Abstract: The present invention provides balloon dissection apparatus and methods of use in which an elongate balloon is utilized to dissect along a region that follows a naturally existing path alongside a vessel or structure, such as an artery, a vein, a lymphatic vessel, the trachea, the esophagus, or even a nerve bundle.

Abstract: Apparatus for delivering brachytherapy to a target tissue region includes an elongate body including a proximal end, a distal end sized for introduction into a tissue tract and carrying a plurality of elongate members including pathways for receiving a source of radiation. The elongate members are movable between collapsed and expanded configurations. During use, a tract is created through tissue, and the elongate body carrying the elongate members is advanced through the tract into a target location with the elongate members in the collapsed configuration. The elongate members are directed to the expanded configuration at the target location, and radiation is delivered to treat tissue at the target location, e.g., by introducing one or more radiation sources along the pathways. The apparatus may include features to prevent overexpansion of the elongate members and/or to facilitate rapid collapse of the elongate members.

Abstract: Apparatus, systems and methods are provided for delivering brachytherapy to a target tissue region of a human or other mammalian body. In some embodiments, a flexible brachytherapy device is implanted that includes a therapy delivery portion having one or more radioactive sources securely retained thereto, and a tail portion extending from the therapy delivery portion. Once implanted, the tail portion may extend outside the body, where it may be folded and secured flat against the skin. The device may be removed at therapy completion. Other embodiments of the invention are directed to systems and methods for delivering brachytherapy devices to the body.

Abstract: A notched catheter has a lumen and a notched outer surface intersecting the lumen with a filament-containing layer adjacent to the outer surface. A part of the filament-containing layer is capturable between the notched surface portion and an elongate element extendable through the lumen.

Abstract: An instrument and method are provided for sealing and joining or hemostatically dividing tissue, which is particularly suitable for laparoscopic and endoscopic surgery. The instrument makes use of the controlled application of a combination of heat and pressure to seal adjacent tissues, to join adjacent tissues, or to anastomose tissues, whereby tissue is heated for an optimal time and at an optimal temperature under optimal pressure to maximize tissue seal strength while minimizing collateral tissue damage. The instrument of the present invention is lightweight and therefore portable, and is particularly useful in field conditions where a source of external power may not be readily available.

Abstract: Apparatus, systems and methods for delivering brachytherapy to a target tissue region of a human or other mammalian body. In some embodiments, a flexible brachytherapy device is implanted that includes a therapy delivery portion having one or more radioactive sources securely retained thereto, and a tail portion extending from the therapy delivery portion. Once implanted, the tail portion may extend outside the body, where it may be folded and secured flat against the skin. The device may be removed at therapy completion. Other embodiments of the invention are directed to systems and methods for delivering brachytherapy devices to the body.

Abstract: Apparatus, systems, and methods are provided for delivering brachytherapy into a target tissue region, e.g., a breast. In some embodiments, a flexible brachytherapy device is implanted that includes a therapy delivery portion having one or more radioactive sources securely retained thereto, and a tail portion extending from the therapy delivery portion. The brachytherapy device may be implanted in a helical configuration within the target tissue region. To assist in placement and removal of the brachytherapy device, a tubular sheath may be implanted by attaching (e.g., sliding over) a helically coiled needle that is advanced into the body by screw-like rotation. Once implanted, the sheath and the brachytherapy device may extend outside the body, where they may be folded and secured flat against the skin. The device and sheath may be removed at therapy completion.

Abstract: Apparatus for delivering brachytherapy to a target tissue region includes an elongate body including a proximal end, a distal end sized for introduction into a tissue tract and carrying a plurality of elongate members including pathways for receiving a source of radiation. The elongate members are movable between collapsed and expanded configurations. During use, a tract is created through tissue, and the elongate body carrying the elongate members is advanced through the tract into a target location with the elongate members in the collapsed configuration. The elongate members are directed to the expanded configuration at the target location, and radiation is delivered to treat tissue at the target location, e.g., by introducing one or more radiation sources along the pathways.

Abstract: Apparatus tests the durability of a peripheral artery medical device based upon anatomical loading conditions. A peripheral artery medical device is mounted to a support element, typically a hollow tube, having first and second end portions. End holding elements are mounted to a base and are secured to the first and second end portions. The apparatus further comprises means for applying a plurality of cycles of at least one of the following loading conditions to the medical device support element at the location of the peripheral artery medical device: torsion, tension/compression, bending and pinching. In some embodiments the apparatus comprises an environmental chamber housing at least the support element so to mimic the service temperature environment of the medical device. A method for testing the durability of a peripheral artery medical device based upon anatomical loading conditions is also disclosed.

Abstract: According to the present invention, improved methods and apparatus are provided for providing cushioning and other ergonomic surfaces on devices requiring the patient or tissue to be compressed, such as radiography machines, fluoroscopy units, mammography units and the like. In particular a radiolucent pad element is provided for releasable attachment to at least one surface of a compression device to be used under x-ray, for example, during mammography. The pad element of the present invention can be disposable or constructed to be reusable and in some cases may be applied directly to the patient's breast. Furthermore, a cushioned paddle is provided wherein the compression paddle and the cushion can be separately or integrally formed.

