Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalytic combustion system comprising a casing (1) having an inlet (2) for an oxidizer such as air, several fuel injection means (3, 5; 7) intended for a multistage fuel injection, and at least a first monolithic element (4) that may be covered with a combustion catalyst and situated downstream from a first fuel injection means (3) in relation to the direction of progress of an air-fuel mixture in the system, said first injection means performing a partial fuel injection, and comprising at least a second monolithic element (6) situated downstream from a second injection means (5), said second monolithic element (6) being intended to stabilize the combustion. The second monolithic element (6) can be covered with a combustion catalyst.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an installation intended for the pyrolysis of solids, comprising a rotary furnace (1) inside which pyrolysis is achieved, and a means (21) for heating the rotary furnace. The installation according to the invention further comprises a means (2) for preheating the solids, located upstream from said furnace, said means (2) comprises at least two zones (2a, 2b) in which the solids are preheated at different temperatures and a gas extraction device (12) into which the pyrolysis gases are led after passing through at least one of said preheating zones (2a, 2b).

Abstract: According to the invention, regeneration is performed by filtering and by regenerating simultaneously the used absorbent; two stages are carried out for the regeneration: one, which is a rough stage, is performed in the presence of a regeneration gas; the other, a free stage, is performed in the presence of a fresh regeneration gas.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process and system for thermal waste treatment. The method according to the invention comprises subjecting the waste to thermolysis in a furnace to produce from the waste thermolysis gases and carbon containing solids; purifying the carbon containing solids into purified carbon containing solids which contain pollutants; using part of the thermolysis gases as fuel which is burned to heat the waste in the furnace; burning in a cyclone furnace at least part of the purified carbon containing solids containing pollutants to produce hot gases and to immobilize the pollutants present in the purified carbon containing solids into solids containing the pollutants; and providing the hot gases to an energy recovery device and using the energy recovery device to recover energy from the hot gases.

Abstract: The present invention relates to piperidine derivatives of formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is a C.sub.1-4 alkoxy group; R.sup.2 is ##STR2## R.sup.3 is a hydrogen or halogen atom; R.sup.4 and R.sup.5 may each independently represent a hydrogen or halogen atom, or aC.sub.1-4 alkyl, C.sub.1-4 alkoxy or trifluoromethyl group;R.sup.6 is a hydrogen atom, a C.sub.1-4 alkyl, (CH.sub.2).sub.m cyclopropyl, --S(O).sub.n C.sub.1-4 alkyl, phenyl,NR.sup.7 R.sup.8, CH.sub.2 C(O)CF.sub.3 or trifluoromethyl group;R.sup.7 and R.sup.8 may each independently represent a hydrogen atom, or a C.sub.1-4 alkyl or acyl group;x represents zero or 1;n represents zero, 1 or 2;m represents zero or 1;and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and solvates thereof; to processes for their preparation; and their use in the treatment of conditions mediated by tachykinins.

Abstract: A furnace for effecting pyrolysis of waste material includes an essentially cylindrical cavity for effecting pyrolysis of the waste material rotating around its lengthwise axis, a combustion chamber located around the cavity and injectors for introducing fuel and comburant or oxidizing agent into said chamber. The injectors for introducing fuel and comburant are oriented tangentially to a wall of the combustion chamber so that flame or flames created by combustion of the fuel developed in the swirling fashion around the cavity containing the waste material. Also, the injectors are arranged to effect staged combustion within the combustion chamber.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a furnace intended for the thermal treatment of solid materials, comprising a rotary element (1) in which said solid materials circulate longitudinally, and a means (9) for heating said materials, which extends longitudinally in the furnace, the solid materials moving forward through about two lengths inside the rotary element (1). According to the invention, the heating means (9) is stationary, intended for channelling the solid materials and for preheating them. More specifically, the heating means (9) is arranged coaxially and inside the rotary element (1) so that, in the axial zone delimited by the heating means, the solid materials exhibit the highest temperatures.

Abstract: A method for producing a solid fuel from combustible waste includes sorting and grinding the waste, treating the waste by heating in the absence of oxygen in a first pyrolysis reactor and then collecting the waste so treated. Polluting elements in the gases emerging from the pyrolysis are removed while the gases are hot before being directly reused to heat a first pyrolysis reactor so that solids leaving the pyrolysis operation provide a fuel without the pollutants initially contained in the waste. The device for carrying out this method includes a pyrolysis reactor and a unit for supplying an absorbent to a zone wherein the gases generated by pyrolysis are contacted by the absorbent to remove the polluting elements; the absorbent and the decontaminated solids are separated from each other.

Abstract: Process for treating industrial and/or urban waste comprising notably a drying stage, a waste thermolysis stage and a dechlorination stage by washing the solids resulting from the thermolysis.According to the invention, said thermolysis is achieved by direct contact of the waste with warm gases having a low oxygen content.The invention further relates to the plant for implementing the process.

Abstract: A process for treating industrial and/or urban waste includes the steps of drying the waste; effecting thermolysis of the dried waste by direct contact with warm gases, and washing solids resulting from the thermolysis with water to effect dechlorination thereof. Thermolysis is effected by direct contact of the waste with warm gases having a low oxygen content and water for washing the solids is obtained from condensation of vapors generated during drying of the waste A plant for treating industrial and/or urban waste includes a drier for drying the waste, a reactor for thermolyzing the waste, washing the solids from the reactor with water, such as from a condenser, to dechlorinate the solids, and a gas generator to generate warm gases, of which a part of the warm gases are used to heat the drier.

