Abstract: A coil on tube heat exchanger is provided that uses multiple parallel helical coil tubes to limit liquid pressure losses while providing similar performance and production times to previous coil and tube designs. Two or more coil tubes are wrapped together around a center tube in a helical fashion, permitting the heat exchanger to be used in a counter-flow, or contra-flow, implementation. Use of the heat exchanger includes flowing a first liquid, such as waste water, through the center tube and flowing a second liquid through the plurality of channels. Embodiments of the present invention provide reduced pressure loss, higher performance and are generally faster to manufacture than prior heat exchangers.

Abstract: A coil on tube heat exchanger is provided that uses multiple parallel helical coil tubes to limit liquid pressure losses while providing similar performance and production times to previous coil and tube designs. Two or more coil tubes are wrapped together around a tube in a helical fashion, permitting the heat exchanger to be used in a counter-flow, or contra-flow, implementation. The system preferably includes a header, or manifold, to connect two or more of the coil tubes together at the beginning and/or end of the tube. However, each individual coil may be connected to a separate load and kept independent. Embodiments of the present invention provide reduced pressure loss, higher performance and are generally faster to manufacture than prior heat exchangers.

Abstract: A non-pressurized liquid supply system is provided for supplying a liquid, such as water, to a plurality of liquid treatment units. Pipes in an outflow stage split liquid flow from an inflow stage, possibly via at least one intermediate stage. The inflow stage and outflow stage have substantially equivalent cross-sectional areas, and the outflow stage has at least two pipes in order to split the flow to the plurality of liquid treatment units in order to achieve more effective treatment of the liquid. The inflow stage and outflow stage co-operate to maintain substantially constant liquid flow throughout the non-pressurized liquid supply system. The system preferably includes a flow-splitting horizontal manifold. The non-pressurized liquid supply system can be, for example, a drainwater system, a waste water system, or a chemical process system.