Abstract: A substrate support is configured to support a substrate. The substrate support comprises a plurality of burls protruding from a base surface of the substrate support. The burls have distal ends in a plane for supporting a lower surface of the substrate with a gap between the base surface of the substrate support and the lower surface of the substrate. The substrate support comprises a liquid supply channel for supplying a conductive liquid to the gap so as to bridge the gap between the base surface of the substrate support and the lower surface of the substrate, thereby allowing charge to pass between the substrate support and the substrate. The substrate support has a controlled electrical potential such that charge distribution at the lower surface of the substrate can be manipulated.

Abstract: A sensor includes two shear-mode piezoelectric transducers, wherein each piezoelectric transducer has a bottom surface and a top surface, wherein the top surfaces of the piezoelectric transducers are rigidly connected to each other, and wherein the bottom surfaces of the piezoelectric transducers are configured to be attached to an object to be measured.

Abstract: A sensor includes two shear-mode piezoelectric transducers, wherein each piezoelectric transducer has a bottom surface and a top surface, wherein the top surfaces of the piezoelectric transducers are rigidly connected to each other, and wherein the bottom surfaces of the piezoelectric transducers are configured to be attached to an object to be measured.

Abstract: A sensor includes two shear-mode piezoelectric transducers, wherein each piezoelectric transducer has a bottom surface and a top surface, wherein the top surfaces of the piezoelectric transducers are rigidly connected to each other, and wherein the bottom surfaces of the piezoelectric transducers are configured to be attached to an object to be measured.

Abstract: A device is for scribing a visible label on the medium includes a head for providing a beam and generating a detector signal in dependence of radiation reflected from the medium, and a focus unit or generating a focus control signal for focusing the beam. A label control unit controls the scribing in dependence of label data. The focus unit detects a focus error by including a focus excitation signal in the focus control signal and detecting a deviation in the detector signal in dependence of the focus excitation signal. The label control unit is for controlling the focus unit in dependence on the label data to detect the focus error during said scribing and without interrupting said scribing.

Abstract: A device is for scribing a visible label on the medium. The medium (11), for example an optical disc, has a label side provided with a radiation sensitive layer for creating the visible label via a beam of radiation. The device has a head (22) and a positioning unit (25) for radially positioning a scribing spot, which unit has a course positioning system by movements of the head and a fine positioning system. The device has a generator unit (32) for, during at least one boundary trace of the substantially parallel traces which precedes or succeeds a head movement, temporarily applying a broadening signal (35) to the fine positioning system for broadening the boundary trace in the transverse direction. This has the advantage that unwritten annular areas called white bands, which may occur due to mismatch of the head movement and the fine positioning system, are reduced or prevented.

Abstract: A device is for scribing a visible label on the medium. The medium (11), for example an optical disc, has a label side provided with a radiation sensitive layer for creating the visible label via a beam of radiation. The device has a head (22) and a positioning unit (25) for radially positioning a scribing spot, which unit has a course positioning system by movements of the head and a fine positioning system. The device has a generator unit (32) for, during at least one boundary trace of the substantially parallel traces which precedes or succeeds a head movement, temporarily applying a broadening signal (35) to the fine positioning system for broadening the boundary trace in the transverse direction. This has the advantage that unwritten annular areas called white bands, which may occur due to mismatch of the head movement and the fine positioning system, are reduced or prevented.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus (1) receives a color input signal (3) and configurable user settings (7). The image processing apparatus (1) is adapted to transform the color input signal (3) into a modified color signal (9) for display on a color display (11). The image processing apparatus (1) transforms one or more colors in the color input signal (3) to another color or colors, such that the image signal can be viewed by a color blind person. The image processing apparatus (1) may also change the brightness level or texture setting of a particular color in order to make the color more visible to a colorblind person. The image processing apparatus is also adaptable to inform a user of the true color of a particular color in the color input signal.

Abstract: A device is for scribing a visible label on the medium. The medium (11), for example an optical disc, has a label side provided with a radiation sensitive layer for creating the visible label via a beam of radiation. The device has a head (22) for providing the beam and generating a detector signal in dependence of radiation reflected from the medium, and a focus unit (32) for generating a focus control signal for focusing the beam. A label control unit (33) controls the scribing in dependence of label data. The focus unit (32) detects a focus error by including a focus excitation signal in the focus control signal and detecting a deviation in the detector signal in dependence of the focus excitation signal. The label control unit (33) is for controlling the focus unit in dependence on the label data to detect the focus error during said scribing and without interrupting said scribing.

Abstract: A spherical aberration correction mechanism is optimised early in the start-up process by measuring responses for various settings of the spherical aberration correction device that are removed from the initial settings of the spherical aberration correction by small amounts and comparing these responses with those anticipated for various of the multiple layers on the optical media. Signal measurements and calibrations can be performed prior to attempting to read data from the disc or concurrently with reading data from the disc. Comparing the responses with ideal, typical or anticipated curves for the various layers can derive the address of the current layer and the desired layer can be immediately accessed.

Abstract: A disk drive comprising a tray (TR) for receiving a disk, the tray (TR) being supported for movement between a first position within a casing (CS) of the disk drive and a second position projecting from the casing (CS), an electric motor for moving the tray (TR) between the first and second positions, and a regulation device for regulating an electric current through the motor for regulating the rotation of the motor. The regulation device comprises a detection device for detecting a back-electromotive voltage produced during rotation of the motor for deriving position information of the tray (TR) with respect to the first and second positions.

Abstract: An apparatus for scanning a track on a record carrier has a head (22) and front end circuitry (31) for scanning the track and generating scanning signals. A detection unit (32) detects anomalies in the scanning signal, for example for adjusting a tracking servo. The detection unit (32) calculates a mean value of the scanning signal and compares the mean value to a threshold for providing an anomaly detection signal (33). Further a classification unit (34) provides an indication of the type of defect for determining a suitable responsive or corrective action.

Abstract: A device in accordance with the invention for recording or reproducing information onto/from a rotating information carrier (10) has rotating element (16) for rotating the information carrier. The device further has conversion (16) for converting a write signal (SW) into a detectable pattern on the information carrier, or for generating a read signal (SLS) in response to a detectable pattern on the information carrier. The device also includes control unit (25, 26) for supplying at least one control signal (SR, SF) to the conversion unit in response to an error signal (RE, FE). The device also includes detection unit (25A, 26A) for generating a detection signal (DR, DF) which is a measure of a periodic variation in the error signal (RE, FE). The device in accordance with the invention is characterized by adjustment unit (29) for influencing the response of the control unit (25, 26) to the error signal (RE, FE) in dependence on the detection signal (DR, DF).

Abstract: A device in accordance with the invention for recording or reproducing information onto/from a rotating information carrier (10) has means (16) for rotating the information carrier. The device further has conversion (16) for converting a write signal (SW) into a detectable pattern on the information carrier, or for generating a read signal (SLS) in response to a detectable pattern on the information carrier. The device also includes control means (25, 26) for supplying at least one control signal (SR, SF) to the conversion means in response to an error signal (RE, FE). The device also includes detection means (25A, 26A) for generating a detection signal (DR, DF) which is a measure of a periodic variation in the error signal (RE, FE). The device in accordance with the invention is characterized by adjustment means (29) for influencing the response of the control means (25, 26) to the error signal (RE, FE) in dependence on the detection signal (DR, DF).