Abstract: Herein are fluid compositions and methods of making such compositions, wherein the compositions comprise C1 to C4 esters of a mixture of C3–C6 branched carboxylic acids and C3–C6 linear carboxylic acids.

Abstract: In a process for oligomerizing an olefinic hydrocarbon feedstock comprising at least 65 wt % olefins and/or sulfur-containing molecules, the feedstock is contacted under oligomerization conditions with (a) a first unidimensional 10-ring molecular sieve catalyst and (b) a second multidimensional crystalline molecular sieve catalyst. The first and second catalysts may be contained in separate reactors or as separate beds in a single reactor.

Abstract: Limiting the sulphur level in olefin feedstocks to zeolite-catalysed oligomerization enhances selectivity to trimer and catalyst life and activity.

Abstract: In acid catalysed continuous hydrocarbon conversion reactions such as olefin oligomerisation or alkylation in the presence of phosphoric acid or zeolite catalysts the hydrocarbon feed is hydrated and the degree of hydration is adjusted according to the composition of the feed.

Abstract: In a process for oligomerizing an olefinic hydrocarbon feedstock comprising sulfur-containing molecules, the feedstock is contacted in the absence of hydrogen with a first metal oxide catalyst at a temperature in excess of 150° C. and then is contacted under olefin oligomerization conditions with a second catalyst comprising a crystalline molecular sieve, such as ZSM-22 or ZSM-57.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of isobutene-containing olefin feedstock in oligomerization reactions, particularly in the production of octenes as feedstock for the manufacture of plasticizer alcohols, the process comprising contacting a feed comprising isobutene with a molecular sieve at a temperature in excess of 240° C. to produce a product low in triple-branched octenes.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a method of selectively oligomerizing olefin monomers by controlling feedstock composition and reaction conditions. Reaction conditions are chosen to include at least one of: (a) dimer recycle; (b) staged injection of monomer; and (c) utilization of a two catalyst system.

Abstract: Sulphur-containing olefinic feedstocks are oligomerized over zeolite catalysts.

Abstract: In a process for oligomerizing an olefinic hydrocarbon feedstock, the feedstock is contacted under oligomerization conditions with (a) a first crystalline molecular sieve catalyst and (b) a second catalyst comprising a solid phosphoric acid. The first and second catalysts may be contained in separate reactors or as separate beds in a single reactor.

Abstract: Mixed butene streams containing butene-1 and isobutylene and optionally butene-2 are hydroformylated under conditions that hydroformylates all the monomers to yield a mixture of valeraldehydes. Higher temperatures and/or longer residence times and/or higher partial pressure of carbon monoxide than in conventional processes are used to ensure hydroformylation of all the monomers.

Abstract: The invention relates to series reactor beds containing different oligomerization catalysts and having independent temperature control, and processes for the oligomerization of light olefins to heavier olefins using such series reactor beds.

Abstract: In a process for producing a hydrocarbon composition, a feed comprising at least one C3 to C8 olefin and an olefinic recycle stream rich in C9? hydrocarbons is contacted with a crystalline molecular sieve catalyst having an average crystal size no greater than 0.05 micron and an alpha value between about 100 and about 600 in at least one reaction zone under olefin oligomerization conditions including an inlet temperature between about 150° C. and about 350° C., a pressure of at least 2,860 kPa and a recycle to feed weight ratio of about 0.1 to about 3.0. The contacting produces an oligomerization effluent stream, which is separated into at least a hydrocarbon product stream rich in C9+ hydrocarbons and the olefinic recycle stream.

Abstract: Solid phosphoric acid (SPA) olefin oligomerization process units may be converted to operation with a more environmentally favorable solid catalyst. The SPA units in which a light olefin feed is oligomerized to form gasoline boiling range hydrocarbon product, is converted unit to operation with a molecular sieve based olefin oligomerization catalyst comprising an MWW zeolite material. Besides being more environmentally favorable in use, the MWW based zeolites offer advantages in catalyst cycle life, selectivity and product quality. After loading of the catalyst, the converted unit is operated as a fixed-bed unit by passing the C2-C4 olefinic feed to a fixed bed of the MWW zeolite condensation catalyst, typically at a temperature from 150 to 250° C., a pressure not greater than 7000 kPag, usually less than 4000 kPag and a space velocity up to 30 WHSV. The gasoline boiling range product is notable for a high level of branched chain octenes resulting in high octane quality.

Abstract: Disclosed are ester-containing fluid compositions, methods of making such compositions, and methods of using such compositions. The fluid compositions comprise a mix of branched and linear ester compounds, and the fluid compositions are characterized by certain performance limitations. The preferred method of making the fluid compositions enables the ester mix to be made in a one step process with little finishing required to obtain desirable performance characteristics.

Abstract: A method of making a higher olefin product from a C4+ fraction separated from the hydrocarbon product produced by an oxygenate to olefin reaction unit. The C4+ fraction primarily contains butenes which may be directed to a higher olefin reaction unit without removing isobutenes, butanes, and/or butadiene. The C4+ fraction is particularly well suited for the production of higher olefins because of its high olefin content, low branching number, and low contaminent levels. The invention is also directed to an olefin product composition that is produced by contacting the C4+ fraction with an oligomerization catalyst. The olefin composition is characterized by a relatively high octene content, and octene with a branching number less than 1.4.

Abstract: A selectivated molecular sieve, e.g., ZSM-22 or ZSM-23, is used as olefin oligomerization catalyst to provide product, e.g., octenes and dodecenes from butene, having a low degree of branching and hindered double bonds.

Abstract: A process for preparing a substantially linear olefinic hydrocarbon mixture is described in which a lower olefin feed comprising one or more C3 to C6 lower olefins is contacted in the presence of water and under olefin oligomerization conditions with a catalyst comprising surface-deactivated ZSM-23.

Abstract: Limiting the sulphur level in olefin feedstocks to zeolite-catalysed oligomerization enhances selectivity to trimer and catalyst life and activity.

Abstract: Sulphur-containing olefinic feedstocks are oligomerized over zeolite catalysts.

Abstract: Disclosed are ester-containing fluid compositions, methods of making such compositions, and methods of using such compositions. The fluid compositions comprise a mix of branched and linear ester compounds, and the fluid compositions are characterized by certain performance limitations. The preferred method of making the fluid compositions enables the ester mix to be made in a one step process with little finishing required to obtain desirable performance characteristics.