Abstract: The present invention provides a method for the targeted insertion of a nucleotide of interest into a specific chromosomal site within a plant cell. The method comprises the steps of: (a) providing a plant cell, the plant cell optionally but preferably having a heterologous target site on a chromosome thereof, wherein said target site is flanked by at least one recombination site; and then (b) transforming said plant cell with a transformation vector (e.g., with an Agrobacterium transformation vector) carrying a nucleotide sequence of interest, wherein said nucleotide sequence of interest is flanked by at least one recombination site that corresponds to the recombination sites of said target site, so that said nucleotide of interest is inserted into said chromosome at said target site (when a target site is employed).

Abstract: An Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM)-based distributed virtual tandem switching system is provided in which a network of ATM-based devices is combined to create a distributed virtual tandem switch. The system includes an ATM switching network that dynamically sets up individual switched virtual connections. The system also includes a trunk interworking function (T-IWF) device and a centralized control and signaling interworking function (CS-IWF) device. The trunk interworking function device converts end office voice trunks from TDM channels to ATM cells by employing a structured circuit emulation service. The centralized control and signaling interworking function device performs call control functions and interfaces narrowband signaling and broadband signaling for call processing and control within the ATM switching network. Consequently, the ATM based distributed virtual tandem switching system replaces a standard tandem switch in the PSTN.

Abstract: A method for introducing a heterologous nucleic acid of interest into a plant to thereby produce a recombinant plant is carried out by (a) providing a recombinant nucleic acid of interest, the recombinant nucleic acid comprising the heterologous nucleic acid of interest, and preferably including (i) a matrix attachment region (MAR) positioned 5′ to the heterologous DNA, (ii) a MAR positioned 3′ to the heterologous nucleic acid of interest, or (iii) a MAR positioned 5′ to the heterologous nucleic acid of interest and a MAR positioned 3′ to the heterologous nucleic acid of interest; (b) providing meristem tissue of the plant of interest; (c) introducing the recombinant nucleic acid of interest into the meristem tissue; and then (d) propagating a recombinant plant from the meristem tissue, preferably by a direct propagation technique.

Abstract: A method for introducing a heterologous nucleic acid of interest into a plant to thereby produce a recombinant plant is carried out by (a) providing a recombinant nucleic acid of interest, the recombinant nucleic acid comprising the heterologous nucleic acid of interest, and preferably including (i) a matrix attachment region (MAR) positioned 5′ to the heterologous DNA, (ii) a MAR positioned 3′ to the heterologous nucleic acid of interest, or (iii) a MAR positioned 5′ to the heterologous nucleic acid of interest and a MAR positioned 3′ to the heterologous nucleic acid of interest; (b) providing meristem tissue of the plant of interest; (c) introducing the recombinant nucleic acid of interest into the meristem tissue; and then (d) propagating a recombinant plant from the meristem tissue, preferably by a direct propagation technique.

Abstract: An Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM)-based distributed virtual tandem switching system is provided in which a network of ATM-based devices is combined to create a distributed virtual tandem switch. The system includes an ATM switching network that dynamically sets up individual switched virtual connections. The system also includes a trunk interworking function (T-IWF) device and a centralized control and signaling interworking function (CS-IWF) device. The trunk interworking function device converts end office voice trunks from TDM channels to ATM cells by employing a structured circuit emulation service. The centralized control and signaling interworking function device performs call control functions and interfaces narrowband signaling and broadband signaling for call processing and control within the ATM switching network. Consequently, the ATM based distributed virtual tandem switching system replaces a standard tandem switch in the PSTN.

Abstract: An Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM)-based distributed virtual tandem switching system is provided in which a network of ATM-based devices is combined to create a distributed virtual tandem switch. The system includes an ATM switching network that dynamically sets up individual switched virtual connections. The system also includes a trunk interworking function (T-IWF) device and a centralized control and signaling interworking function (CS-IWF) device. The trunk interworking function device converts end office voice trunks from TDM channels to ATM cells by employing a structured circuit emulation service. The centralized control and signaling interworking function device performs call control functions and interfaces narrowband signaling and broadband signaling for call processing and control within the ATM switching network. Consequently, the ATM based distributed virtual tandem switching system replaces a standard tandem switch in the PSTN.

Abstract: An Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM)-based distributed virtual tandem switching system is provided in which a network of ATM-based devices is combined to create a distributed virtual tandem switch. The system includes an ATM switching network that dynamically sets up individual switched virtual connections. The system also includes a trunk interworking function (T-IWF) device and a centralized control and signaling interworking function (CS-IWF) device. The trunk interworking function device converts end office voice trunks from TDM channels to ATM cells by employing a structured circuit emulation service. The centralized control and signaling interworking function device performs call control functions and interfaces narrowband signaling and broadband signaling for call processing and control within the ATM switching network. Consequently, the ATM based distributed virtual tandem switching system replaces a standard tandem switch in the PSTN.

