Abstract: A method of controlling the commutation of a brushless direct current motor includes providing sensors which provide a variable output dependent on rotational angle or the relative position of the stator and rotor of the motor. Output from the sensors is sampled at a time between a past commutation event and the next commutation event to be implemented. An angular position between the rotor and stator is determined at the time. The time of the next commutation event is determined based on the next commutation angle, motor speed, and the determined angular position.

Abstract: A method of controlling the commutation of a brushless direct current motor includes providing sensors which provide a variable output dependent on rotational angle or the relative position of the stator and rotor of the motor. Output from the sensors is sampled at a time between a past commutation event and the next commutation event to be implemented. An angular position between the rotor and stator is determined at the time. The time of the next commutation event is determined based on the next commutation angle, motor speed, and the determined angular position.

Abstract: A one-piece tray for shipping and then displaying articles in an upright position at a point of sale has a bottom wall, a front wall, a back wall, and opposite side walls and is made of corrugated board having a bottom liner, a top liner, and a fluted medium. A plurality of grooves extend across the width of the bottom wall in a top surface thereof to engage bottom edges of articles standing upright in the tray and hold them in position as other articles are removed from the front of the tray. The grooves are formed by cuts made through the top liner and a portion of the medium and crushed areas extending along one side of each cut, forming a rearwardly facing abutment at each cut for engaging bottom edges of articles to prevent the bottom edges from sliding forward in the tray.

Abstract: A one-piece tray for shipping and then displaying articles in an upright position at a point of sale has a bottom wall, a front wall, a back wall, and opposite side walls and is made of corrugated board having a bottom liner, a top liner, and a fluted medium. A plurality of grooves extend across the width of the bottom wall in a top surface thereof to engage bottom edges of articles standing upright in the tray and hold them in position as other articles are removed from the front of the tray. The grooves are formed by cuts made through the top liner and a portion of the medium and crushed areas extending along one side of each cut, forming a rearwardly facing abutment at each cut for engaging bottom edges of articles to prevent the bottom edges from sliding forward in the tray.