Abstract: A method is provided to reduce the number of duplicates of each document that is stored within entity databases. The method may include creating discrete links and/or pointers to the location of the document already stored within an entity. The method may also include separating the document into different classification levels. The method may include storing the different parts of the documents in different locations within the entity.

Abstract: An implantable fiducial marker having a sealed cavity for the introduction of an imaging agent that provides imaging capability in several modes, including Computed Tomographic imaging (CT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is disclosed. The marker may be permanent, or it may be temporary and readily detachable from its anchor site. Combinations or agents imageable under CT scanning are combined with agents imageable under MRI scanning.

Abstract: An implantable fiducial marker having a sealed cavity for the introduction of an imaging agent that provides imaging capability in several modes, including Computed Tomographic imaging (CT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is disclosed. The marker may be permanent, or it may be temporary and readily detachable from its anchor site. Combinations or agents imageable under CT scanning are combined with agents imageable under MRI scanning.

Abstract: A technique for integrating voxelly-assigned information regarding a portion of anatomy derived from a number of sources into an accurate, single two dimensional pixel-based representation of a view of that anatomy is disclosed. Empirical relationships between known properties are used to infer values for unknown properties.

Abstract: For treatment of disorders of the central nervous system, the cardiovascular system or the intestinal tract, the new substituted basic 2-aminotetralins of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 represents hydrogen or alkyl,R.sup.2 represents hydrogen, alkyl or acyl, andR.sup.3 represents quinuclidine or a group of the formula--(CH.sub.2).sub.a --R.sup.4, --CH.sub.2 --CH.dbd.CH--(CH.sub.2).sub.b --R.sup.4, --CH.sub.2 --C.tbd.C--(CH.sub.2).sub.b --R.sup.4, ##STR2## wherein a denotes a number from 1 to 10,b denotes a number 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4,c denotes a number 0, 1 or 2,d denotes a number 2 or 3, andX denotes oxygen, sulphur or NR.sup.5,and their salts.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a fiducial implant for the human body that is detectable by an imaging system. The invention is comprised of a first portion and a second portion. The first portion is configured to be detected by an imaging system when placed beneath the skin. The second portion is configured for fixed attachment to a bone beneath the skin without penetrating entirely through the bone and without fracturing the bone. The first portion is sufficiently large and comprised of a material for detection by an imaging system, and sufficiently small to avoid the distortion of the skin when placed at an interface between the skin and the bone. The first portion also has at least a portion which is spherical and defines a surface for cooperating with a tool for securing the second portion to the bone.

Abstract: For treatment of disorders of the central nervous system, the cardiovascular system or the intestinal tract, the new substituted basic 2-aminotetralins of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 represents hydrogen or alkyl,R.sup.2 represents hydrogen, alkyl or acyl, andR.sup.3 represents quinuclidine ora group of the formula --(CH.sub.2).sub.a --R.sup.4, --CH.sub.2 --CH.dbd.CH--(CH.sub.2).sub.b --R.sup.4, --CH.sub.2 --C.tbd.C--(CH.sub.2).sub.b --R.sup.4, ##STR2## wherein a denotes a number from 1 to 10,b denotes a number 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4,c denotes a number 0, 1 or 2,d denotes a number 2 or 3, andX denotes oxygen, sulphur or NR.sup.5,and their salts.

Abstract: An interactive system for guiding the use of a surgical tool uses at least one imaging technique, such as CT scanning. A mechanical arm has a fixed base at a first end and a tool holder that holds the surgical tool at a second end. A display displays one or more images from the image space of a patient's anatomy. A computer is coupled to the display and the mechanical arm. The computer tracks the location of the surgical tool through physical space, performs a transforming rotation of the physical space to the image space, and causes the display to display the location of the surgical tool within the image space.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a fiducial implant for the human body that is detectable by an imaging system. The invention is comprised of a first portion and a second portion. The first portion is configured to be detected by an imaging system when place beneath the skin. The second portion is configured for fixed attachment to a bone beneath the skin without penetrating entirely through the bone and without penetrating entirely through the bone and without fracturing the bone. The first portion is sufficiently large and comprised of a material for detection by an imaging system, and sufficiently small to avoid the distortion of the skin when placed at an interface between the skin and the bone. The first portion also has at least a portion which is spherical and defines a surface for cooperating with a tool for securing the second portion to the bone. Additionally, the placement of n fiducial implants, where n.gtoreq.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a fiducial implant for the human body that is detectable by an imaging system. The invention is comprised of a first portion and a second portion. The first portion is configured to be detected by an imaging system when placed beneath the skin. The second portion is configured for fixed attachment to a bone beneath the skin without penetrating entirely through the bone and without fracturing the bone. The first portion is sufficiently large and comprised of a material for detection by an imaging system, and sufficiently small to avoid the distortion of the skin when placed at an interface between the skin and the bone. The first portion also has at least a portion which is spherical and defines a surface for cooperating with a tool for securing the second portion to the bone.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a fiducial implant for the human body that is detectable by an imaging system. The invention is comprised of a first portion and a second portion. The first portion is configured to be detected by an imaging system when placed beneath the skin. The second portion is configured for fixed attachment to a bone beneath the skin without penetrating entirely through the bone and without fracturing the bone. The first portion is sufficiently large and comprised of a material for detection by an imaging system, and sufficiently small to avoid the distortion of the skin when placed at an interface between the skin and the bone. The first portion also has at least a portion which is spherical and defines a surface for cooperating with a tool for securing the second portion to the bone.

