Abstract: An oil-dispersible, water-based fuel additive is disclosed. The fuel additive comprises a metal salt solution, selected from the group comprising, an alkaline-earth metal salt from the II-A group of the periodic table of the elements, a transition-metal salt, a cationic surfactant, a solubilizing agent, and a stabilizing agent.

Abstract: A process of manufacturing a co-fuel additive for promoting the suspension of coal macroparticles in petroleum fuel liquid incorporates a quantity of pulverulent alkaline fluxing mineral material for modifying the solid and gaseous products that results from combustion of the mixture. Miscible petroleum liquid, a coal anti-sedimentation surfactant and sufficient water to form a water-in-oil emulsion are also included in the additive.

Abstract: The present invention provides freeze conditioning compositions for reducing moisture freezing problems found with moisture containing particulate solids, such as coal and ores and the like, comprising an alkylene polyol, such as ethylene glycol, and an effective amount of a cationic surface active material, preferably such cationics with at least one hydrophobic moiety. The preferred cationics are those with HLB of at least 11 or cationic compounds containing at least 18 total carbons, and those that are quaternary ammonium salts.The present invention also provides methods of reducing such moisture freezing problems comprising applying to at least some of the surfaces of moisture-containing particulate solids a composition comprising an alkylene polyol and an effective amount of a cationic surface active material.

Abstract: A technique for raising slag fusion temperatures is provided whereby fouling deposits can be reduced. The technique involves mixing with slag or slag precursers phosphated alumina perferably in a liquid form for convenience in application.

Abstract: An anti-stick agent for use in preventing coal and other particulate products from freezing to contacted metal surfaces comprises a liquid hydrocarbon vehicle and at least about five percent by weight of a naturally occurring phospholipid substance such as lecithin.

Abstract: Stable, oil dispersible, aqueous dispersions of magnesium hydroxide useful as deposit control additives for residual fuels can be prepared. These slurries, of magnesium hydroxide contain generally:(A) 20-70% Mg(OH).sub.2 having a particle size of 50 to 1.0 micron;(B) 79-29% water;(C) 1.0-8.0% of a water-in-oil emulsifying agent having an HLB value of from 2 to 11;(D) 0.1-6% of a water soluble water-in-oil emulsifying agent having an HLB value of from 10 to 40;Said dispersion having a Brookfield Viscosity of from 100-5000 cps. (#3 spindle at 12 rpm, 75.degree. F.

Abstract: A stable coal fuel oil mixture which comprises a major portion of fuel oil a minor portion of pulverized coal and from about 0.5-3% by weight of calcium acetate.

Abstract: A highly stable metal oxide oil slurry useful in reducing slag, facilitating removal of deposits from boiler tubes, and reducing corrosion on the heating surfaces of boilers has been developed. Such a slurry consists essentially of about 50% by weight magnesium oxide or the entity of magnesium oxide and alumina oxide, together with an oil-soluble emulsifier such as alkanolamide and preferably ethanolamide, or an alkanol with a carbon chain greater than a C.sub.3 alcohol, an oil-soluble dispersant such as a C.sub.12 -C.sub.22 entity selected from an unsaturated or saturated fatty acid; e.g., oleic acid. Also, as a constituent is an anionic surfactant such as magnesium lauryl sulfate in an oil base such as No. 2 fuel oil. The alkanolamide is fashioned from heating alkanolamines and fatty acids either in a 1:1 ratio or 2:1 ratio. The reactant amino alcohol is in the range C.sub.10 -C.sub.24. The alcohol itself is greater than C.sub.3 and up to C.sub.16, with a preferred range C.sub.12 -C.sub.16.

Abstract: A method for reducing the tendency of coal to freeze and thus adhere to the sides of metal storage and shipping containers used to store and/or transport said coal at temperatures below the freezing point of water which comprises applying to the sides of the container a coating composition comprising:a. 55-97% by weight of a hydrocarbon liquid;b. 3-45% by weight of a hydrocarbon oil-soluble surfactant having an HLB value of 1-8.

Abstract: A flux for fluidizing slag in a cupola comprising a briquette which is composed of a major portion of alumina and an alkali metal base in an amount to provide an Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 :Na.sub.2 O ratio ranging from 1:0.4 to 1:0.8 and from 5 up to 50% by weight of a binder from the group consisting of a montmorillonite clay, alumino silicate zeolites, sodium aluminate and aluminum phosphate. The briquette is characterized as being able to substantially maintain its physical integrity at about 1000.degree. C. for about 1 hour.