Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid-crystalline medium based on a mixture of polar compounds of positive dielectric anisotropy, characterized in that it comprises one or more compounds of the formula I and one or more compounds selected from the compounds of the formulae IA and IB in which R1, R2, L1-4, X1 and X2 have the meanings indicated in claim 1.

Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid-crystalline medium based on a mixture of polar compounds of positive dielectric anisotropy, characterised in that it comprises one or more compounds of the formula I and one or more compounds selected from the compounds of the formulae IA and IB in which R1, R2, L1-4, X1 and X2 have the meanings indicated in claim 1.

Abstract: The invention relates to pyran derivatives of the formula I and to a process and intermediates for their preparation and derivatisation, and to the use thereof in liquid-crystalline media.

Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid-crystalline medium based on a mixture of polar compounds of positive dielectric anisotropy, comprising at least one pyran compound of the formula I and one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of the compounds C1 to C9 in which R, R1, the rings A, B and P, L1, L2, X, X1, Z1, Z2, m and n are as defined in Claim 1, and to electro-optical displays containing a liquid-crystalline medium of this type.

Abstract: The present invention relates to switchable components for high-frequency technology, in particular microwave technology, which use liquid-crystalline dielectrics, to the liquid-crystal materials, to the use thereof, and to a process for the production of the components, for their operation and for improving their characteristics.

Abstract: The invention relates to liquid-crystalline compounds of the formula (I), where R11, X11, L11, Y and W are as defined in claim 1, and to the use thereof in liquid-crystalline media, to liquid-crystalline media comprising at least one compound of the formula (I) and to electro-optical displays containing a liquid-crystalline medium of this type

Abstract: The invention relates to pyran derivatives of formula I and processes and intermediates for their preparation and derivatisation, and the use thereof in liquid-crystalline media.

Abstract: The invention relates to liquid-crystalline compounds of the formula (I) in which R1, R2, A1, A2, A3, A4, Z1, Z2, Z3, a, b and c have the meanings indicated in Claim 1, and to liquid-crystalline media comprising at least one compound of the (I) and to electro-optical displays containing a liquid-crystalline medium of this type.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel cyclobutane derivatives of the formula (I), in which R1, R2, A, Z, m, n and o have the meaning indicated in claim 1, to the use thereof as components of liquid-crystalline media, and to liquid-crystal and electro-optical display elements which contain the liquid-crystalline media according to the invention

Abstract: Described are media for liquid-crystal applications where the media include a mixture of polar compounds of positive dielectric anisotropy. The mixtures include one or more compounds of the formula I in which: R1 is a halogenated or unsubstituted alkyl or alkoxy radical having from 1 to 15 carbon atoms, where one or more CH2 groups in these radicals are optionally, independently of one another, replaced by —C?C—, —CH?CH—, —O—, —CO—O—or —O—CO— in such a way that O atoms are not linked directly to one another; X is F, Cl, CN, a halogenated alkyl radical, a halogenated alkenyl radical, a halogenated alkoxy radical or a halogenated alkenyloxy radical having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; and L1 and L2 are each, independently of one another, H or F. It being provided that the media exhibit a TN threshold of below 1.3V.

Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid-crystalline medium comprising at least one pyran compound of the formula I and one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of the compounds C-1 to C-5 in which the R, R1, the rings A, B and P, L1-6, X, X1, Z1, Z2, m and n are as defined above and to electro-optical displays containing a liquid-crystalline medium of this type.

Abstract: The invention relates to liquid-crystalline compounds of the formula (I), where R11, X11, L11, Y and W are as defined in claim 1, and to the use thereof in liquid-crystalline media, to liquid-crystalline media comprising at least one compound of the formula (I) and to electro-optical displays containing a liquid-crystalline medium of this type.

Abstract: The invention relates to an alignment layer comprising a polymerized liquid crystal material with homeotrophic orientation, to methods of its preparation, to polymerizable liquid crystal compositions and liquid crystal polymers used for the preparation of the alignment layer, to liquid crystal devices comprising the alignment layer, and to a method of controlling the electrooptical steepness of a liquid crystal display comprising at least one alignment layer by varying the surface anchoring energy of the alignment layer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid-crystalline medium based on a mixture of polar compounds of positive dielectric anisotropy, characterised in that it comprises one or more compounds of the general formula I in which R1, L1, L2, L3, L4, L5, L6, Z1, Z2, X, v and u are as defined in claim 1.

Abstract: The invention relates to CF2O-bridged cyclohexane derivatives, in particular compounds of formula (I), R1-(-A1-Z1-)k1-Q-CF2O-A2-(-Z3-A3-)K3-R2, wherein Q represents group (a); W1, W2 represent —CH2— and/or —O— independendy from each other, X1, X2, X3, X4 represent H, F, —CH3—CH2F—CH2F and/or —CF3 independently from each other, provided that at least one substituent X1, X2, X3 and/or X4 does not represent H, Z2 represents a simple bond, —CH2—CH2— or —CF2—CF2—, m represents 0 or 1 and R1, R2, A1, A2, A3, Z1, Z3, k1 and k3 have the meaning cited in the description. The invention further relates to liquid crystal substances such as optical and electro-optical display elements.

Abstract: A tetrahydropyran derivative comprising at least three cyclic rings and one aromatic endgroup of the formula A a process for preparing said tetrahydropyran derivatives, and the use of said tetrahydropyran derivatives as a component in a liquid crystal composition.

Abstract: The invention relates to liquid-crystalline compounds of the formula (I) in which R1, R2, A1, A2, A3, A4, Z1, Z2, Z3, a, b and c have the meanings indicated in Claim 1, and to liquid-crystalline media comprising at least one compound of the (I) and to electro-optical displays containing a liquid-crystalline medium of this type.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel cyclobutane derivatives of the formula (I), in which R1, R2, A, Z, m, n and o have the meaning indicated in claim 1, to the use thereof as components of liquid-crystalline media, and to liquid-crystal and electro-optical display elements which contain the liquid-crystalline media according to the invention.

Abstract: Tetrahydropyran derivatives having at least one ester group (—CO—O—) and at least one group —CN, —NCS, —F, —Cl, —OCHF2, —OCF3, —CF3, —OCHFCF3, —OCF2CHFCF3, SF5, or —OCF2CF3; a process for preparing said tetrahydropyran derivatives, and the use of said tetrahydropyran derivatives as a component in a liquid crystal composition.

Abstract: The invention relates to a liquid-crystalline medium based on a mixture of polar compounds of positive dielectric anisotropy, characterized in that it comprises one or more compounds of the formula I in which R1, L1 and L2 are as defined in claim 1.