Abstract: A method for manufacturing hybrid optical coatings and hybrid mirror assemblies, including: a) providing a first optical coating having layers of alternating high and low refractive indices of crystalline materials on a first host substrate via an epitaxial growth technique; b) providing a second optical coating having layers of alternating high and low refractive indices of dielectric materials on a second host substrate via a physical vapor deposition (PVD) technique; c) directly bonding the first optical coating to the second optical coating; and d) removing the first host substrate.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure are related to improved processes for making L-ornithine phenylacetate without using any silver salts or forming any L-ornithine intermediate salts, such as a benzoate salt. The present processes may be used in the commercial scale manufacturing of L-ornithine phenylacetate with high yields and low impurities.

Abstract: A method for generating a single-cavity dualcomb or multicomb for laser spectroscopy, the method comprising the steps of providing a laser system comprising a pump source, a gain medium, and a resonator having a spectral filter; spectrally filtering, by the spectral filter, light in the resonator and attenuating, in particular blocking, by the spectral filter, one or more wavelength bands at least one of which being located completely within the gain bandwidth of the laser system such that two or more at least partially separated spectral regions are provided; mode-locking the two or more at least partially separated spectral regions.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure are related to improved processes for making L-ornithine phenylacetate without using any silver salts or forming any L-ornithine intermediate salts, such as a benzoate salt. The present processes may be used in the commercial scale manufacturing of L-ornithine phenylacetate with high yields and low impurities.

Abstract: A method for generating a single-cavity dualcomb or multicomb for laser spectroscopy, the method comprising the steps of providing a laser system comprising a pump source, a gain medium, and a resonator having a spectral filter; spectrally filtering, by the spectral filter, light in the resonator and attenuating, in particular blocking, by the spectral filter, one or more wavelength bands at least one of which being located completely within the gain bandwidth of the laser system such that two or more at least partially separated spectral regions are provided; mode-locking the two or more at least partially separated spectral regions.

Abstract: The filtration of thickened gluten which is obtained as by-product during the production of corn starch can be improved by the reaction of an amylase- and proteinase-activity-free xylanase, hemicellulase and/or glucanase and leads to more rapid draining and retention of the starch content of the thickened gluten.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and apparatus for the regulation of cathode current density in electroplating baths, so that optimum deposition characteristics are obtained. The apparatus includes at least one controllable power supply unit, by means of which the plating current or voltage can be adjusted in accordance with the optimum current density J.sub.O, for the particular electroplating bath involved. The method includes the steps of measuring and adjusting the values of the plating current or voltage of the power supply unit in accordance with values determined from a graph F defined by the function U = F(I)J.sub.O, having the optimum current density J.sub.O as a parameter. The function defines the interdependence between the plating voltage and the current, with the J.sub.O as a parameter.The method facilitates the regulation of cathode current density to optimum deposition conditions, for electroplating articles having unknown and difficult to determine surface areas.