Abstract: A photonic nanojet antenna system includes a dielectric element having a circular cross section and formed of a single dielectric material, and at least one feed antenna. The circular cross section of the dielectric element has a diameter such that a photonic nanojet, that is a narrow high-intensity electromagnetic beam, propagates from the dielectric element and into the feed antenna when the dielectric element is illuminated with electromagnetic plane waves. The dielectric element can be, but is not limited to, a sphere, a truncated cylinder, or an ellipsoid.

Abstract: An array of binary elements suitable for alphanumeric or graphic displays are electrostatically actuated. The elements have a flexible member overlying a stator member. The flexible member has a bulge which is transferred along the element by sequential de-energization of a plurality of electrostatic electrode regions. Transfer of the bulge linearly shifts the flexible member with respect to the stator member to alter the state or to change appearance, light transmission, or electrical characteristics of the element.

Abstract: Arrays of electrostatic elements arranged in columns and rows are used for switching purposes and for memory devices. Electrostatically attracted members, for each element, when actuated, complete a capacitance device to render that element capable of retaining a charge. Whether or not the element is a capacitance device is sensed by a high frequency signal. Permanent memories can be made by substitution of a pattern of conductor areas for the attractable members. The attractable members, when attracted, form a capacitance switching device or matrix of switches.

Abstract: A random access memory array of binary elements each having an electrostatically attractable member moveable with respect to a stator member between positional states representative of first and second binary digits. Which positional state an element is in is ascertainable by further movement capability of only those elements which are in the state representative of the second binary digit.

Abstract: An ink projecting medium, such as a typewriter ribbon, having a carrier, with an array of spots each including an ink or other colorant and a vapor producing material, wherein the vapor producing material amplifies applied energy by chemical reaction to propel the ink from the carrier toward a receiving surface such as paper. In one embodiment, the ink and lead azide are provided in small, conical apertures in a polyethylene terepthalate carrier film and the lead azide is selectively detonated electrically to cause printing.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an object scanning system wherein a dual-rate mirror assembly scans a document on a platen and the scanned image is projected onto a photoreceptor via a corner mirror assembly. The corner mirror assembly is linearly translated during a scan cycle so as to cause the image to be projected onto the photoreceptor in a direction opposite to the photoreceptor movement. The precession rate can be set relative to scanning flyback time so as to reduce or eliminate the interdocument gap on the photoreceptor and to relax rescan time requirements.

Abstract: An illumination system for a document copying machine including an optical cavity having interior walls coated with a white, diffusely reflecting material. One end of the cavity contains a platen for positioning a document to be copied while the opposing end contains a lens for forming an image of the document on a light sensitive image plane. Illumination from a single flash illumination source located within the cavity, undergoes multiple reflections from the walls resulting in a uniform diffuse illumination of the document. An optical element is positioned above the lamp to prevent direct light from striking the platen and, in a preferred embodiment, has an aperture therein for increasing illumination of the platen area overlying the lamp-blocker mounting.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a xerographic printer capable of reproducing microfilm or microfiche images over a broad enlargement range. The printer includes a light housing completely enclosed except for an aperture in the bottom wall. Microfilm or fiche images are successively presented adjacent this aperture. The walls of the housing are coated with a diffusely reflective material and cause light from a flash illumination source mounted within the housing to diffusely illuminate the surface of the image adjacent the aperture.

Abstract: An electromechanical display element is provided for use in light reflective and light transmissive display arrays. The display element has a moveable electrode electrostatically controllable between a curled position removed from a stationary electrode, and an uncurled position overlying the stationary electrode to modify the light reflective or transmissive character of the display element. Embodiments of the moveable electrodes are provided which readily can be manufactured for use in either type of array. Stationary electrodes having a plurality of discrete conductive regions are provided to facilitate the control of display elements in an array. Embodiments of dielectric insulators and external circuitry are provided which avoid operating problems and manufacturing complexities associated with residual electric polarization.

Abstract: An electromechanical display element is provided for use in light reflective and light transmissive display arrays. The display element has a moveable electrode electrostatically controllable between a curled position removed from a stationary electrode, and an uncurled position overlying the stationary electrode to modify the light reflective or transmissive character of the display element. Embodiments of the moveable electrodes are provided which readily can be manufactured for use in either type of array. Stationary electrodes having a plurality of discrete conductive regions are provided to facilitate the control of display elements in an array. Embodiments of dielectric insulators and external circuitry are provided which avoid operating problems and manufacturing complexities associated with residual electric polarization.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for developing a selected image by the electrostatic attraction of development fluid is disclosed. The system utilizes an interposer, adapted to be movably superimposed over a photoreceptor which preferably comprises the outer surface of a rotatable drum. A source of electrostatic charge for applying a first charge of a selected polarity to an area of the photoreceptor, and optical system for subsequently applying a light and shadow representation of the selected image to the area of the photoreceptor are also provided. The system further includes a source of electrostatic charge for applying a second charge, opposite in polarity from the first charge, to a portion of the interposer superimposed over the area of the photoreceptor. The portion of the photoreceptor is adapted to receive a quantity of electrostatic fluid, corresponding to the light and shadow representation applied by the optical system, when moved out of superimposition with the photoreceptor.

Abstract: An optical system for projecting an image of an object, operating between fixed object and image planes. Both the object conjugate and the image conjugate are variable to vary the magnification in the system. This is accomplished without moving the optical axis by means of a first roof mirror on the object side of the lens and a second roof mirror on the image side of the lens. These mirrors each fold the optical axis by 90.degree. and are movable along a locus at 45.degree. to the optical axis to change the object and image distances.