Abstract: A process for fluoride removal from wastewater streams produced during industrial operation for further industrial use or to comply with environmental regulations. The process segregates the removal of fluoride and fluorosilicate ions, from the totality of ions in the waste water stream, thus improving treatment efficiency and reducing costs. Ion-exchange chromatography is used to remove the fluoride and fluorosilicate ions by passing the wastewater stream through one or more columns that contain a charged resin which selectively binds cations/anions in the stream. The fluoride ions are washed from the column and then collected for removal or use in other processes.

Abstract: A catalytically active composition for use in electroless plating, which is prepared without the use of acid by reacting an aqueous halide solution (chloride or bromide) of a palladium salt with a compatible tin salt. The tin salt can be molten or in the form of an aqueous solution containing water in an amount which is insufficient to cause precipitation of the tin. The final concentrated product may be used to prepare working bath solutions for electroless plating by dilution with an appropriate acid solution; but the concentrate itself contains essentially no free acid and may be either a liquid or a solid material, depending on process conditions.