Abstract: Mediator systems obtainable by mixing a salt of an electrochemically active complexing metal (M1) capable of forming a plurality of valence states with a hydroxyl-containing complexing agent, which may likewise be present as salt, and with a salt of an electrochemically inactive complexing metal (M2) in an alkaline aqueous medium, wherefor the molar ratio of metal ion M2 to metal ion M1 is from 0.8:1 to 2:1 are useful for reducing dyes and dyeing cellulosic textile material.

Abstract: From 5 to 60% by weight aqueous alkaline solutions of reduced indigoid dyes are prepared by reducing the indigoid dye electrochemically in the presence of a mediator.

Abstract: Mediator systems obtainable by mixing a salt of an electrochemically active complexing metal (M1) capable of forming a plurality of valence states with a hydroxyl-containing complexing agent, which may likewise be present as salt, and with a salt of an electrochemically inactive complexing metal (M2) in an alkaline aqueous medium, wherefor the molar ratio of metal ion M2 to metal ion M1 is from 0.8:1 to 2:1 are useful for reducing dyes and dyeing cellulosic textile material.

Abstract: The disclosure is a process for batchwise dyeing of cellulosic textile material with indigo by the exhaust method, which comprises applying the reduced indigo to the textile material from an aqueous dyeing liquor which includes a reductant, an alkali and additionally a further dissolved alkali metal salt in a concentration of from 200 to 350 g/l as electrolyte and whose pH has been set to 10.2-11.3, oxidizing the reduced indigo on the fiber back to the pigment while maintaining the high electrolyte concentration, and finishing the dyeing in a conventional manner.

Abstract: A process for dyeing celluose-containing textile material with indigo comprises using an aqueous solution of leuco indigo prepared by catalytic hydrogenation and, after the leuco indigo has gone onto the textile material, converting it back into the pigment form in a conventional manner by air oxidation.

Abstract: A continuous process for dyeing yarns with vattable dyes comprises, in continuous yarn dyeing ranges, metering an aqueous dye dispersion into the circulating chemical liquor.

Abstract: An accessory for kitchen blenders, and the like, adapted to the milling of cereal grains comprises a pair of superposed millstones of circular shape. The lower millstone is engaged upon a shaft which may be coupled to the drive of the kitchen machine after placing a receptacle for the milled flour around the blender stand. The upper millstone is held stationary in a housing which also serves as the container and funnel for the grain. The driveshaft passes through an orifice in the upper millstone and depends from a thrust bearing centered in a cover atop the housing, the shaft being engaged by an adjusting nut above the thrust bearing to permit adjustment of the gap between the upper and nether millstones, for the control of flour fineness.

Abstract: Upper and lower millstones are provided in a milling apparatus adapted to mill a wide range of cereal grains and other kernels. The upper millstone is stationary and is pierced by a central orifice through which the drive shaft of the rotating lower millstone passes. Cutting teeth protrude radially from the drive shaft in the region of the central orifice and cooperate with guide channels in the orifice wall to break kernels larger than would pass through the annulus between the shaft and the orifice, thereby supplying pre-milled kernel fragments to the opposing milling surfaces of the upper and lower millstones. Radially spiralling furrows in the milling surfaces further reduce the feed to flour, prior to discharge at the outer periphery of the milling apparatus.

Abstract: A motor-driven cereal mill, adapted for household use, incorporates a stationary upper millstone and a rotatable lower millstone of cast composition. Both millstones are borne in carriers, with the upper millstone carrier vertically adjustable inside a milling enclosure, in order to vary the milling gap between the milling faces. A worm drive is employed to adjust the milling gap, and means are also provided for a variable lower stop for the travel of the stationary millstone carrier, in order to provide means for the compensation of service wear in the milling faces. An electric motor is mounted alongside the milling enclosure and drives the vertical shaft, which engages the rotating millstone carrier, via a transmission, which is located below a common mounting plate for the motor and the mill enclosure. A removable receptacle is provided for the milled flour.