Abstract: The present invention is a method for the non-intrusive determination of average particle velocity and average particle mass density from the mass flux and RMS acceleration in a gas/particle transfer line. The method includes the steps of determining the RMS acceleration of the wall of the transfer line at one or more positions along the length of the transfer line, determining the average mass flux through the transfer line, and from both quantities determining the average particle mass density or the average particle velocity from the RMS acceleration and the average mass flux.

Abstract: The present invention is a method for non-intrusively monitoring the chemical and physical processes associated with gas generation in the feed riser of a cat-cracker and the correlation of those changes in these processes to changes in the output product produced the cat-cracker. The method includes the steps of measuring RMS accelerations along a feed riser at one or more positions, determining the initial RMS acceleration at each of these positions when the unit is operating at its desired performance, comparing the measured FRP to the reference FRP when said reactor is operating at its desired performance and determining the reference FRP, and determining the change in the FRP.

Abstract: A method for measuring the mass flow rate of liquid flow exiting a two phase (gas/liquid) feed nozzle. The method includes determining the Power Spectral Density from the output of a vibrational sensor (accelerometer or dynamic pressure sensor) in close proximity to the nozzle or in contact with the fluid within the nozzle in a frequency band that includes resonant peaks whose magnitude or area is strongly dependent on the mass flow rate of the liquid and which increases as the flow increases. Measurement of the area of the resonant peaks or of a band of frequencies that includes them can be correlated with the liquid flow and is insensitive to the gas flow.

Abstract: A method for measuring the mass flow rate of liquid flow exiting a two phase (gas/liquid) feed nozzle. The method includes determining the Power Spectral Density from the output of an accelerometer in close proximity to the restriction orifice controlling the gas flow, or determining the Power Spectral Density from the output of a pressure transducer in contact with the gas flow on the down stream side of the restriction orifice. The liquid flow can then be obtained from a predetermined correlation between the RMS Vibrational Signal and the mass or liquid flow rate.

Abstract: A on-line method for detecting erosion or plugging for manifolded feed nozzle systems which carry two-phase liquid/gas flow by determining a liquid flow parameter related to liquid flow. The method can determine whether the erosion is at the liquid nozzle or the gas restriction orifice. The amount of erosion or plugging can be quantified.

Abstract: A method for the non-intrusive determination of flow anisotropy through the cross-section of a two phase fluid bed reactor.

Abstract: Passive coustic method for monitoring and controlling flow state of two phase fluids through feed nozzles and thereby improving operating stability and high product value yields in major refinery processes or any other process where a finely atomized liquid stream exiting the nozzle is important.

Abstract: A method for the non-intrusive determination of the bed level in two phase fluid bed reactor using wall vibrations of the reactor.

Abstract: A process for the detection and measurement of wall coke at a specific location in a fluid bed coker through the measurement of the vibrations of the external shell of the coker at the location.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the detection and measurement of wall coke at a specific location in a fluid bed coker through the measurement of the vibrations of the external shell of the coker at that location.

Abstract: Passive acoustic method for monitoring and controlling flow state of two phase fluids through feed nozzles and thereby improving operating stability and high product value yields in major refinery processes or any other process where a finely atomized liquid stream exiting the nozzle is important.