepared by reacting the corresponding perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid or its anhydride (II) with an amide IIIR.sup.3 --CO--NHR.sup.1 III(R.sup.3 : C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alkyl or --NR.sup.4 R.sup.5 where R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 independently are hydrogen or one of the R.sup.1 alkyls, cycloalkyls, phenyls or naphthyls and where if two or more of R.sup.1, R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 are other than hydrogen they are identical)under superatmospheric pressure in the presence of an inert diluent and a transition metal catalyst.

Abstract: A N,N'-dimethylperylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic diimide pigment suitable for aqueous basecoats is obtainable by coating the diimide, suspended in an aqueous medium, with a carboxyl-carrying resin in the presence of 3,4-dicarboximidoperylene-9-sulfonic acid or salts thereof and with a C.sub.8 -C.sub.8 -alkyl- or-alkenylamine, isolating and drying the coated dimide and then subjecting it to dry milling.

Abstract: Preparation of N,N'-di(C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl)perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid diimides (I) by the reaction of perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid diimide (II) with a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl halide, in which the reaction is carried out in a dipolar-aprotic organic solvent in the presence of an inorganic base.

Abstract: 1,7-Disubstituted perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic dianhydrides I and perylere-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acids Ia ##STR1## where L.sup.1, L.sup.2 independently of one another are 1,2-ethylene, 1,2-ethenylene and 1,2-ethynylene, andR.sup.1, R.sup.2 independently of one another are hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted C.sub.1 -C.sub.30 -alkyl,their preparation and use as pigments, laser dyes and precursors for preparing fluorescent dyes, polymeric colorants, pigments and pigment additives, and also 1,7-disubstituted perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic diimides (VI) as their intermediates.

Abstract: Isoindolineazo pigments of the general formula I ##STR1## where A is the radical of an active-methylene compound or .dbd.S;L is substituted or unsubstituted 1,4-phenylene, 1,3-phenylene or 1,5-naphthylene;K is the radical of a coupling component K--H; and the benzene ring D is optionally substituted,are useful for pigmenting high polymer organic materials.

Abstract: Pigment preparations contain(a) at least one organic pigment;(b) at least one perylene derivative of the general formula I ##STR1## where A is --O--, --CH.sub.2 -- or --NR.sup.1 --;B.sup.1 and B.sup.2 are independently of each other a chemical bond, --O--, --CH.sub.2 --, --NR.sup.2 --, --S--, --CO--, --SO.sub.2 -- or --SO.sub.2 --NH--;L.sup.1 and L.sup.2 are independently of each other a chemical bond, phenylene or C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 -alkylene;X is --SO.sub.3.sup..crclbar. Ka.sup..sym. ;Y is --CO.sub.2 Ka.sup..sym. ;Z is chlorine or bromine;m is from 0 to 4;n is 0 or 1 and (m+n) is from 1 to 4; andp is from 0 to 4;as dispersant;(c) if desired further customary pigment preparation additives.

Abstract: Fluent dye preparations useful for dyeing leather or wool containa) at least 15% of the weight of the dye preparation of one or more polyazo dyes in salt form which have one or more hydroxysulfonyl and/or carboxyl groups and may be present in the form of a 1:1 or 1:2 metal complex,b) from 2 to 15% of the weight of the dye preparation of a surfactant, andc) water.

Abstract: The wet-end coloring of paper with pigments and fixers is carried out by a process in which the pigment and fixer are added simultaneously to the paper pulp to be colored, and the fixer used is a cationic fixer, in an amount of from 0.01 to 3% by weight, based on the dry paper pulp to be colored.

Abstract: A filter cigatette comprises a tobacco rod having a tobacco mixture with a low packing or filling density, a first filter element racing the tobacco rod, having a retention capacity of 40 to 80% and consisting of a fibrous material having a low single denier and a high total denier, a second filter element facing the mouth of the smoker and having a retention capacity of 15% at the maximum, and a hollow chamber formed between the two filter elements and having a length of 3 to 7 mm at an overall length of the filter between 18 and 30 mm. The two filter elements and the hollow chamber are surrounded by a paper wrapper and an air-permeable tipping paper with a ventilation zone in the region of the hollow chamber; said ventilation zone ensures a ventilation degree of 50 to 85% and is created on the finished cigarette by laser beams or by mechanically produced perforations through both papers.In this way a more intensive taste sensation can be achieved together with a low nicotine to condensate ratio.

Abstract: Fibers of tobacco smoke filters which have been impregnated with dicarboxylic or polycarboxylic acids or anhydrides thereof can be obtained by dissolving anhydrides of dicarboxylic or polycarboxylic acids in volatile or physiologically acceptable organic solvents and applying them to the fibers and, if appropriate, hydrolyzing them with water.