Abstract: An apparatus for performing a binding assay for an analyte of interest present in a sample based upon measurement of electrochemiluminescence at an electrode surface comprising a cell defining a sample containing volume intersecting with inlet and outlet means, an electrode having a substantially horizontally positioned surface exposed to and positioned below a portion of the sample containing volume, means for impressing electrochemical energy upon said electrode sufficient to generate luminescence, means for magnetically collecting particles along said surface and means for measuring the luminescence generated at said electrode.

Abstract: The invention provides compositions and kits for performing a binding assay for an analyte of interest present in a sample based upon electrochemiluminescence. The compositions and kits comprise an electrochemiluminescent label, collectable particles, binding reagents, and an electrolyte.

Abstract: An apparatus for performing a binding assay for an analyte of interest in a sample based upon measurement of clectrochemiluminescence at an electrode surface comprising: (a) a cell defining a sample; (b) an electrode adjacent a portion of the sample containing volume; (c) a voltage control device for impressing electrochemical energy upon the electrode sufficient to generate luminescence; (d) means for magnetically collecting particles along the electrode surface; and (e) a light detection device for measuring the luminescence.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods of performing a binding assay for an analyte of interest present in a sample based upon electrochemiluminescence at an electrode of interest. Particles are employed in the method, which are then collected in a zone at which electrochemiluminescence can be induced, wherein the amount of induced electrochemiluminescence is related to the amount of analyte in the sample.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods, apparatus, reagents, and kits for performing a binding assay for an analyte of interest present in a sample based upon electrochemiluminescence at an electrode of interest. In the method, reagents and kits particles can be employed; for instance, for settling upon the electrode surface by gravity, centrifugation or magnetic attraction. The apparatus can include a magnet for generating a magnetic field in a region proximate the electrode.

Abstract: The invention relates to methods of performing a binding assay for an analyte of interest present in a sample based upon electrochemiluminescence at an electrode of interest. Particles are employed in the method, which are then collected in a zone at which electrochemiluminescence can be induced, wherein the amount of induced electrochemilurninescence is related to the amount of analyte in the sample.

Abstract: An apparatus for performing a binding assay for an analyte of interest present in a sample based upon measurement of electrochemiluminescence at an electrode surface comprising a cell defining a sample containing volume intersecting with inlet and outlet means, an electrode having a substantially horizontally positioned surface exposed to and positioned below a portion of the sample containing volume, means for impressing electrochemical energy upon said electrode sufficient to generate luminescence, means for magnetically collecting particles along said surface and means for measuring the luminescence generated at said electrode.

Abstract: Disclosed and claimed are methods and apparatus for performing a binding assay for an analyte of interest present in a sample based upon measurement of electrochemiluminescence at an electrode. The method uses magnetically responsive particles. The method and apparatus call for a plurality of electromagnets or permanent magnets in north-south orientation for imposing a magnetic field so as to collect the particles.

Abstract: Rapid and accurate identifying and enumerating of microorganisms is carried out with an apparatus having an electrical cell, an optical sensing assembly, an automated microbial sample delivery means and an electrical signal processing means. The electrical cell contains a chamber having an inlet and outlet and paired electrodes located adjacent walls of the chamber. The optical sensing assembly has a laser light source to pass a beam of laser light through the electrical cell and between the electrodes, and a laser light detector in alignment with the light source to receive laser light emerging from the electrical cell. The electrical signal processing means translates variations in birefringence caused by a microbial sample into quantitative data. In operation of the apparatus, a polarized beam of laser light passes through a microbial sample containing an inhibiting reagent while the sample is in an electrical field between the electrodes, and the extend of birefringence is measured.

Abstract: A process and apparatus is disclosed for rapid and accurate identifying and enumerating of microorganisms. A sample believed to contain a certain microorganism is combined with an inhibiting reagent having a known specificity for the microorganism. The combined sample and inhibiting reagent is placed in an alternating current electrical field having a frequency sufficiently high to cause alignment of microbial cells in the sample. A polarized beam of laser light is then passed through the sample and the extent of birefringence is measured. The measured birefringence is compared with that of a control sample known to contain the microorganism under investigation to determine the microorganism in the sample.

Abstract: A diagnostic composition for the detection of hepatitis B surface antigen in blood serum which comprises an aqueous suspension of finely divided synthetic resin particles of substantially uniform size coated with purified antibody specific to hepatitis B surface antigen is employed in a differentiating method where rheumatoid factor, which may cause nonspecific reactions, is absorbed with latex beads coated with human gamma globulin.