Abstract: A high energy density lithium-ion rechargeable battery cell is provided which includes an anode material containing a carbon-nanotube (CNT)-Si composite and a cathode material containing a core-shell gradient and/or concentration gradient nickel-based lithium metal oxide.

Abstract: A high energy density lithium-ion rechargeable battery cell is provided which includes an anode material containing a carbon-nanotube (CNT)-Si composite and a cathode material containing a core-shell gradient and/or concentration gradient nickel-based lithium metal oxide.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the selective recovery of catalysts used in the production of adipic acid by(a) separating adipic acid from the reaction solution,(b) exposing the resultant reaction solution to a sulfonated ion exchanger, thereby binding iron, copper, and vanadium ions to said sulfonated ion exchanger,(c) separating the ion-exchanger from the reaction solution,(d) washing the separated ion exchanger with nitric acid to obtain an acid eluate, and(e) exposing the acid eluate to an ion exchanger modified with aminophosphonic acid groups, thereby removing the iron ions from the acid eluate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for obtaining adipic acid from the aqueous nitric acid mother liquors that arise during industrial adipic acid production by(i) removing nitric acid from the aqueous mother liquor by evaporation to a concentrate having a residual content of at most about 2.5 wt. % of HNO.sub.3,(ii) mixing the concentrate obtained according to step (i) with water or dilute aqueous nitric acid in a quantity corresponding to a weight ratio of solid to liquid of about 1:2.1 to about 1:1.2,(iii) allowing the water added in step (ii) or the nitric acid added in step (ii) to act upon the concentrate for at least about 10 minutes at about 20.degree. to about 80.degree. C., and(iv) separating adipic acid as crystals that are formed (1) during step (iii) at temperatures of no more than about 35.degree. C. or (2) after step (iii) by cooling the mixture from step (iii) to about 10.degree. to about 35.degree. C.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the recovery of adipic acid from mother liquors collected during commercial production of adipic acid, wherein said mother liquors contain from 52 to 60% by weight of nitric acid calculated as HNO.sub.3, not taking into account the organic constituents, from 2 to 6% by weight of succinic acid, from 4 to 9% by weight of glutaric acid, and from 5 to 10% by weight of adipic acid, by selective crystallization of the adipic acid dissolved in said mother liquors by(a) adding an aqueous adipic acid solution having an adipic acid content of from 0.5 to 6% by weight to said mother liquor in the temperature range of from 30.degree. to 60.degree. C. in such a quantity that the concentration of nitric acid in the mixture is reduced to 35 to 50% by weight;(b) cooling the mixture by at least 5 degrees Celsius within a period of from 0.