Abstract: An Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM)-based distributed virtual tandem switching system is provided in which a network of ATM-based devices is combined to create a distributed virtual tandem switch. The system includes an ATM switching network that dynamically sets up individual switched virtual connections. The system also includes a trunk interworking function (T-IWF) device and a centralized control and signaling interworking function (CS-IWF) device. The trunk interworking function device converts end office voice trunks from TDM channels to ATM cells by employing a structured circuit emulation service. The centralized control and signaling interworking function device performs call control functions and interfaces narrowband signaling and broadband signaling for call processing and control within the ATM switching network. Consequently, the ATM based distributed virtual tandem switching system replaces a standard tandem switch in the PSTN.

Abstract: An Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM)-based distributed virtual tandem switching system is provided in which a network of ATM-based devices is combined to create a distributed virtual tandem switch. The system includes an ATM switching network that dynamically sets up individual switched virtual connections. The system also includes a trunk interworking function (T-IWF) device and a centralized control and signaling interworking finction (CS-IWF) device. The trunk interworking function device converts end office voice trunks from TDM channels to ATM cells by employing a structured circuit emulation service. The centralized control and signaling interworking function device performs call control functions and interfaces narrowband signaling and broadband signaling for call processing and control within the ATM switching network. Consequently, the ATM based distributed virtual tandem switching system replaces a standard tandem switch in the PSTN.

Abstract: An Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM)-based distributed virtual tandem switching system is provided in which a network of ATM-based devices is combined to create a distributed virtual tandem switch. The system includes an ATM switching network that dynamically sets up individual switched virtual connections. The system also includes a trunk interworking function (T-IWF) device and a centralized control and signaling interworking function (CS-IWF) device. The trunk interworking function device converts end office voice trunks from TDM channels to ATM cells by employing a structured circuit emulation service. The centralized control and signaling interworking function device performs call control functions and interfaces narrowband signaling and broadband signaling for call processing and control within the ATM switching network. Consequently, the ATM based distributed virtual tandem switching system replaces a standard tandem switch in the PSTN.

Abstract: Methods of producing polyolefin polymers by polymerizing an .alpha.-olefin in the presence of a catalyst including a pro-catalyst having a magnesium halide, an aluminum halide, a tetravalent titanium halide, an electron donor, and a silane having the formula R.sub.1 R.sub.2 Si(OR.sub.3) (OR.sub.4), wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each an H, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, aryl, C.sub.5-12 cycloalkyl, each of which may be unsubstituted, mono- or di-substituted, and R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are H, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, or a mono- or di-substituted C.sub.1-6 alkyl, and a co-catalyst comprising an organometallic compound, or reaction products of the pro-catalyst and the co-catalyst, wherein the electron donor is present in an amount sufficient to reduce the stickiness of the resultant polyolefin polymers. Moreover, the polymers produced thereby, and methods of preparing resultant products from the polymers are part of the present invention.

Abstract: A catalyst for use in the production of flexible polyolefins using a pro-catalyst of (a) a magnesium halide, (b) an aluminum halide, (c) a tetravalent titanium halide, (d) an electron donor comprising at least one of 2,6-lutidine, 6-chloro-2-picoline, or 2,6-dichloropyridine; and (e) a silane having the formula R.sub.1 R.sub.2 Si(OR.sub.3)(OR.sub.4), wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are each an H, C.sub.1-6 alkyl, C.sub.1-6 aryl, C.sub.5-12 cycloalkane, each of which may be unsubstituted, mono- or di-substituted, and R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are H, C.sub.1-6 alkane, or a mono- or di-substituted C.sub.1-6 alkane, and a co-catalyst of an organometallic compound, as well as an optional external modifier that may be combined to form a catalyst. Methods for preparing the catalyst, for using the same to produce flexible polyolefin compositions having reduced stickiness and tacticity, and the flexible polyolefin compositions produced thereby are also part of the invention.

Abstract: A nuclear scaffold attachment region isolated from a tobacco gene, and a method of making recombinant cells having increased levels of expression of foreign genes therein, are described. The method comprises transforming the cell with a DNA construct comprising in the 5' to 3' direction, a transcription initiation region, a structural gene positioned downstream from the transcription initiation region and operatively associated therewith, and a scaffold attachment region of the nucleotide sequence provided herein, positioned either 5' to the transcription initiation region or 3' to the structural gene. DNA constructs and vectors employed in carrying out the foregoing method are also discussed.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of making recombinant plant cells having reduced variability of expression and increased levels of expression of foreign genes therein. The method comprises (a) providing a plant cell capable of regeneration; (b) transforming the plant cell with a DNA construct comprising an expression cassette, which construct comprises, in the 5' to 3' direction, a transcription initiation region, a structural gene positioned downstream from the transcription initiation region and operatively associated therewith, and a scaffold attachment region positioned either 5' to the transcription initiation region or 3' to the structural gene, the expression cassette subject to the proviso that T-DNA borders are excluded therefrom. DNA constructs and vectors employed in carrying out the foregoing method are also disclosed, along with plant cells and plants produced thereby.

