Abstract: The present invention is based on the discovery and cloning of the human small conductance calcium activated potassium channel type 3 (hKCa3/KCNN3) gene, which is expressed in neuronal cells, skeletal muscle, heart, and lymphocytes. Alterations in the hKCa3/KCNN3 gene or its protein product may enhance susceptibility to schizophrenia and/or bipolar disorder. hKCa3/KCNN3 may be involved in neuropsychiatric, neurological, neuromuscular, and immunological disorders. Substantially purified hKCa3/KCNN3 polypeptides and polynucleotides are provided. Antibodies which bind to hKCa3/KCNN3 polypeptides are also disclosed. A method for identifying a compound which affects hKCa3/KCNN3 polynucleotide or polypeptide is provided. A method for diagnosis and determining the prognosis and treatment regimen of a subject having or at risk of having a hKCa3/KCNN3-associated disorder is also provided.

Abstract: An x-ray imaging apparatus for mammography. The apparatus places the focal spot of the x-ray source as close as possible to a compression paddle or into a desired region of tissue. The apparatus comprises an x-ray source, a collimator with conditioning optics which focus and direct x-ray radiation to a metal pseudo-target in the collimator or a needle placed along the x-ray beam, paddles for breast compression and a detector. The pseudo-target re-emits monochromatic x-ray radiation with an energy, intensity, and space distribution that are adjustable in accordance with a desired imaging procedure.

Abstract: The invention is directed to an x-ray device and method for radiation treatment comprising an x-ray source 1, a collimator 4 incorporating conditional optics, such as a capillary lens 3 for directing and focusing the x-ray radiation, and implantable needles. One or more capillary semilenses 16, 17 are positioned along the optical axis of the x-ray beam allow to form a movable focus by changing the distance between the semilenses. The input end of the collimator 4 is optically and mechanically conjugated with the x-ray source 1. The output end of the collimator is optically and mechanically conjugated with an originating end of the needle 5. At its output end is a transparent window 6 on which can repose a layer 13 that substantially absorbs and re-emits radiation which passes through the window 6.

Abstract: An x-ray imaging apparatus for mammography. The apparatus places the focal spot of the x-ray source as close as possible to a compression paddle or into a desired region of tissue. The apparatus comprises an x-ray source, a collimator with conditioning optics which focus and direct x-ray radiation to a metal pseudo-target in the collimator or a needle placed along the x-ray beam, paddles for breast compression and a detector. The pseudo-target re-emits monochromatic x-ray radiation with an energy, intensity, and space distribution that are adjustable in accordance with a desired imaging procedure.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and apparatus for the continuous manufacturing of optical memory or optical memory substrates, and/or optical disks, which includes supplying a web of material to a substrate forming apparatus, embossing a microform image onto a polymeric film, such as an information track structure for an optical device, onto one or both sides of the web with a flat stamper and punching a hole through the web during the embossing. During the embossing, the polymeric material is heated to above the glass transition temperature (Tg). A flat stamper limits the potential for warp in the web, particularly when the web is stabilized in the stamp zone. The disclosed invention is particularly useful in the production of optical disk substrates, such as polycarbonate, having a thickness of 0.6 mm or less.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for the continuous manufacturing of optical memory or optical memory substrates, and/or optical disks, which includes supplying a web of polymeric material between two mating platens, melt-forming at least one microform image, such as an information track structure for an optical device, into the web with a substantially flat stamper, heating a substantial portion of the melt formed cross section of the web of polymeric material to the melt flow temperature (Tf) of the polymeric material. The invention discloses several embodiments for melt-forming an information structure and depositing several layers onto information structure to produce an optical memory device.

Abstract: The present invention is based on the discovery and cloning of the human small conductance calcium activated potassium channel type 3 (hKCa3/KCNN3) gene, which is expressed in neuronal cells, skeletal muscle, heart, and lymphocytes. Alterations in the hKCa3/KCNN3 gene or its protein product may enhance susceptibility to schizophrenia and/or bipolar disorder. hKCa3/KCNN3 may be involved in neuropsychiatric, neurological, neuromuscular, and immunological disorders. Substantially purified hKCa3/KCNN3 polypeptides and polynucleotides are provided. Antibodies which bind to hKCa3/KCNN3 polypeptides are also disclosed. A method for identifying a compound which affects hKCa3/KCNN3 polynucleotide or polypeptide is provided. A method for diagnosis and determining the prognosis and treatment regimen of a subject having or at risk of having a hKCa3/KCNN3-associated disorder is also provided.

Abstract: The present invention is based on the discovery and cloning of the human small conductance calcium activated potassium channel type 3 (hKCa3/KCNN3) gene, which is expressed in neuronal cells, skeletal muscle, heart, and lymphocytes. Alterations in the hKCa3/KCNN3 gene or its protein product may enhance susceptibility to schizophrenia and/or bipolar disorder. hKCa3/KCNN3 may be involved in neuropsychiatric, neurological, neuromuscular, and immunological disorders. Substantially purified hKCa3/KCNN3 polypeptides and polynucleotides are provided. Antibodies which bind to hKCa3/KCNN3 polypeptides are also disclosed. A method for identifying a compound which affects hKCa3/KCNN3 polynucleotide or polypeptide is provided. A method for diagnosis and determining the prognosis and treatment regimen of a subject having or at risk of having a hKCa3/KCNN3-associated disorder is also provided.

