Abstract: An integrated control system (ICS) for a gasification plant controls the operation of a gasifier and other critical components of the gasification plant. The ICS improves the performance of a gasification plant by controlling the operation of a gasifier and other critical components by an integrated controller, rather than by several independent controllers. The ICS is a sub-system of a larger distributed control system that controls the operation of the gasification plant. The ICS controls the following: (i) oxygen to carbon (O/C) ratio in a gasifier; (ii) syngas demand or the desired output of a gasifier; (iii) load constraints; (iv) moderator flow into a gasifier; (v) air separation unit (ASU); (vi) oxygen header vent valves; and (vii) syngas header pressure.

Abstract: Radiant gas cooler apparatus for treating a particulate-laden synthetic gas, which cooler includes an elongated shell. A water wall in the shell defines an annulus communicated with a pressurized purge gas source. Hot effluent introduced to the unit passes through a heat exchange chamber defined by the water wall and enters a bath in the shell lower end wherein solid material is removed. Cooled synthetic gas which leaves the bath enters the annulus to be discharged into the bath. A regulated flow of purge gas directed into the annulus prevents entry of hot effluent gas therein, precludes the accumulation of residual solid particulate matter and corrosive gaseous components, and scours the annulus surfaces. A double dip tube arrangement also protects the vessel by equalizing the pressure across an internal water wall.

Abstract: In a heat exchange vessel which conducts a hot, pressurized synthetic gaseous stream carrying particulate matter through a central heat exchange chamber, a safety system for monitoring pressures within the vessel. Said heat exchange vessel includes a shell surrounding a water wall, defining an annulus therebetween. Pressure sensing means communicated with the respective heat exchange chamber and said annulus, connects to means for determining the pressure differential between said points. A purge gas source communicated with the monitor system maintains the latter free of internal passage blockage caused by accumulations of particulate matter.

Abstract: In a heat exchange vessel which conducts a hot, pressurized synthetic gaseous stream carrying particulate matter through a central heat exchange chamber, a safety system for monitoring pressures within the vessel. Said heat exchange vessel includes a shell surrounding a water wall, defining an annulus therebetween. Pressure sensing means communicated with the respective heat exchange chamber and said annulus connects to means for determining the pressure differential between said points. A purge gas source communicated with the monitor system maintains the latter free of internal passage blockage caused by accumulations of particulate matter.

Abstract: A gasifier having a combustion chamber in which a hydrocarbonaceous fuel is burned to produce a usable gas. A quench chamber is positioned to receive said gas and other byproducts as an effluent stream, in a coolant liquid quench bath. A dip tube and draft tube define a tortuous passage within a quench chamber for directing the gaseous segment to a discharge port by way of said quench bath. A baffle positioned in the path of the gas includes a manifold at the baffle lower end to receive condensate which flows from said baffle face and returns water to the quench bath.

Abstract: Synthesis gas is produced by partial oxidation of hydrocarbon charge, a first portion being cooled by indirect heat exchange and scrubbed before being combined with the quenched second portion en route to particulate scrubbing, the combined gas scrubber overhead being characterized by a desired steam:dry gas ratio which is controlled by regulating the flow of the quenched second portion in accordance with the measured properties of the combined scrubber overhead gas.

Abstract: Synthesis gas is produced by partial oxidation of hydrocarbon charge, a first portion being cooled by indirect heat exchange and scrubbed before being combined with the quenched second portion en route to particulate scrubbing, the combined gas scrubber overhead being characterized by a desired steam:dry gas ratio which is controlled by regulating the flow of the quenched second portion in accordance with the measured properties of the combined scrubber overhead gas.

Abstract: The effluent gas stream from a partial oxidation gas generator is scrubbed with water. A dispersion of particulate carbon and water is produced, mixed with a liquid organic extractant, and separated in a decanter. The overhead stream from the decanter, comprising a dispersion of carbon in the liquid organic extractant, together with small amounts of water, is mixed with extraction oil and heated in a vaporizing operation to produce a vaporized overhead mixture, comprising substantially all of the water and liquid organic extractant, and an unvaporized liquid bottoms dispersion of carbon in extraction oil containing only a minor amount of water and liquid organic extractant. The bottoms dispersion is passed into a steam stripper in counterflow with stripping steam.