Abstract: Amorphous propylene/1-butene and ethylene/propylene copolymers having increased tensile properties produced by the process comprising:reacting propylene and 1-butene monomers or ethylene and propylene monomers in the presence of a catalyst system comprising:(a) a solid supported catalyst component is prepared by the method comprising: (i) co-comminuting magnesium halide support base and aluminum trihalide in a molar ratio from about 8:0.5 to about 8:3 in the absence of added electron donor; and (ii) then co-comminuting the product of step (i) in the absence of added electron donor with sufficient titanium tetrahalide to provide a molar ratio of magnesium halide to titanium tetrahalide from about 8:0.1 to about 8:1.0;(b) a trialkylaluminum co-catalyst, having from 1 to 9 carbon atoms in each alkyl group in an amount such that the Al/Ti ratio is between about 50:1 and about 500:1; and(c) an alkoxy silane component of the formula R.sub.n Si(OR').sub.4-n where n=1-3, R=aryl or alkyl and R'=C.sub.1-3 alkyl.

Abstract: Amorphous propylene/1-butene and ethylene/propylene copolymers having increased tensile properties produced by the process comprising:reacting propylene and 1-butene monomers or ethylene and propylene monomers in the presence of a catalyst system comprising:(a) a solid supported catalyst component is prepared by the method comprising: (i) co-comminuting magnesium halide support base and aluminum trihalide in a molar ratio from about 8:0.5 to about 8:3 in the absence of added electron donor; and (ii) then co-comminuting the product of step (i) in the absence of added electron donor with sufficient titanium tetrahalide to provide a molar ratio of magnesium halide to titanium tetrahalide from about 8:0.1 to about 8:1.0;(b) a trialkylaluminum co-catalyst, having from 1 to 9 carbon atoms in each alkyl group in an amount such that the Al/Ti ratio is between about 50:1 and about 500:1; and(c) an alkoxy silane component of the formula R.sub.n Si(OR').sub.4-n where n=1-3, R=aryl or alkyl and R'=C.sub.1-3 alkyl.

Abstract: Amorphous propylene/1-butene and ethylene/propylene copolymers having increased tensile properties produced by the process comprising:reacting propylene and 1-butene monomers or ethylene and propylene monomers in the presence of a catalyst system comprising:(a) a solid supported catalyst component is prepared by the method comprising: (i) co-comminuting magnesium halide support base and alumminum trihalide in a molar ratio from about 8:0.5 to about 8:3 in the absence of added electron donor; and (ii) then co-comminuting the product of step (i) in the absence of added electron donor with sufficient titanium tetrahalide to provide a molar ratio of magnesium halide to titanium tetrahalide from about 8:0.1 to about 8:1.0;(b) a trialkylaluminum co-catalyst, having from 1 to 9 carbon atoms in each alkyl group in an amount such that the Al/Ti ratio is between about 50:1 and about 500:1; and(c) an alkoxy silane component of the formula R.sub.n Si(OR').sub.4-n where n=1-3, R=aryl or alkyl and R'=C.sub.1-3 alkyl.

Abstract: A radiation resistant resin suitable for the manufacture of, for example, disposable medical supplies comprises a semicrystalline polypropylene or propylene-ethylene and from 1500 to 5000 ppm triallyl trimellitate. The resin exhibits substantially no increase in melt flow rate after irradiation to a dosage of up to 5 Mrads, and may contain up to about 5% by weight of a polybutylene and/or up to about 3000 ppm of a sorbital based clarifying agent.

Abstract: A process for the production of propylene/1-butene copolymers comprising:reacting propylene and 1-butene monomers in the presence of a catalyst system comprising:(a) a solid supported catalyst component is prepared by the method comprising: (i) co-comminuting magnesium halide support base and aluminum trihalide in a molar ratio from about 8:0.5 to about 8:3 in the absence of added electron donor; and (ii) then co-comminuting the product of step (i) in the absence of added electron donor with sufficient titanium tetrahalide to provide a molar ratio of magnesium halide to titanium tetrahalide from about 8:0.1 to about 8:1.0.(b) a trialkylaluminum co-catalyst, having from 1 to 9 carbon atoms in each alkyl group in an amount such that the Al/Ti ratio is between about 50:1 and about 500:1.(c) an alkoxy silane component of the formula R.sub.n Si(OR').sub.4-n where n=1-3, R=aryl or alkyl and R'=C.sub.

Abstract: Novel, substantially amorphous copolymers of propylene and ethylene are disclosed. The polymers have properties which make them applicable for use, e.g., as hot melt adhesives and as blending components in roofing materials.