Abstract: Process for purifying an air flow containing carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2) and water vapour, in which at least some of the CO.sub.2 and water vapour impurities are removed by adsorbing the impurities on at least one calcined alumina containing at most 10% by weight of at least one alkali or alkaline-earth metal oxide, the adsorption being carried out at a temperature of between -10.degree. C. and 80.degree. C.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are compounds, compositions, and methods to inactivate a virus and destroy tumor cells. The methods involve the addition into the cell of a compound containing a photosensitizing chemical and an energy donating chemical, optionally linked by a chemical tether. Also introduced into the cell are means to chemically activate the energy donating chemical which photoactivates the photosensitizing chemical which then destroys the tumor or virus. The photosensitizing chemical is preferably hypericin, porphyrin, or an analog and the energy donating chemical is preferably luciferin or an analog. Methods for synthesizing the chemicals are also disclosed. Further, the energy donating chemical is activated by an activating chemical. The expression of the activating chemical is regulated so as to target the virus-infected or tumor cells.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are compounds, compositions, and methods to inactivate a virus and destroy tumor cells. The methods involve the addition into the cell of a compound containing a photosensitizing chemical and an energy donating chemical, optionally linked by a chemical tether. Also introduced into the cell are means to chemically activate the energy donating chemical which photoactivates the photosensitizing chemical which then destroys the tumor or virus. The photosensitizing chemical is preferably hypericin, porphyrin, or an analog and the energy donating chemical is preferably luciferin or an analog. Methods for synthesizing the chemicals are also disclosed. Further, the energy donating chemical is activated by an activating chemical. The expression of the activating chemical is regulated so as to target the virus-infected or tumor cells.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are compounds, compositions, and methods to inactivate a virus and destroy tumor cells. The methods involve the addition into the cell of a compound containing a photosensitizing chemical and an energy donating chemical, optionally linked by a chemical tether. Also introduced into the cell are means to chemically activate the energy donating chemical which photoactivates the photosensitizing chemical which then destroys the tumor or virus. The photosensitizing chemical is preferably hypericin, porphyrin, or an analog and the energy donating chemical is preferably luciferin or an analog. Methods for synthesizing the chemicals are also disclosed. Further, the energy donating chemical is activated by an activating chemical. The expression of the activating chemical is regulated so as to target the virus-infected or tumor cells.

Abstract: A method for inhibiting hatching of soybean cyst nematode eggs is provided comprising contacting said eggs with an effective inhibitory amount of a compound of formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is H or OH, R.sup.2 is H or OH, R.sup.3 is H or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, R.sup.4 is H or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 are individually H, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.5)alkyl, C.sub.3 -C.sub.6 (cycloalkyl)alkyl, C.sub.5 -C.sub.7 (cycloalkenyl)alkyl, (C.sub.6 -C.sub.12)aryl, (C.sub.7 -C.sub.12)aralkyl, trans(C.sub.4 -C.sub.5)alkenyl, allyl or furan-2-ylalkyl or together are (C.sub.2 -C.sub.5)alkylene, or (C.sub.3 -C.sub.5)alkylidene or 1,2-phenylene, optionally substituted by OH, O(C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)alkyl, SH, phenyl or N(R.sup.7)(R.sup.8), wherein R.sup.7 and R.sup.8 are individually H, (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)alkyl or phenyl; R.sup.9 =H or (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4)alkyl, n is 0 or 1 and wherein the bond represented by --- is present when n=0 or absent when n=1; or an agronomically-acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method to prepare aminated bridgehead polycyclic hydrocarbons by reacting bridgehead halo polycyclic hydrocarbons with lithium metal under conditions of sonication and aminating the resultant lithio compounds.

Abstract: A general method is provided for the synthesis of substituted 2,3-dihydro-5-phenyl-1H-1,4-benzodiazepines by the reaction of bis-trifiated-2,5-dihydroxy benzophenones with 1,2-bisaminoethanes, followed by displacement of the 7-trifloxy group.

Abstract: A new pyranoquinone and use thereof as an anticoccidial agent.

Abstract: Benzodiazepines having associated carbonyl lactam ring structure are synthesized from N-2-bromoethyl-5-alkoxy-2-pyrrolidinone and analine compounds, in the first ever such direct single step synthesis. The produced compounds are known biological active compounds having anti-anxiety activity similar to Valium.

Abstract: A simple, direct synthesis route is provided for Ochratoxin compounds, particularly Ochratoxin A, Ochratoxin B, and Ochratoxin C. The reaction involves treating the dimethyl ester of 2-hydroxy-4-methylbenzene-1,3-dioic acid with a deprotonating agent, followed by addition of acetaldehyde, to provide a precursor compound, which can conveniently be converted to Ochratoxins A, B or C. The synthesis route allows for the first time laboratory and industrial scale synthesis of ochratoxins A, B and C in large quantities and pure form making them available as toxins, for use as anti-toxin investigation works, and for biological activity investigations and residue studies.

Abstract: An efficient synthesis of quinone pyrano-gamma-lactone antibiotics such as kalafungin and the new compound 9-deoxykalafungin in four basic steps from readily available starting materials. The key step in which all of the carbon atoms present in the target molecule are assembled is the addition of an alkoxy furan to a two position functionally substituted 1,4 naphthoquinone. This is followed by alkylating to provide protecting groups, hydride reduction, removal of the protecting groups, internal cyclization and by oxidative dealkylation to provide practical overall yields of the desired antibiotics.

Abstract: A method of preparing acyloxy furans and thiophenes from butenolides comprising reacting a pre-selected butenolide with an acylating agent in the presence of a base to provide an acyloxy furan intermediate, which in turn undergoes rearrangement in the presence of Lewis Acids by cleavage of a carbon-oxygen bond, and addition of the cleaved moiety to the furan ring forming a carbon-carbon bond on the ring. The result is a heretofore unknown group of lactone type compounds which are biologically active, in and of themselves, and in addition offer use as versatile synthesis intermediates to achieve, by conventional synthesis methods heretofore unavailable compounds.

Abstract: A method of preparing alkoxy and acyloxy furans from butenolides comprising reacting a butenolide with an alkylating agent in the presence of a base to provide an alkylated or acylated furan ring containing intermediate, which in turn is reacted under metallating conditions with an organic electrophile to provide addition of the electrophile to the gamma position of the furan ring. Under the conditions of the reaction, it has been discovered that the butenolide ring will undergo rearrangement to provide the furan ring, forming the nucleus for synthesis of a wide variety of furan compounds.