Abstract: An earphone system comprising an ear canal portion with an interior surface having a logarithmic spiral taper shape, a base portion, and a speaker, wherein the ear canal portion and the base portion detachably engage to hold the speaker between and within the ear canal portion and the base portion. In some embodiments, the logarithmic spiral taper shape may further be a golden spiral taper shape, a Fibonacci spiral taper shape, or a cochleal taper shape.

Abstract: An earphone system comprising an ear canal portion with an interior surface having a logarithmic spiral taper shape, a base portion, and a speaker, wherein the ear canal portion and the base portion detachably engage to hold the speaker between and within the ear canal portion and the base portion. In some embodiments, the logarithmic spiral taper shape may further be a golden spiral taper shape, a Fibonacci spiral taper shape, or a cochleal taper shape.

Abstract: A conductor includes a central element having a length, a plurality of insulated strands disposed about the central element in at least first and second concentric layers, a layer of a dielectric material having a velocity of propagation disposed around the plurality of insulated strands. Each of the plurality of insulated strands has a conductive element and a layer of insulative material disposed around the conductive element and a length approximately equal to an inverse of the velocity of propagation of associated dielectric materials multiplied by the product of the length of the central element and the number one hundred.

Abstract: In general, a conductor is provided. A conductor includes a central element having a length, a plurality of insulated strands disposed about the central element in at least first and second concentric layers, a layer of a dielectric material having a velocity of propagation disposed around the plurality of insulated strands. Each of the plurality of insulated strands has a conductive element and a layer of insulative material disposed around the conductive element and a length approximately equal to an inverse of the velocity of propagation of associated dielectric materials multiplied by the product of the length of the central element and the number one hundred.

Abstract: Microphone diaphragms are provided having an active area with a periphery defined by at least a portion of a logarithmic curve. In some embodiments, the periphery is defined by at least a portion of a golden spiral. The microphone diaphragms may be used in pressure microphones.