Abstract: In one embodiment, a method includes receiving first Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data associated with a railroad environment, extracting an asset from the first LiDAR data associated with the railroad environment, and superimposing the asset into a spatial model. The method also includes receiving a field indication associated with a modification to the railroad environment and modifying the spatial model in response to receiving the field indication associated with the modification to the railroad environment. The method further includes receiving second LiDAR data associated with the railroad environment and comparing the second LiDAR data to the modified spatial model.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for heating volumes of media (11) in a closed receptacle (10) by means of an electromagnetic radiation (2), wherein a database (4) is prepared based on measurements of reference receptacles, and irradiation regimes are selected or generated using the database (4) and used for heating the media (11). The invention further relates to an apparatus for carrying out the method.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for heating volumes of media (11) in a closed receptacle (10) by means of an electromagnetic radiation (2), wherein a database (4) is prepared based on measurements of reference receptacles, and irradiation regimes are selected or generated using the database (4) and used for heating the media (11). The invention further relates to an apparatus for carrying out the method.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for removing a portion of material from the surface of a ceramic include a table with a rotatable wheel thereon. A pad is disposed on the rotatable wheel such that the pad can remain on the rotatable wheel as the wheel is rotated but is removable from the wheel when not in use. A recrystallized silicon carbide disk is disposed on the pad having sufficient friction to remain on the pad as the wheel and pad are rotated but is removable from the rotatable wheel and pad when not in use.

Abstract: Method of selectively etching a first material on a substrate with a high selectivity towards a second material by flowing a liquid etchant across a substrate surface at a flow sufficiently fast to generate a minimum mean velocity parallel to the substrate's surface, wherein the first material is selected from a group including materials with semiconducting properties based on at least two different chemical elements.

Abstract: Method of selectively etching a first material on a substrate with a high selectivity towards a second material by flowing a liquid etchant across a substrate surface at a flow sufficiently fast to generate a minimum mean velocity parallel to the substrate's surface, wherein the first material is selected from a group including materials with semiconducting properties based on at least two different chemical elements.

Abstract: The present invention relates to melt spun fibers prepared from blends of poly(tetrafluoroethylene) and poly(tetrafluoroethylene-co-perfluoro-alkylvinyl ether).

Abstract: The present invention relates to melt spun fibers prepared from blends of poly(tetrafluoroethylene) and poly(tetrafluoroethylene-co-perfluoro-alkylvinyl ether).

Abstract: A reflex algorithm for assessing cardiac patients, which does not require human decision-making in selecting assays to be performed. Performance of further biochemical marker tests on a patient is dependent upon the outcome of previously conducted tests. The reflex algorithm focuses on obtaining the most accurate test information as early as possible from several different tests run in very short intervals. The reflex algorithm may be implemented by a computer that can copy requests for the most appropriate test to the loadlists of automated clinical chemistry and immunoassay analyzers. Also provided is an integrated platform for executing clinical chemistry assays and immunoassays according to a reflex algorithm.

Abstract: This invention pertains to melt spun fibers of copolymers formed from tetra-fluoro ethylene and perfluorovinyl monomers and a process for their formation. In the process of this invention fibers exhibiting high strength and low shrinkage are drawn from the melt at SSFs of at least 500×.

Abstract: A process of controlled wet etching of semiconductor wafers having a silicon dioxide layer on each of two surfaces, includes entirely removing the silicon dioxide layer from a top side and selectively removing the silicon dioxide layer from the opposite side bottom in a defined area which extends to the inside from the peripheral edge of the semiconductor wafer using an etching medium which includes hydrofluoric acid or a combination of hydrofluoric acid and ammonium fluoride and at least one carboxylic acid.

Abstract: A reflex algorithm for assessing cardiac patients, which does not require human decision-making in selecting assays to be performed. Performance of further biochemical marker tests on a patient is dependent upon the outcome of previously conducted tests. The reflex algorithm focuses on obtaining the most accurate test information as early as possible from several different tests run in very short intervals. The reflex algorithm may be implemented by a computer that can copy requests for the most appropriate test to the loadlists of automated clinical chemistry and immunoassay analyzers. Also provided is an integrated platform for executing clinical chemistry assays and immunoassays according to a reflex algorithm.

Abstract: This invention pertains to melt spun fibers of copolymers formed from tetra-fluoro ethylene and perfluorovinyl monomers and a process for their formation. In the process of this invention fibers exhibiting high strength and low shrinkage are drawn from the melt at SSFs of at least 500.times..

Abstract: In order to remove, after treatment of wafer-shaped articles (2), prefera a silicon wafer, with a treatment medium, preferably with an etching fluid, on the bottom of wafer-shaped article (2), i.e. the side facing chuck (1) for wafer-shaped article (2), residual treatment medium adhering in its edge area, there is nozzle (20) from which flushing liquid, preferably deionized water, can be sprayed onto the outside edge of article (2) and between chuck (1) and wafer-shaped article (2). The flushing liquid, which penetrates more or less deeply, depending on the pressure with which the flushing liquid emerges from nozzle (20) and depending on the alignment of nozzle (20) relative to wafer-shaped article (2), is flung off again by the rotation of wafer-shaped article (2) and in doing so entrains residues of treatment medium. For optimum action the alignment of nozzle (20) can be changed relative to edge (16) of wafer-shaped article (2).

Abstract: A composition comprising a high-melting perfluoroplastic swollen at a swelling temperature to the extent of at least one percent with a solution of a second, lower-melting perfluoropolymer in a solvent; and an assembly made by contacting said swollen perfluoroplastic material with a surface of an interlayer at a first temperature, contacting another surface of the interlayer with a substrate and applying pressure to cause the interlayer to adhere to both the perfluoroplastic and the substrate and thus form an assembly, and heating the assembly to a second temperature.

Abstract: This invention relates to methods for preparing membranes of polyfluoroethylene (PTFE) and to the asymmetric membranes fabricated thereby. Such membranes are useful as separation and ultrafiltration membranes. The membranes are produced as a single layer. Method steps including contacting a substrate with a solution of PTFE in a perfluorinated cycloalkane solvent at a high temperature to cause a film of such solution to be coated on the substrate, removing the coated substrate from the solution and rapidly cooling it by contact with a second solvent, removing the coated substrate from the second solvent, drying the film, and optionally separating film from substrate.

Abstract: An apparatus which controls the operation of metering pumps serving to regenerate the baths in a developing machine for exposed photosensitive material issuing from a photocomposing machine has a computer whose outputs transmit appropriate signals to the metering pumps via amplifiers and whose inputs respectively receive signals from a scanner serving to ascertain the width of photosensitive material in the photocomposing machine and the composition of the emulsion, from a forward-reverse counter which ascertains the total length of photosensitive material admitted into the developing machine per unit of time, and from an integrating circuit which receives signals denoting the amounts of radiation issuing from a cathode ray tube or a laser recorder and impinging upon the photosensitive material. This renders it unnecessary to monitor the condition of the baths and/or the photosensitive material in the developing machine.