Abstract: According to various embodiments, a wireless communication device divides a plurality of transmission beams into one or more groups of transmission beams including at least a first group of transmission beams. The wireless communication device determines a first sensing beam requirement for the first group of transmission beams. The wireless communication device determines a first sensing beam and a first scale factor so that the first sensing beam satisfies the first sensing beam requirement scaled by the first scale factor. The first sensing beam is selected from a set of candidate sensing beams. The wireless communication device performs a first Clear Channel Assessment (CCA) using the first sensing beam and a first energy detection threshold (EDT), the first EDT determined in accordance with the first scale factor.

Abstract: Embodiments are provided herein for determining a synchronizing master for device-to-device (D2D) communication in a cellular network environment. In an embodiment, a user equipment (UE) receives a discovery signal comprising a timing reference, and determines a transmitter of the discovery signal. In accordance with the determination of the transmitter of the discovery signal, the UE performs one of synchronizing to the timing reference in the discovery signal and transmitting a second discovery signal. The UE performs the synchronizing to the timing reference if the transmitter of the discovery is a cellular network. Alternatively, the UE transmits the second discovery signal upon determining that the transmitter of the discovery signal is a second UE that is out of coverage of a cellular network.

Abstract: A method for operating a user equipment (UE) in a wireless communications system includes the UE decoding a master information block (MIB) or a system information block (SIB) or both a MIB and a SIB received from a base station, determining that discovery burst transmission window (DBTW) is enabled, in accordance with at least the decoded MIB or SIB, decoding DBTW parameters, and executing a random access channel (RACH) procedure in accordance with the decoded DBTW parameters.

Abstract: A method performed by a first device includes communicating, by the first device, with a second device, a line of sight (LOS) determination request including a LOS indicator indicating that a LOS procedure is used in LOS characterization of a transmission between the first device and the second device; transmitting, by the second device, a first set of reference signals, via a first plurality of transmitting resources; and measuring, by the first device, a second set of reference signals, transmitted by the second device, via a second plurality of receiving resources. This method comprises of both embodiments when there is LOS characterization transmission between the first device and the second device, and when there is no LOS characterization transmission between the first device and the second device.

Abstract: An access node such as a gNB, when determining that a communication channel in a shared spectrum is clear, may send downlink control information (DCI) triggering a user equipment (UE) to measure a resource to determine whether the communication channel is available for the UE. The UE, triggered by the DCI, may measure received energy on resource, generate a measurement report and send the measurement report to the access node. The access node may determine whether to transmit data to the UE in the communication channel based on the measurement report.

Abstract: A user equipment (UE) in a frame based equipment (FBE) mode may determine that a communication channel in an unlicensed spectrum is available for use, and transmit, in the communication channel, a transmission to a gNB in a fixed frame period (FFP) associated with the UE to initiate a channel occupancy time (COT) by the UE in the FFP. The transmission starts at the beginning of the FFP and ends before an idle period within the FFP. The gNB receives the transmission and, based thereon, determines that the UE has initiated the COT. The gNB may acknowledge or reject initiation of the COT by the UE.

Abstract: A method for providing user equipment access to millimeter wave stations through a microwave station includes receiving an indication of millimeter wave stations operating within a microwave coverage area of a microwave station. In a microwave band, information associated with the millimeter wave stations is broadcasted to user equipment in the microwave coverage area. A request is sent to the millimeter wave stations to transmit configuration signals over a microwave band. An instruction is transmitted over the microwave band to the user equipment to perform proximity measurements of the configuration signals. According to the proximity measurements, a request is sent to a particular millimeter wave station to transmit beamforming signals over a millimeter wave band. An instruction is transmitted over the microwave band to the user equipment to perform beamforming measurements of the beamforming signals. According to the beamforming measurements, the user equipment is switched to millimeter wave operation.

Abstract: Embodiments are provided herein for determining a synchronizing master for device-to-device (D2D) communication in a cellular network environment. In an embodiment, a user equipment (UE) receives a discovery signal comprising a timing reference, and determines a transmitter of the discovery signal. In accordance with the determination of the transmitter of the discovery signal, the UE performs one of synchronizing to the timing reference in the discovery signal and transmitting a second discovery signal. The UE performs the synchronizing to the timing reference if the transmitter of the discovery is a cellular network. Alternatively, the UE transmits the second discovery signal upon determining that the transmitter of the discovery signal is a second UE that is out of coverage of a cellular network.

Abstract: A method for vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication in a wireless network is provided. The method includes transmitting, by a base station, a resource grant message to a first user equipment (UE), the resource grant message identifying available resources for V2X communication by the first UE. The method further includes receiving, by the base station, a feedback report from a second UE, the feedback report indicating a quality of the V2X communication by the first UE.

Abstract: A method for vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication in a wireless network, the method includes determining, by a first User Equipment (UE), a V2X carrier load in a coverage area of a base station, and transmitting, by the first UE, a data message over an air interface using either a random resource selection technique or a resource sensing multiple access technique based on the V2X carrier load in the coverage area of the base station.