Abstract: A device for treating gaseous effluents from a catalytic cracking unit comprises at least one first stage for regenerating a catalyst used in a catalytic cracking process wherein the gaseous effluents issuing from a cracking catalyst regenerator are treated in a heat recovery unit (CR) including a treating chamber having an entrained bed. The absorbent introduced in this chamber has a "fine" grain size ranging between 0.1 and 100 .mu.m and can be regenerated in the device downstream from heat recovery unit (CR).

Abstract: Process for desulfurizing combustion gas wherein the gas is fractionated into at least two flows which pass through distinct passageways (4 and 5) and receive particles of a solid desulfurizing agent coming from distinct injectors (7 and 8) . The two particle-charged flows meet (9) , are separated again (10 and 11) and meet again thereafter (12). The process can be repeated several times. The final mixture is carried off and fractionated into desulfurized gas and recovered solid particles.

Abstract: A plant for treating industrial and/or urban waste includes a stage for drying of the waste, followed by a stage for effecting thermolysis of the dried waste and a stage for effecting recovery of the solids and gases resulting from the thermolysis. Thermolysis of the waste is effected in a reactor by indirect heat exchange with combustion gases and drying gases for drying of the waste are subsequently treated to remove vapor materials and then recycled to a gas generator for generating the drying gases. Additionally the plant includes a stage for effecting dechlorination of the solids resulting from the thermolysis by washing the solids with an aqueous liquid, as well as a stage of separating the wash solids and the resulting wash liquid.

Abstract: In a method of manufacturing a transparent polymer material article having a refractive index gradient the polymer base material is caused to absorb a swelling agent including at least a monomer adapted to yield a polymer having a refractive index different than that of the polymer base material. A first preform having a first geometry is formed from the polymer base material sufficiently polymerized for the first preform to be self-supporting. A confinement space is defined between the first preform and an abutment member having facing it a second geometry at least partly different than the first geometry and having a greater volume than the latter. The first preform is brought into contact in the confinement space with a sufficient quantity of swelling agent for the swelling to which it is then subject to cause it to be urged actively into contact with all points of the second geometry.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process and an apparatus for the production of aromatic hydrocarbons from an aliphatic hydrocarbon charge with 2 to 12 carbon atoms.The process comprises a stage of contacting a charge of at least one aliphatic hydrocarbon with 2 to 12 carbon atoms and a zeolitic catalyst composition optionally containing at least one metal, in a reaction zone (40) containing reaction tubes (3), said reaction zone being heated by at least partial immersion in an enclosure (1) containing a fluidized particle bed (13), characterized in that said particle bed is at least partly heated by a heat supply (19,23) resulting from the injection of hot gases produced in a zone outside said enclosure and introduced into the fluidized bed under conditions such that the reaction temperature is 400.degree. to 600.degree. C.Application to the production of benzene, toluene and xylenes.

Abstract: For generating heat, with reduced emission of sulphur and nitrogen oxides, a fuel containing sulphur oxides and nitrogen is effected, the combustion burned and particles of a fresh absorbent are fed into a turbulent zone (9) upstream of an adiabatic desulphurisation zone (8); and the mixture produced is passed into a heat recovery zone (16). Part of the absorbent is recycled to the desulphurisation zone, and the flow rate of fresh absorbent and recycled absorbent is adjusted so that the temperature of that zone is from 750.degree. to 1000.degree. C.

Abstract: A heat-generating plant comprising a combustion chamber (1), at least one convective exchange zone (4, 9), a desulfurization chamber (6) comprising at least one means (8) for injecting an absorbent and communicating with a chamber (13) linked to said first convective exchange zone (9), said separation chamber having at least one outlet (132, 133) for the spent absorbent and an outlet (14) for the depolluted gases. The plant also comprises :means (32) for regenerating the spent absorbent, andmeans (38, 41) intended to treat the absorbent and/or the regeneration gases coming from said regeneration means (32).A means (16) for the intermediate storage of the spent absorbent can also be provided in the plant.

Abstract: A parallel flow liquid fuel burner is disclosed which has a device for injecting fuel in a central flame stabilizer; the stabilizer comprises a blade-containing rose situated around a central hub itself situated around the injection device and the injection device comprises several fuel injection orifices adapted to provide separate elementary flames.

Abstract: To produce a graded index polymer there is diffused into a base material formed of at least one partly polymerized monomer adapted to yield a homopolymer with refractive index N1 in the gel state an additive material formed of at least one monomer adapted to yield a homopolymer with refractive index N2 different from N1. The polymerization of the base material treated in this way is then completed. The additive material comprises a mixture of at least two monomers and the composition of this mixture is varied with time.

Abstract: The invention is directed to steam-cracking in a fluid bed reaction zone, of a charge of hydrocarbons having at least two carbon atoms per molecule.In this process the charge (3) circulates with steam (2) and inert solid particles, heated at a temperature T.sub.1 from 500.degree. to 1,800.degree. C., through at least one enclosure (7). A gas effluent is separated from the particles in the enclosure and fed to a quenching zone (8) opening into said enclosure. Said effluent is circulated with cooling second solid particles which are at a temperature T.sub.2 lower than T.sub.1 and at most equal to 800.degree. C. A steam-cracking effluent is then recovered through line (15).This process can be used in petrochemistry, particularly for producing ethylene and propylene.