Abstract: An instrument and method are provided for sealing and joining or hemostatically dividing tissue, which is particularly suitable for laparoscopic and endoscopic surgery. The instrument makes use of the controlled application of a combination of heat and pressure to seal adjacent tissues, to join adjacent tissues, or to anastomose tissues, whereby tissue is heated for an optimal time and at an optimal temperature under optimal pressure to maximize tissue seal strength while minimizing collateral tissue damage. The instrument of the present invention is lightweight and therefore portable, and is particularly useful in field conditions where a source of external power may not be readily available.

Abstract: A coiled endoluminal prosthesis delivery assembly includes a catheter and a generally helical endoluminal prosthesis. The endoluminal prosthesis is placeable in a radially contracted state on the catheter. The assembly also comprises means for engaging proximal, intermediate and distal portions of the endoluminal prosthesis to maintain it in the first state, and means for controllably releasing the proximal, distal and intermediate portions to permit the endoluminal prosthesis to move towards a radially expanded state in a controlled manner. A method controllably releases the endoluminal prosthesis from the catheter within a hollow body structure. The method may include permitting at most 50%, and more preferably at most 25%, of the length of the endoluminal prosthesis to simultaneously move to the radially expanded state in contact with the hollow body structure.

Abstract: A coiled endoluminal prosthesis system may include means for rotating a delivery catheter while axially releasing a coiled endoluminal prosthesis from the delivery catheter. A release element may be retracted simultaneously with rotation of the delivery catheter. The coiled endoluminal prosthesis may have a first direction of spiral in a first rotational direction. The delivery catheter may be rotated in a second rotational direction while axially releasing the coiled endoluminal prosthesis from the delivery catheter. The endoluminal prosthesis may be configured to reduce or eliminate any difference between the length of the endoluminal prosthesis when in the reduced diameter state and when in the expanded diameter state.

Abstract: A delivery catheter comprises a first, flexible, polymer-based tube and a second, metal tube at the first tube distal end. The second tube has flexibility enhancing relief areas along its length to provide localized areas of reduced bending stiffness to enhance the bending flexibility while retaining good torsional stiffness. A notched catheter has a lumen and a notched outer surface intersecting the lumen with a filament-containing layer adjacent to the outer surface. A part of the filament-containing layer is capturable between the notched surface portion and an elongate element extendable through the lumen. A generally helically coiled endoluminal prosthesis may be mounted on a pre-torqued delivery catheter to tighten the coiled endoluminal prosthesis onto the delivery catheter.

Abstract: A compression device includes a frame mountable to a mammography unit that includes a window disposed within an x-ray field of the mammography unit when the frame is mounted to the mammography unit, and a radiolucent compressible member connectable to the frame across the window for providing a compression surface within the x-ray field. For example, the compressible member may include a rigid backing member and a radiolucent pad, e.g., a gel pad, on the backing member. The backing member and frame may include tongue and groove or other connectors for connecting the compressible member to the frame. Optionally, one or more thin, radiolucent films may be removable from the compressible member, e.g., after obtaining x-rays from successive individual patients.

Abstract: The present invention provides balloon dissection apparatus and methods of use in which an elongate balloon is utilized to dissect along a region that follows a naturally existing path alongside a vessel or structure, such as an entry, a vein, a lymphatic vessel, the traches, the esophagus, or even a nerve bundle.

Abstract: Balloon loaded dissection devices and methods for using such devices are disclosed. The devices include an elongate balloon and may be provided with a central lumen. The device may have a guide tube to provide columnar support. In a further aspect, the guide tube may have a spoon-shaped shroud attached to a distal end. The guide tube receives the guide rod, scope or other surgical instrument and may have a stop member. By using the guide rod or scope as a pushing member, the device may be advanced alongside the vessel it is desired to dissect free from attached tissue. A balloon cover may be provided to surround the balloon and facilitate compression of the balloon after it is deflated.

Abstract: A space occupying device for deployment within a patient's stomach and methods of deploying and removing the device. The device includes an expandable member and fasteners, such as sutures, that extend to least partially through the patient's stomach wall, and that anchor the device with the patient's stomach. The device can be deployed and/or removed through transesophageal approaches and/or through a combination of transesophageal and transabdominal approaches.

Abstract: Methods and devices for harvesting veins from the body. The methods and devices allow vein harvesting using laparoscopic procedures. A working space is created over the vein using standard laparoscopic procedures and a side-hooked wire is inserted into the working space and twisted to insert the side-hook under the vein. The wire is then pulled or drawn along the vein to separate the vein from the surrounding tissue. In an alternative embodiment, vein separation is accomplished by threading a soft rubber tube under the vein, grasping the ends of the tube so as to surround the vein, and then pulling the tube along the vein. In other embodiments, the working space is created with everting balloons.

Abstract: Compliant inserts for surgical instruments having improved traction are provided. The clamping surface of the inserts includes a plurality of short and densely arranged traction elements. The tractive force supplied by the traction elements approaches that of steel jawed clamps.