Abstract: A method performed by a first device is disclosed that includes sending a light of sight, LOS, determination request to a second device which communicates with the first device, wherein the LOS determination request includes an indication of a dual polarization procedure for Line of Sight (LOS), with the indication of the dual polarization procedure for LOS is used indicating that a same sequence of bits is sent at two polarizations to the same direction; a channel measurement for each of the two received sequences at the two polarizations is compared to determine whether a transmission between the first device and the second is LOS or NLOS.

Abstract: Embodiments are provided herein for determining a synchronizing master for device-to-device (D2D) communication in a cellular network environment. In an embodiment, a user equipment (UE) receives a discovery signal comprising a timing reference, and determines a transmitter of the discovery signal. In accordance with the determination of the transmitter of the discovery signal, the UE performs one of synchronizing to the timing reference in the discovery signal and transmitting a second discovery signal. The UE performs the synchronizing to the timing reference if the transmitter of the discovery is a cellular network. Alternatively, the UE transmits the second discovery signal upon determining that the transmitter of the discovery signal is a second UE that is out of coverage of a cellular network.

Abstract: A method for vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication in a wireless network is provided. The method includes transmitting, by a base station, a resource grant message to a first user equipment (UE), the resource grant message identifying available resources for V2X communication by the first UE. The method further includes receiving, by the base station, a feedback report from a second UE, the feedback report indicating a quality of the V2X communication by the first UE.

Abstract: A method performed by a first device includes communicating, with a second device, a LOS determination request including a dual polarization procedure indicator indicating a dual polarization procedure is used in LOS characterization of a transmission between the first device and the second device, measuring a first signal on a first resource of a channel, and measuring a second signal on a second resource of the channel, with the first and second signals comprising a single bit sequence with orthogonal polarizations and are multiplexed in a frequency domain or a code domain.

Abstract: A method for multiple association includes associating with a first access point (AP) in a primary basic service set (BSS), associating with a second AP in a secondary BSS, informing the first and second APs of an inter-BSS relaying capability of a doubly-associated station, and relaying data between the first AP and the second AP.

Abstract: Embodiments are provided for identifying transitory WiFi users and providing a differential treatment of such users in terms of delaying associating steps between user stations (STAs) and an access point (AP). A transitory user refers to a user or user device that connects to a WiFi AP but does not run applications that require association or assigning IP addresses, such as short-term or temporary connected WiFi users that are on the move. In an embodiment, a STA connects to an AP. Upon the STA indicating its transitory behavior to the AP or the AP detecting criteria of transitory behavior of the STA, the STA obtains a delay time value from the AP. The STA then delays sending an association request to the AP, or alternatively, the AP delays handling the association request from the STA in accordance with the delay time value.

Abstract: A method for multiple association includes associating with a first access point (AP) in a primary basic service set (BSS), associating with a second AP in a secondary BSS, informing the first and second APs of an inter-BSS relaying capability of a doubly-associated station, and relaying data between the first AP and the second AP.

Abstract: A physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) region of a subframe may include a reference signal (RS) section that includes one or more of a beam-scanning subsection, a transmit (TX) beam-tracking subsection, a receive (RX) beam-tracking subsection, and a channel state information (CSI) subsection. Reference signals in the TX beam-tracking subsection may be used to update TX analog beams. Reference signals in the RX beam-tracking subsection may be used to update RX analog beams. Reference signals in the beam-scanning subsection may be used to evaluate different combinations of TX and RX analog beams for use in a future directional data transmission. Reference signals in the CSI subsection may be transmitted over quasi-co-located (QCL) antenna ports, and may be used for purposes of channel estimation.

Abstract: A physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) region of a subframe may include a reference signal (RS) section that includes one or more of a beam-scanning subsection, a transmit (TX) beam-tracking subsection, a receive (RX) beam-tracking subsection, and a channel state information (CSI) subsection. Reference signals in the TX beam-tracking subsection may be used to update TX analog beams. Reference signals in the RX beam-tracking subsection may be used to update RX analog beams. Reference signals in the beam-scanning subsection may be used to evaluate different combinations of TX and RX analog beams for use in a future directional data transmission. Reference signals in the CSI subsection may be transmitted over quasi-co-located (QCL) antenna ports, and may be used for purposes of channel estimation.

Abstract: A physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) region of a subframe may include a reference signal (RS) section that includes one or more of a beam-scanning subsection, a transmit (TX) beam-tracking subsection, a receive (RX) beam-tracking subsection, and a channel state information (CSI) subsection. Reference signals in the TX beam-tracking subsection may be used to update TX analog beams. Reference signals in the RX beam-tracking subsection may be used to update RX analog beams. Reference signals in the beam-scanning subsection may be used to evaluate different combinations of TX and RX analog beams for use in a future directional data transmission. Reference signals in the CSI subsection may be transmitted over quasi-co-located (QCL) antenna ports, and may be used for purposes of channel estimation.