Abstract: Apparatus and methods for resolving a decision conflict without the assistance of moderator are described herein. A representative method comprises providing a party to the decision conflict with a token that represents the first option to resolve the next decision conflict. When two parties are faced with a decision having only one reasonable outcome and the parties want different outcomes, the party with the token can either make the decision and pass the token to the other party, or the party with the token can retain the token and allow the other party to make the decision. In some cases, there is no limit to the number of times the token can be passed each day or how long a party can retain the token. In some cases, the methods and apparatus are modified to allow more than two parties to resolve a decision conflict without moderator intervention.