Abstract: An x-ray system for treatment cancer by delivering x-ray radiation directly to a desired region of tissue comprising an x-ray source with directed narrow space distribution of x-rays (linear accelerator), conditioning optics which direct and monochromotize x-ray radiation, an implantable needle with means for shaping beam installed across the x-ray beam, and expanding pipe-guide connecting conditioning optics with implantable needle whereby the energy, intensity, and space distribution of the delivered to the tumor x-ray radiation may be adjusted in accordance with the predefined treatment requirements.

Abstract: An X-ray source is provided for delivering a high intensity X-ray beam with a predefined energy level of monochromatization, intensity and spatial distribution to a desired region of a sample. The source includes a linear accelerator with a thin anode 4, an electron trap 5 for separating an electron beam from an X-ray beam and conditioning optics which direct, shape and monochromatize the X-ray beam. The conditioning optics include a housing 8 within which are contained entrance slits, multi layer Kirkpatrick-Baez mirrors, exit slits, and a stop diaphragm. The invention also include a method of generating X-rays and a method of using them.

Abstract: An X-ray source is provided for delivering a high intensity X-ray beam with a predefined energy level of monochromatization, intensity and spatial distribution to a desired region of a sample. The source includes a linear accelerator with a thin anode 4, an electron trap 5 for separating an electron beam from an X-ray beam and conditioning optics which direct, shape and monochromatize the X-ray beam. The conditioning optics include a housing 8 within which are contained entrance slits, multi layer Kirkpatrick-Baez mirrors, exit slits, and a stop diaphragm. The invention also include a method of generating X-rays and a method of using them.

Abstract: An x-ray system for treatment cancer by delivering x-ray radiation directly to a desired region of tissue comprising an x-ray source with directed narrow space distribution of x-rays (linear accelerator), conditioning optics which direct and monochromotize x-ray radiation, an implantable needle with means for shaping beam installed across the x-ray beam, and expanding pipe-guide connecting conditioning optics with implantable needle whereby the energy, intensity, and space distribution of the delivered to the tumor x-ray radiation may be adjusted in accordance with the predefined treatment requirements.

Abstract: The present invention is based on the discovery and cloning of the human small conductance calcium activated potassium channel type 3 (hKCa3/KCNN3) gene, which is expressed in neuronal cells, skeletal muscle, heart, and lymphocytes. Alterations in the hKCa3/KCNN3 gene or its protein product may enhance susceptibility to schizophrenia and/or bipolar disorder. hKCa3/KCNN3 may be involved in neuropsychiatric, neurological, neuromuscular, and immunological disorders. Substantially purified hKCa3/KNN3 polypeptides and polynucleotides are provided. Antibodies which bind to hKCa3/KCNN3 polypeptides are also disclosed. A method for identifying a compound which affects hKCa3/KCNN3 polynucleotide or polypeptide is provided. A method for diagnosis and determining the prognosis and treatment regimen of a subject having or at risk of having a hKCa3/KCNN3-associated disorder is also provided.

Abstract: An x-ray reflecting system comprising a Kirkpatrick-Baez side-by-side optic in a single corner configuration having multi-layer Bragg x-ray reflective surfaces.

Abstract: An x-ray reflecting system comprising a plurality of x-ray reflectors, wherein the x-ray reflectors are coupled together to form a Kirkpatrick-Baez side-by-side system of multiple corners and may include multi-layer or graded-d multi-layer Bragg x-ray reflective surfaces.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to the n K.sup.+ channel expression product of the MK3 gene or a functionally bioactive equivalent thereof and its uses, particulary in combination with identifying immune responses and materials modulating or blocking same.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel methods of producing flat and curved optical elements with laterally and depth graded multilayer thin films, in particular multilayers of extremely high precision, for use with soft and hard x-rays and neutrons and the optical elements achieved by these methods. In order to improve the performance of an optical element, errors in d spacing and curvature are isolated and subsequently compensated.

Abstract: An optical system for providing a steerable monochromatized source of x-ray or neutron radiation. The system incorporates a radiation source and a Bragg structure reflective optical element. A stage causes the optical element to move relative to the radiation source. Such movement is coordinated with lateral d-layer grading such that Bragg's law of reflection is satisfied for radiation of a given wavelength bandwidth to be reflected at various instances and departure angles.

Abstract: This invention relates to novel methods of producing flat and curved optical elements with laterally and depth graded multilayer thin films, in particular multilayers of extremely high precision, for use with soft and hard x-rays and neutrons and the optical elements achieved by these methods. In order to improve the performance of an optical element, errors in d spacing and curvature are isolated and subsequently compensated.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to the identification of a new voltage-gated potassium channel gene, Kv1.7, which is expressed in pancreatic .beta.-cells. The invention utilizes this new potassium channel for assays designed to identify extrinsic materials with the ability to modulate said channel for the development of therapeutics effective in the treatment of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.