Abstract: For treatment of disorders of the central nervous system, the cardiovascular system or the intestinal tract, the new substituted basic 2-aminotetralins of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 represents hydrogen or alkyl,R.sup.2 represents hydrogen, alkyl or acyl, andR.sup.3 represents quinuclidine or a group of the formula --(CH.sub.2).sub.a --R.sup.4, --CH.sub.2 --CH.dbd.CH--(CH.sub.2).sub.b --R.sup.4, --CH.sub.2 --C.tbd.C--(CH.sub.2).sub.b --R.sup.4, ##STR2## wherein a denotes a number from 1 to 10,b denotes a number 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4,c denotes a number 0, 1 or 2,d denotes a number 2 or 3, andx denotes oxygen, sulphur or NR.sup.5,and their salts.

Abstract: An interactive system for guiding the use of a surgical tool uses at least one imaging technique, such as CT scanning. A mechanical arm has a fixed base at a first end and a tool holder that holds the surgical tool at a second end. A display displays one or more images from the image space of a patient's anatomy. A computer is coupled to the display and the mechanical arm. The computer tracks the location of the surgical tool through physical space, performs a transforming rotation of the physical space to the image space, and causes the display to display the location of the surgical tool within the image space.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a fiducial implant for the human body that is detectable by an imaging system. The invention is comprised of a first portion and a second portion. The first portion is configured to be detected by an imaging system when palce beneath the skin. The second portion is configured for fixed attachment to a bone beneath the skin without penetrating entirely through the bone and without fracturing the bone. The first portion is sufficiently large and comprised of a material for detection by an imagaging system, and sufficiently small to avoid the distortion of the skin when placed at an interface between the skin and the bone. The first portion also has at least a portion which is spherical and defines a surface for cooperating with a tool for securing the second portion to the bone.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a fiducial implant for the human body that is detectable by an imaging system. The invention is comprised of a first portion and a second portion. The first portion is configured to be detected by an imaging system when placed beneath the skin. The second portion is configured for fixed attachment to a bone beneath the skin without penetrating entirely through the bone and without fracturing the bone. The first portion is of detectable size and comprised of a material for detection by an imaging system, and sufficiently small to avoid the distortion of the skin when placed at an interface between the skin and the bone. The first portion also has at least a portion which is spherical and defines a surface for cooperating with a tool for securing the second portion to the bone. Additionally, the placement of n fiducial implants, where n.gtoreq.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a fiducial implant for the human body that is detectable by an imaging system. The invention is comprised of a first portion and a second portion. The first portion is configured to be detected by an imaging system when place beneath the skin. The second portion is configured for fixed attachment to a bone beneath the skin without penetrating entirely through the bone and without fracturing the bone. The first portion is sufficiently large and comprised of a material for detection by an imaging system, and sufficiently small to avoid the distortion of the skin when placed at an interface between the skin and the bone. The first portion also has at least a portion which is spherical and defines a surface for cooperating with a tool for securing the second portion to the bone.

Abstract: New 8-substituted 2-aminotetralins can be prepared from the corresponding aminotetralins or tetralones. They can be used in medicaments.

Abstract: For treatment of disorders of the central nervous system, the cardiovascular system or the intestinal tract, the new substituted basic 2-aminotetralins of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sup.1 represents hydrogen or alkyl,R.sup.2 represents hydrogen, alkyl or acyl, andR.sup.3 represents quinuclidine or a group of the formula --(CH.sub.2).sub.a --R.sup.4, --CH.sub.2 --CH.dbd.CH--(CH.sub.2).sub.b --R.sup.4, --CH.sub.2 C.tbd.C--(CH.sub.2).sub.b --R.sup.4, ##STR2## wherein a denotes a number from 1 to 10,b denotes a number 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4,c denotes a number 0, 1 or 2,d denotes a number 2 or 3, andx denotes oxygen, sulphur or NR.sup.5,and their salts.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a fiducial implant for the human body that is detectable by an imaging system. The invention is comprised of a first portion and a second portion. The first portion is configured to be detected by an imaging system when placed beneath the skin. The second portion is configured for fixed attachment to a bone beneath the skin without penetrating entirely through the bone and without fracturing the bone. The first portion is of detectable size and comprised of a material for detection by an imaging system, and sufficiently small to avoid the distortion of the skin when placed at an interface between the skin and the bone. The first portion also has at least a portion which is spherical and defines a surface for cooperating with a tool for securing the second portion to the bone. Additionally, the placement into a fiducial implants, where n.gtoreq.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a fiducial implant for the human body that is detectable by an imaging system. The invention is comprised of a first portion and a second portion. The first portion is configured to be detected by an imaging system when place beneath the skin. The second portion is configured for fixed attachment to a bone beneath the skin without penetrating entirely through the bone and without fracturing the bone. The first portion is of dectable size and comprised of a material for detection by an imaging system, and sufficiently small to avoid the distortion of the skin when placed at an interface between the skin and the bone. The first portion also has at least a portion which is spherical defines a surfacee for cooperating with a tool for securing the second portion to the bone.