Abstract: A method of fabricating polynucleotide arrays includes dissolving a nucleotide monomer, oligonucleotide, or polynucleotide in a solvent containing ionic liquid and depositing the resulting solution on an array substrate. The method has particular application to fabrication of an addressable array of polynucleotides on a substrate that carries substrate bound moieties each with a hydroxyl group. The process may be repeated at specific locations on the array to elongate the polynucleotide deposited on the array.

Abstract: A method of fabricating polynucleotide arrays includes dissolving a nucleotide monomer, oligonucleotide, or polynucleotide in a solvent containing ionic liquid and depositing the resulting solution on an array substrate. The method has particular application to fabrication of an addressable array of polynucleotides on a substrate that carries substrate bound moieties each with a hydroxyl group. The process may be repeated at specific locations on the array to elongate the polynucleotide deposited on the array.

Abstract: The invention provides novel methods for surface treatment of bioarrays to provide desirable substrate surface characteristics, and novel methods for fabrication of bioarrays. The present invention encompasses a process of contacting the surface of a substrate having biomolecules deposited thereupon with a basic, aqueous solution, followed by contacting the surface with a blocking agent that bonds preferentially to surface reactive moieties on the surface and reduces background signal and/or reduces the number of sites available for non-specific binding to occur. The invention also encompasses bioarrays fabricated using such process.

Abstract: A method of synthesizing polynucleotides is disclosed. The method involves contacting a first nucleotide with a selected reactive group in the presence of an ionic liquid. The selected reactive group may be on a second nucleotide, a polynucleotide, or on a moiety on an insoluble substrate, for example in an oligonucleotide synthesizer.

Abstract: Methods of producing ligand arrays, e.g., polypeptide and nucleic acid arrays, as well as the arrays produced thereby, methods for use of the arrays and kits that include the same, are provided. In the subject methods, a substrate having a surface displaying olefinic functional groups, e.g., olefin groups having a single site of unsaturation, are modified such that the olefinic functional groups are converted to ligand reactive functional groups. The resultant substrate is then contacted with ligands, e.g., via deposition of each different ligand onto a different region of the surface, resulting in covalent attachment of the contacted ligand to the surface via reaction with the ligand reactive functional groups. Ligand arrays produced via the subject methods demonstrate a number of desirable properties, e.g., nucleic acid arrays produced by the subject methods provide high signal intensity with low background in nucleic acid hybridization assays, etc.